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False. Akbar did tell his courtiers that someone had pulled his moustache. But it was his grandson who had lovingly pulled his moustache and Akbar did not have any intention of punishing him.

Correct answer is (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)

The rainy season is the hardest season in my locality. The poor and homeless people are without a roof and have to remain wet and , huddled under some shelter for hours. They do not have proper shelter, clothes, food and drinking water. This is a season which brings in a lot of sicknesses, which if not treated could be fatal. Medical help is also necessary for them in this season which is difficult for them to get.

What peace and happiness filled the room!

Yes, Papa Panov believed in his dream. He imagined Jesus visiting him in the form of a little baby or a grown up man or a carpenter or as God’s son.

Papa Panov noticed that the young girl with a baby was weary and hungry. He invited her to his home. He noticed that the baby’s feet were bare and the mother could not afford shohes for her child. He decided to give the little shoes he had kept for jesus, to the little baby because he was a very kind-hearted person and could not see them in difficulty.

I am unable to afford the shoes.

1. I no one was stirring yet.

2. letting in a thin stream of cold air.

3. gently in the heat of the stove

4. every now and then his eyes strayed to the window.

The sounds of happiness, the bright lights and the faint but delicious smells of Christmas cooking reminded Papa Panov of his happy past Christmas times.

When Papa Panov took down his shutters and looked out, all he saw was the road sweeper looking miserable and dirty working on Christmas Day, in the raw cold and bitter freezing mist which made him give the sweeper a hot cup of coffee to make him feel better.

It’s Christmas Day, isn’t it?

By the time dusk had fallen, Papa Panov had stopped looking out for Jesus.

Papa Panov saw the sweeper, the young mother and the beggars twice, once during the day and once at night.

Jesus had visited Papa Panov only once on Christmas Eve and several times on Christmas day.

In the little village, although it is afternoon, lights begin to appear in the shops and houses, indicating that it is Christmas time.

No, Papa Panov’s shop was his home.

Papa Panov was a kind and humble shoe-maker. He lived in a village in Russia. He was a cheerful man,who lived alone. He was widower and his grown up children had left home to seek their fortune. He has loved by his villagers. He was a happy man with laughter wrinkles on his face indicating his happy life.

He was quite old and had weak eyesight which made him wear spectacles. He earned a decent living. we come to know of this because he helped people in distress. He seems to be a god fearing and pious man because he not only dreamnt of God in his dreams but also spoke to him. Thpugh he was lonely he brightened himeself up by helping people when needed.

We can sum these qualities of Papa Panov as being a wonderful human being with a golden heart. He is filled with humaneness, empathy, selflessness and love for mankind making him God’s beloved creature.

1. know

2. deer

3. here

4. vent

5. pear, pare

6. new

7. threw

8. sole

9. hole

Examples for homophones along with the prior:

1. steel-steal

2. read – red

3. see – sea

4. eves – ice

5. air – heir

6. meet – meat

7. grown – groan

8. would – wood

9. great – grate

Blast, the rest are describing words.

If we have tried but not won, we should never stop for crying or feel dejected about the same.

‘Rise each time you fall, never give up’ would be the advice the poet would give my friend. While riding a bicycle or acquiring any new skills, we are bound to fall or face disappointments. The poet would advise him to be patient and rise stronger and achieve what he has set out to achieve with determination and resilience.

I was a very good cricketer. But on a couple of occasions, I got a feeling that my team failed due to my poor performance. I stopped pursuing the game, but today I regret my decision. I realised very late that: ‘A quitter never wins and a winner never quits’.

Young, sturdy

Young birds and the oak tree.

She has risen again and grown, Loftier and prouder’.

The young birds fall as they try to fly.

According to the poet, all that’s great and good is done just by trying, with patience and determination till we achieve our goal.

The central idea of the poem is that we should never give up and be patient in the face of failures as we continue to keep trying. Failures are bound to occur. We should not lose heart and stop trying but gain victory from defeat with our willpower and our determination.

Our Father of the Nation, Mahatma Gandhi, did not give up or buckle under pressure in our struggle for independence. Finally, due to his relentless efforts and determination, we became free from the British rule and became an independent nation.

