Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : Ignoratio elenchi
The correct answer is Ignoratio Elenchi.
- Ignoratio Elenchi:
- It is also called the fallacy of Irrelevant Conclusion.
- This fallacy reaches a conclusion but misses the point in question.
- Example: Elephants can't be so dangerous to humans, because they are so calm and look so cute.
- Bad analogy:
- It is also called False Analogy.
- In this fallacy, if objects A and B have quality C in common, they must also have a quality D in common.
- Division:
- It is a reverse of the Fallacy of Composition.
- In this fallacy, what is true about whole parts of an object, then it is true for the parts of the whole.
- Example: The boys in my neighbourhood like to play cricket. So my new neighbour, John, will like to play cricket with them.
- Four Terms:
- Quaternion Terminorum is a Latin term meaning Fallacy of four terms.
- This fallacy occurs when a syllogism has 4 terms rather than 3.
- It includes statistical syllogism, hypothetical syllogism, and categorical syllogism.
- Example: All men are robots, All robots are cars, All cars are buses.
- In this example, there are four terms: Men, Robots, Cars, and Buses.
- This makes the statement invalid as it requires one term common to both premises.
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