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Stomach joins the oesophagus with small intestine.

(C) Both A and B

D) Propulsion → Grinding → Retropulsion

Answer is (B) i and ii

(B) Adrenalin

(B) Intestinal juice

(B) Circular muscle

(B) Intelligence

Answer is (D) All

A. From 1988

Correct option is: A) epithelial cells

C. Latest technology

A. Corruption

People who are 18 years or above and cannot find work in spite of searching for a job come under the category of ‘unemployed’.

The main reasons for increase in unemployment are as under :

1. Introduction of technology in modern times has led to the burning problem of unemployment.

For e.g. the use of computers has made work faster and more accurate and machines have replaced human beings thus increasing unemployment.

2. Mechanization in agriculture has left many agricultural labourers unemployed. Such people migrate to the cities in search of work. So villages disintegrate and urban problems increase.

3. Education has increased and expanded its horizons but employment opportunities have not increased at the same rate. So the number of educated unemployed has increased.

A situation wherein people are deprived of basic necessities like food, clothing, shelter, education, medical facilities, employment, etc. is termed as ‘poverty’.

The Anti-Corruption Bureau helps people by checking and controlling corruption and by investigating the complaints of bribery it receives.

Answer is B. In 1964

To reduce and prevent corruption, the government set up the ‘Anti-Corruption Bureau’ in 1964. The government has also framed certain laws against corruption since 1988.

Giving and taking bribes or inappropriate gifts, double or under-the-table dealing, manipulating elections, diverting money and money laundering, etc. are some forms of corruption.

The government implemented the following plans to change the face of slums :

• Special residential complexes,
• Free education,
• Pure drinking water,
• Cleanliness,
• Mobile vans for professional medical treatment,
• Loans to encourage cottage industries and handicrafts and
• Nutritious food.

People who are 18 years or above and cannot find work in spite of searching for a job fall in the category of ‘unemployed’.

The Message of the Anti-Corruption Bureau is that Accepting and offering bribes, both are crimes’.

Terrorism is an inhuman act carried out by a certain group of people in a planned manner by resorting to bullying, killing or torturing innocent people. They carry out these dastardly acts to fulfil their political or religious dreams.

The benefits of 5-year plans are :

1. Education and medical facilities have more accessible.

2. Growth of industries has created many jobs.

3. Poverty has reduced.

4. Integration of technology in agriculture has increased the incomes of farmers also.

1. population explosion

2. inflation

3. global

A. Inflation

Anabolic process- Photosynthesis (Biosynthetic process). 

Caiabolic process- Respiration (Breakdown process).

1. BCG 

2. Rabies

Correct answer is D.

Mendel’s work was re-discovered by Hugo De Vries (Holland), Correns (Germany) and Tschermark (Austria).

Blood group and its inheritance:

Correct answer is

(B) Experiments in Plant Hybridization

Correct answer is D.

Mendel observed many variable characters in pea plant like short life span so that he could study more generations in a short duration. Pea plant produced many seeds, so he could grow thousands of pea plants. There were no intermediate characters. Large flowers would help in easy hybridization.

Correct answer is

(D) all of the above

Correct answer is

(D) Mendel

Required list is given below:

Correct answer is B.

Mendel was sent to University of Vienna for higher studies in physics, mathematics and natural sciences.

Types of RNA

Correct answer is

(B) Austria

Tissue culture is a technique of growing new plants from cells or tissue from the growing tip of already existing plant, in an artificial medium. 

The process of tissue culture is as follows: 

1. Cells or tissue from the growing tip of a plant are removed or separated. 

2. These cells are placed in an artificial medium, where they divide to form a group of cells called callus. 

3. The callus is then transferred to a medium, which has hormones for growth and differentiation. 

4. This results in growth of small plantlets, which are then placed in the soil to grow into mature plants. 

This technique is finding its application in the propagation of ornamental plants, or for growth of plants from a single parent, in disease-free condition.

Correct answer is

(B) Johann Mendel

(B) Tt

When a tall pea plant is crossed with a short pea plant to obtain a ratio 1 : 1, the genotype of the tall pea plant is Tt.

(C) RrTt × RrTt

The ratio produced is 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 which is also called the “dihybrid” ratio. Therefore, the genotype of the parents should be RrTt. (i.e. heterozygous for both the genes.)

Correct answer is C.

The characters that Mendel chose for experiments were passed down to next generations. Mendel suggested that these characters are governed by factors, which are passed on to next generations. These hereditary factors are now known as genes.

Correct answer is B.

Gene is a particular segment of DNA which is responsible for the inheritance and expression of a particular character.

Correct answer is

(B) trait

Sense of touch: Skin is the sensory organ for touch and is also the largest sense organ. Our sense of touch allows us to feel light sensation like the touch of a feather as well as a heavy sensation like a stone falling on the toe. These sensations come from millions of microscopic simple sensory receptors located all over the skin and associated with the general sensations of contact or pressure, heat, cold, and pain. The receptors are located at different levels within the skin and distributed unevenly. Some parts of the body have a large number of these such as the finger tips, making them more sensitive. Structurally, these touch receptors are either free dendritic endings or encapsulated dendritic endings present in the skin (and other parts of the body). When stimulated, these transmit the sensation to the brain. 

Given below is a list of some of these receptors present in the skin:

(i) Free or bare dendritic nerve endings are present throughout the epidermis taking an extensive branching or "zigzag" form. These respond chiefly to pain and temperature but some respond to pressure as well. The root hair plexuses, network of free nerve endings that surround hair follicles, are light touch receptors that detect bending of hairs. 

(ii) Meissner's corpuscles are located in the papillary layer of the dermis just below the epidermis, which respond to touch our skin. 

(iii) Pacinian corpuscles are scattered deep in the dermis and in the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. These are stimulated by deep pressure. These receptors are best suited to monitor vibrations, on-off pressure. 

(iv) Ruffini's corpuscles respond to heat. 

(v) Krause's corpuscles are excited by cold and are found in large numbers in the face and hands.