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1. Handloom sector in the state is the single largest cottage industry. 

2. It provides livelihood to a large number of rural people. 

3. It promotes export earnings. 

4. It generates gainful employment for more than 4.29 lakh weaver households and 11.64 lakh weavers in the state.

Significance of power loom industry:

1. A tradition industry. 

2. Contributes a large to India economy in. terms of foreign exchange earnings, 

3. Greater employment opportunities are provided (nearly 6.5 million people are employed).

Irrigation refers to the artificial supply of watering the fields. For a monsoon fed region like Tamil Nadu where rainfall is irregular and seasonal irrigation – become essential.

1. The conflict had acquired a distinct edge ever since he had met Anuj. 

2. Anuj had turned into a friend very quickly, a much older friend. 

3. His class grades had dropped; he had started skipping group tuitions. 

4. Anuj had started journalism on his own and took up photography later. 

5. “It seems to me that the pressure is worse for children of doctors”. 

6. “It will help you witness your reactions as if they were happening to someone else”. 

7. “If you still have not found out, when do you intend to enroll?” 

8. He felt that he needed time to pursue his own interests and pleasures, especially after he met Anuj.

The manufacturing industry broadly covers manufacture of machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, basic metal and alloy industries, metal products and repair of capital goods.

1. Harappa

2. Charles Masson

Anuj was a newfound friend of Vikrant. Though much older, he could understand Vikrant’s problems and be of help, Anuj was not just a person with dynamic ideas on photography; he could also throw light on the connectedness between human beings and all other living species. He gave new ideas to Vikrant for self-analysis – particularly the body language of the self and how to control expressions and feelings.

Space in the title of this lesson has a significant role to play. It does not refer to physical space. It is a metaphoric reference to individual choice and freedom. It refers to that room or opportunity for one’s own interests. Generally, the interests and ideas of parents, friends and society are imposed on the children who are in the growing stage.

The aims of Special Economic Zones is to increase trade balance, employment increased investment, job creation and effective administration.

B) he developed new interests

Vikrant and Anuj build a rapport despite the difference in age. The only similarity between them is that both of them are from reputed families. Vikrant is a student of class XI whereas Anuj is a grown-up person, working as a photojournalist. Anuj acts as the confidante of Vikrant when Vikrant is getting worried and depressed over his parents’ pressure all the time to study more for Class XII examination and medical entrance examination. When Vikrant is in this state of being pressurised by his parents, he comes to know that Anuj has chosen to study photography as per his liking. He is even more surprised to know that Anuj’s parents have no objection to his pursuing his interests. It is at this point that Anuj helps Vikrant to analyse his own feelings and expressions to handle the pressure. Vikrant gets influenced by Anuj’s guidance and experience.

Thus we see that of the two, Anuj is more mature and is in a position to guide Vikrant. His advice to Vikrant on controlling his emotions shows that he is mature in his outlook and attitude. Hence it would be the desire of everyone to be like Anuj.

Yes, like everyone else, I too have a dream. In fact, I have many dreams. But the most overpowering of them all is to be a winner in one of the reality shows. But alas! I am not especially gifted in any particular field of activity. I am neither a singer nor a dancer. It is true that I croon occasionally and tap my feet rhythmically. But it will not suffice to win an award. I cannot draw even straight lines; neither can I speak effectively.

Yet I want to be a winner. So I hope there will be a reality show for ordinary people like me, good at nothing; yet having the dream of winning. I hope to be a contestant in a reality show in which you get eliminated one by one because of your talent and the one with no talent at all wins. If there is a reality show of this kind, I will surely win and that

B) pressurising him to gear up for the medical entrance exams

Hi Susheel,

How have you been? I’m sure that you are surprised by this unexpected letter from me. I know that ours is the age of WhatsApp. But I have decided to take recourse to the older method of snail-mail because I want to share with you something dear to my heart.

