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The mountain passes in the Western Ghats are : 

1. Charmudi Ghat: It links Mangaluru and Chikmagalur. 

2. Shiradi Ghat: It links Hassan – Sakaleshpur – Mangaluru. 

3. Agumbe Ghat: It links Shivamogga and Udupi. 

4. Hulikal Ghat: It links Shivamogga and Kundapur,

The types of soils in Karnataka are 

1. Red Soil 

2. Black Soil 

3. Laterite Soil 

4. Coastal Alluvial Soil.

The types of the natural vegetation of Karnataka are: 

1. Evergreen Forests, 

2. Deciduous forests, 

3. Mixed forests, 

4. Grassland and Shrubs.

The four seasons of Karnataka are: 

1. Summer season (March-May) 

2. The Rainy season (June – September) 

3. The period of Retreating Monsoons (October-November) 

4. The Winter season (December – February)

The wild animals in our forests are – tiger, leopards, boars, bison, stags, deer, bear, porcupines, etc.

1. Talakaveri.

2. Sharavati.

3. Mysuru.

4. Shivanasamudra.

5. the river Krishna.

Given =, refractive index of water w.r.t. air

air^μwater = 4/3

∴ refractive index of air w.r.t. water is:

water^μair = 1/air^μwater = 3/4 = 0.75

The highest refractive index is of  cold air.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a molecule of a compound. The value of electronegativity of an element describes the ability of its atom to compete for electrons with the other atom to which it is bonded. Electronegativity is however not the property of an isolated atom.

The presence of hydrogen ions |H+| imparts acidic nature to HCl.

Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → Zinc chloride + Hydrogen 

Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid → Sodium chloride + Water 

Sodium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid → Sodium chloride + Carbon dioxide + Water 

Calcium oxide + Hydrochloric acid → Calcium chloride + Water

1. active metal 

2. metallic hydroxide 

3. metallic carbonate / bicarbonate 

4. metallic sulphite 

5. metallic sulphide.

Hydrogen chloride (HCl).

On boiling the mixture evolves out the vapours of both acid and water in the same proportion as in the liquid. Hence dil HCl cannot be concentrated beyond a certain concentration.

Della made her small hair curly with the help of her curling irons. She put the frying pan on the stove to cook the chops. She put the fob chain in her hand and waited for Jim to come.

डेला ने बाल धुंघराले करने वाले यन्त्र से अपने बालों को धुंघराला बनाया। चॉप्स बनाने के लिए कड़ाही स्टोव पर रखी। उसने घड़ी की चैन अपने हाथ में ली और जिम के आने का इंतजार करने लगी।

No, the gifts were not useful to either of them.

1. I desperately wanted to give a gift to Jim for Christmas. 

2. I had very little money, Jim doesn’t earn much, and I try very hard to save whatever little I can by bargaining with all the sellers I have to deal with. 

3. I always knew that my long, beautiful hair was something even Jim was proud of. 

4. When I looked at myself in the mirror, I realized I could earn a little money by selling my hair. Anyway, the hair would grow back. 

5. When I finally got ready to step out of the house to sell my hair, I had second thoughts. I did not want to lose something so beautiful. But I had to do it. There was no other way to get money. And I had to present a gift to Jim for Christmas.

There was an ecstatic scream of joy when Della saw Jim’s gift to her. Then immediately, there was a quick change to hysterical tears and wails. She recalled how much she had yearned for them. She hugged them to her bosom, and at length, looked up with dim eyes and a smile and assured Jim that her hair would grow very fast.

1. He asked her, with an air of almost idiocy, whether she said that her hair was gone.

2. (1) (i) “Look to your left and right before crossing the road,” said the policeman, (verb) 

(ii) The woman gave the shopkeeper an angry look,(noun) 

3. The lion was terrified when it saw its reflection in the water.

Jim was dumb-struck upon seeing Della. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read.

She got $20 for her hair.

1. What is life made up of?

2. Who had spent many a happy hour planning something nice for him?

3. Where did her hair reach?

4. She has been ransacking the stores for Jim’s present.

5. When was the coffee made?

6. Who were the magi?

1. False
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. False

Correct option is  D) PbS

Correct option is  B) Pb

Correct option is  B) Mg

b. hydration energies of cations

(a) S < O < P < N (b) N < P < O < S (c) P < N < O < S

Let X = A+A’ 

X’ = (A+A’)’ 

= A’ + (A’)’ 

=A + A’ 

= X 

Therefore (A+A’) is symmetric matrix.

