Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : ignoratio elenchi
The correct answer is Ignoratio Elenchi.
- Ignoratio Elenchi:
- It is also called the fallacy of Irrelevant Conclusion.
- This fallacy reaches a conclusion but misses the point in question.
- Example: Elephants can't be so dangerous to humans, because they are so calm and look so cute.
- Composition:
- It is the reverse of the Fallacy of Division.
- In this fallacy, what is true or correct about some parts of an object, then it is applied to whole parts of the object.
- Example: Because all of the components of this car are heavy, then the car itself must also be heavy.
- Division:
- It is a reverse of the Fallacy of Composition.
- In this fallacy, what is true about whole parts of an object, then it is true for the parts of the whole.
- Example: The boys in my neighbourhood like to play cricket. So my new neighbour, John, will like to play cricket with them.
- Illicit generalization:
- It is also called the Hasty or Overgeneralization Fallacy.
- In this fallacy, the person assumes the conclusion is true based on small evidence.
- Example: Recently, some beggars in the street path looted a man. All beggars are just as clever behind innocent faces.
- This example shows that based on one piece of evidence the person concludes all beggars as thieves and criminals.
- Such type of fallacy must be avoided as it will be dangerous.
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