I remember telling you a couple of months ago that I was upset with my parents for pressurizing me over my preparation for class XI exam and enrolment in a coaching center as preparation for the medical course. I was under a lot of stress because I felt my parents did not understand me and were forcing me to do, without giving me space, what I didn’t want to do. I didn’t like the idea of decisions about my future being unilaterally made by others. But there was a change in my viewpoint because of the timely intervention of one of my friends called Anuj.

Anuj is a photo-journalist and his unique ideas on a wide range of topics drew me to him. Though my parents didn’t like the idea of my spending a lot of time with him, it is because of him that my problems with my parents got resolved.

When Anuj realized that I was getting agitated over the conditions put by my parents over me, he taught me the technique of self-observation to control my emotions. He told me that it was important to note how our body reacts to emotions, both positive and negative, for self-awareness. Once we are aware of our physical behavior, we can control our mental thoughts.

This is possible because of the stage of distancing that takes place. When we start observing our physical responses, we distance ourselves from them. When we distance ourselves from our own behavior, we are more objective about ourselves and are able to control our thoughts. Moreover, when we control our negative physical behavior, we don’t displease people with whom we interact. But most importantly, we also realize that we ourselves could be in the wrong.

The same thing happened to me also. To begin with, when my mother made derogatory references to Anuj and my hanging out with him, as usual, I was angry. But once I started observing my physical reaction, I was able to control my agitation, retain my poise and speak calmly about what my association with Anuj meant to me. With this assertive but not arrogant behavior, I could convince my parents that they had to allow me to accommodate my interests even as I tried to do justice to my academic performance.

When my parents exhibited the spirit of accommodation, I too felt that their insistence on my pursuance of medical degree was not at all a bad idea. Thus, there was reconciliation between my parents and me and I can now say, ‘All is well that ends well.’ But all this was possible because of a level-headed, intelligent and empathetic person – Anuj.

When you come down next, let’s make it a point to meet him. I’m sure you will immensely enjoy his company. Do let me know when you plan to come down.

Warm regards 

Vikrant

Once Vikrant develops friendship with Anuj, he confides in him about the pressure from his parents. Vikrant also tells Anuj about being disturbed by this. At that juncture, Anuj advises Vikrant on self-observation. He tells Vikrant to start observing his body whenever he feels a strong emotion. As per the advice of Anuj, Vikrant starts noticing his own body’s behavioural changes. After this self-observation, Vikrant realises that conflicts are not getting him anywhere. He also realises that he is not totally averse to the idea of studying medicine.

It is only that he does not want to be bulldozed into working three shifts a day, six days a week. He needs time to pursue his own interests and pleasures. After this stage, Vikrant tries to practise emotions which he has not experienced, yet is able to simulate. At first these are positive emotions of joy, spontaneity and excitement. When he feels more neutral, he practises a wider range. His experiments with selfobservation help him see a whole range of his body reactions and the effects that different emotions have on the body and how the mind gets involved with these.

C) to express an emotion opposite to what he felt

C) practise expressions when there are no feelings

A) because he had jogged for 3.2 kms

Anuj is a true friend who helps Vikrant in need. We see that though Anuj has nothing to gain, he spends a lot of time to advise Vikrant and to solve his problems. After meeting Anuj, Vikrant feels he needs time to pursue his own interests and pleasures. We see that Anuj plays the role of a counselor guiding Vikrant. It is appreciable that he does not speak a single word against Vikrant’s parents.

The only piece of advice he gives Vikrant is to be aware of his emotions and to control them. He also speaks to him on various issues like his hobby of photography and self-observation. He also advises Vikrant not to worry too much about the change as no one can really change anything till things are ready for change. Thus, the author says that a positive approach to things or events can alter situations. Self observation helps one to control one’s own feelings and expressions.

C) joined a coaching centre for medical entrance

A) his reactions as if they were happening to someone else

C) medicine is the noblest profession

Neera Kashyap started her working career as a journalist with the Hindustan Times and went on to specialize in environment and health journalism as senior researcher and editor with Centre for Science & Environment and Voluntary Health Association of India respectively. Later she specialized in social and health communications chiefly in the fields of HIV/ AIDS, reproductive health and poverty.

