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What is the difference between law of dominance and law to segregation

Answer» Law of dominance and law of segregation are based on monohybrid cross while law of independent assortment is based on dihybrid cross.Law of DominanceAccording to this law, characters are controlled by discrete units called factors, which occur in pairs with one member of the pair dominating over the other in a dissimilar pair.This law explains expression of only one of the parental character in F1 generation and expression of both in F2 generation.This law was proved by Mendel by doing monohybrid cross. Mendel took trait of pea plant height in which tallness is dominant over dwarfness.Denoted the allele responsible for tallness by T and for dwarfness by t.A homozygous pea plant having tall height (TT) is crossed with pea plant having short height ( tt)The type of gametes produced are – T and tThen the progeny would be all tall (Tt) i.e T is dominant over t. Thus, proving the law of dominance.Law of SegregationThis law states that the two alleles of a pair segregate or separate during gamete formation in such a way that a gamete receives only one of the two factors.In homozygous parents, all gametes produced are similar; while in heterozygous parents, two kinds of gametes are produced in equal proportions.For example: A homozygous pea plant for trait , tall height (TT) produces gametes(T and T), each gamete with single allele from a pair . Same way homozygous pea plant for trait dwarfness (tt) produces gametes (t and t)


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