Let X = A-A’ 

X’ = (A-A’)’ 

= A’ - (A’)’ 

=A’ – A 

= -(A – A’) 

= -X 

Therefore (A-A’) is skew symmetric matrix.

Since the matrix is of order 3 so 3 will be taken common from each row or column. 

So, k = 27 

Tagging

(adj A) = │A│I

= 6\(\begin{pmatrix}1&0 \\0 &1\end{pmatrix}\)

= \(\begin{pmatrix}6&0 \\0 &6\end{pmatrix}\)

(adjA) = \( \begin{pmatrix} 8&0 \\ 0 &8 \end{pmatrix}\)

= 8 \( \begin{pmatrix} 1&0 \\ 0 &1 \end{pmatrix}\)

= │A│I 

│A│= 8.

The property states that 

adj(adj A) = |A|^n-2 . A 

Here n = 2 

adj(adj A) = |4|^3-2 . A 

= 4A

We know that (AB)^-1 = adj(AB)/ |AB|

adj (AB)= (AB)^-1 |AB|

We also know that (AB)^-1 = B^-1. A^-1 

|AB| = |A| |B|

Putting them in 1 

Adj (AB) = B^-1. A^-1. |A|.|B|

= (A^-1. |A|) (B^-1 |B|) 

= adj(A) adj(B) 

Since, adj (A)= (A)^-1 |A|

adj (B)= (B)^-1|B|

If A and B anticommute then AB = - BA

To find adj A we will first find the cofactor matrix 

C₁₁ = 3 C₁₂ = -1 

C₂₁= -5 C₂₂ = 2

Cofactor matrix A = \(\begin{pmatrix}3&-1 \\-5 &2\end{pmatrix}\)

Adj A = \(\begin{pmatrix}3&-1 \\-5 &2\end{pmatrix}\)

= \(\begin{pmatrix}3&-5 \\-1 &2\end{pmatrix}\)

A = \(\begin{pmatrix} cosθ&-sinθ \\ sinθ &cosθ \end{pmatrix}\)

│A│= cos²θ - (-sin²θ ) 

= cos²θ + (sin²θ ) = 1 ---------- (I) 

We know that A^-1= 1/|A| adj A 

= adj A [From I]

When we work in perfect uaifion we can make the world a better place.

Due to difference in Brahma Samaj, it was divided into two parts: 

1. Aadi Brahma Samaj (Devendranath Tagore) 

2. Bharat Ka Brahma Samaj (Keshav Chandra Sen).

Raja Ram Mohan Rai wrote ‘Gift of Monothiesť and ‘Precept of Jesus’.

Correct answer is (d) Edward Jenner

Birds use their nest to lay their eggs and bring up their young ones.

When we adopt the policy of Import Substitution. 

When we adopt the policy of Export Promotions.

Appreciation of currency refer when the value of foreign currency reduce with respect to domestic currency. It occurs in a free exchange market by the forces of demand and supply of currency.

Panchsheel, the five principles of peaceful co-existence signed in 1954.

Presently 12^th five – year plan is operational. Putting a final lid on the planning era, the Niti Aayog is gearing upto launch the three – year action plan.

Due to Indian initiatives, Indo-China relations improved. In 1954, India signed famous Panchsheel starting a new era of Indo-China friendship. But after 1957 some contentious issues had arisen between them: 

(i) Tibet Problem 

(ii) Border Issues 

(iii) Chinese Attack in 1962 

(iv) Chinese Assistance to Pakistan. 

Gradually, both the countries came together to develop harmonious relations between themselves: 

1. Attempt to normalize relations were restored by the exchange of ambassadors. 

2. Joint Working Group was set up by both the countries to resolve the border dispute. 

3. Both of them committed to reducing the forces on the Indo-China border. 

4. Indian and Chinese leadership and official visits with great frequency. 

5. Increasing transportation and communication links, common economic interests and global concerns.

In India, dense settlements are found in fertile plains of Ganga – Satluj, Plateau of Malwa and Vindhyachal, Valley of Narmda and plains of Rajashthan.