Tapping her literary bent, she has published a book of stories for children (Daring to Dream) and anthologies of prize-winning stories for Children’s Book Trust. These stories reflect both the stresses facing children as well as magic realism, tapping deeper layers of the subconscious. She currently focuses on interpreting subtle meanings in Hindu and Buddhist scriptures and literatures for modem readers.

B) his parents let him pursue his new interests

B) one can experience the effect that different emotions have on the body

Akash wanted to join the boarding school and live with others. He wished to spread joy and cheer in his own way.

Correct Answer is: A) Nakul

challenges. He tried to help his friends and encourage them whenever he could. He was happy and tried to make others happy.

a) 1. They are poor. 

2. They do not have enough food to eat. 

3. They help their parents by working. 

4. They are not healthy. 

5. They live in slums. 

6. Schools are far away from their homes. 

7. Their parents are illiterate

b) 1. Provide food, clothes and books free to such children. 

2. Educate their parents. 

3. Create awareness about the benefits of education. 

4. Motivate children to go to school. 

5. Punish people who do not send their children to school. 

6. Implement the laws strictly. 

7. Punish people who employ children (child labour). 

8. Open schools near their localities, 

9. Provide free medical facilities.

C) 1. Persuade them to go to school. 

2. Help them financially. 

3. Give them your books, pens, clothes, etc., 

4. Make friendship with them. 

5. Play with them. 

6. Treat them well.

Nakul decided to answer the tough problems first and the easy ones in the last ten minutes. But, they took more time than he had expected. So, he could not solve all the problems.

The difference between a successful person and a failure is not that one has better abilities or ideas, but the courage that one has to bet on one’s ideas, to take a calculated risk – and to act. The person who risks nothing, does nothing, has nothing, is nothing, and becomes nothing. He may avoid suffering and sorrow, but he simply cannot learn and feel and change and grow and live.

As per the case, the problem is in co-ordination and in communicating the work schedule. Because the duplication of work implies that there is a lack of coordination between the levels of management as well as there is a problem in communication because confusion arise only when things are not communicated properly.

Following Remedies are to be taken:

1. A proper communication pattern is to be followed. 

2. A proper co-ordination is to be made between the workers. 

3. Time to time feedback is to be taken by the managers from the bottom level. 

4. There should be transparency in the working pattern.

Equation method can be understood easily, if business transactions are classified as under:

1. Transaction related to goods,
2. Transaction related to revenues and expenses,
3. Transaction related to assets and
4. Transaction related to borrowing/lending of funds.

Annual accounts are prepared on the basis of Journal – Subsidiary books – Posting-Trial Balance and Adjustments.

Under traditional approach, rules of personal accounts, real accounts and nominal accounts are used for preparing books of accounts.

The closely related financial statement to accounting equation is the Balance Sheet.

There are three components of annual accounts :

1. Trading account,
2. Profit and Loss account and
3. Balance Sheet.

The significant objective of financial accounting is to prepare financial accounts.

Correct option is (c) Company

When sales is made with profit, capital would increase and sales is made with loss, capital would reduce.

Balance Sheet is disclosed financial status of business.

At the end of the year, balance of Profit and Loss account is transferred to Capital account in Balance Sheet.

Under Double Entry System, the balance of trading account is transferred to Profit and Loss account.

Correct option is (b) Revenues

Correct option is (a) assets

Correct option is (b) To Profit & Loss A/c

Correct option is (c) increase in assets – increase in capital.

Correct option is (b) Assets = Capital + Liabilities

Correct option is (c) Capital

Correct option is (b) decrease in assets – decrease in capital.

Assets = Capital + Liabilities

∴ Capital = Assets – Liabilities

= 1,20,000 – 80,000

= 40,000

∴ Value of Capital = ₹ 40,000