Yes. I agree with the maxim: ‘Try, try till you succeed’. We should remember that ‘A quitter never wins and winner never quits’. People like Mahatma Gandhi, Sachin Tendulkar, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and others have proved the above maxim to be right, with their life and work. We should remember that disappointments and failures are bound to occur in our journey to succeed, but we should never lose heart. We should keep trying patiently till we accomplish our goal.

You’ve (It stands for you have)

This sentence was said by the author to the girl (selling baskets).

This sentence was said by the girl (selling baskets) to the author.

1. While buying the basket, the author wanted to touch the girl’s fingers, but he could not do so.

This was said by the girl (selling baskets) to the author.

The poem has a very calm and relaxing tone. The reader may picture a person physically going to this place called Innisfree but the narrator of the poem is visiting this place in his imagination. It helps him to relax and escape the rush of modern living.

The poem focuses on Innisfree as a place of escape for the speaker. The speaker describes Innisfree as a simple, natural environment where he will build a cabin and live alone. ‘The Lake Isle of Innisfree’ expresses the idea that nature provides an inherently restorative place to which human beings can go to escape the chaos and corrupting influences of civilization.

In this poem, the speaker/Yeats longs to live in the simplicity of nature, with no extraneous distractions of city life or the superfluous habits, customs, and daily routines of an increasingly fast-paced, modern world. The speaker is only dreaming of ‘getting away from it all. Even if he never goes, he will at least have the mental escape.

This is the saving grace; even if he cannot get out of the city, he can imagine the escape as he can hear the lake water lapping even while standing on the pavement in the city. There is another appeal/implication that one can never go back to the past place of nostalgia and youth, but through imagination and reflection, one can always have the mental escape and memory of another time and place.

If a body covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be in uniform motion.

Uniform Motion:

Definition: This type of motion is defined as the motion of an object in which the object travels in a straight line and its velocity remains constant along that line as it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, irrespective of the duration of the time.

Non Uniform Motion:

Definition: This type of motion is defined as the motion of an object in which the object travels with varied speed and it does not cover same distance in equal time intervals, irrespective of the time interval duration.

Throughout the poem, Yeats uses a variety of imaginative phrases to capture the essence of the Lake Isle. He brings the island to life by referring to the different birds and insects there. He comments on how “the cricket sings” and refers to “linnet’s wings”. This gives a sense of energy on the island and reminds us of what a natural place it is.

The line “and live alone in the bee-loud glade” correctly captures the point that Yeats is trying to make about the island. It is an isolated place, where he can enjoy the solitude. In the second stanza of the poem, Yeats describes how the light changes on the island throughout the day. He tells us that “noon’s a purple glow”. This light brings the entire lake Isle to life.

Finally, Yeats manages to capture the sounds of the island. He tells us that he can hear “water lapping with low sounds by the shore”. Yeats uses alliteration to recreate the sounds. By repeating the letter “I” so many times, we get a sense of the slow and gentle movement of the water.

The tale of the brave Bishnois is a saga of sacrifice to save their sacred heritage. 363 Bishnois laid down their lives. But they didn’t allow the Diwan and his workers to touch their trees till they were cut down with them.High morals and selfless sacrifices bend down even the mighty rules.

बहादुर बिश्नोइयों की कहानी अपनी पवित्र विरासत की रक्षा हेतु बलिदान देने वालों का आख्यान है। 363 बिश्नोइयों ने अपने प्राणों की आहुति दे दी किंतु उन्होंने दीवान तथा उसके आदमियों को तब तक पेड़ों को छूने की अनुमति नहीं दी जब तक कि वे उनके साथ कट नहीं गए। उच्च नैतिकता तथा नि:स्वार्थ त्याग के सामने शक्तिशाली शासक को भी झुकना पड़ा।

Abhay Singh realised that his might could not subdue the high morals and sacrifices of the Bishnois. He himself rode to Khejadali and presented a copper plate to the Bishnois. It contained a a written promise that he would respect the principles of their religion in future. No green tree would be cut down and no animal be hunted near any Bishnoi village

अभय सिंह ने यह महसूस किया कि उन्हें बिश्नोइयों के उच्च नैतिक मूल्यों तथा त्याग का दमन नहीं करना चाहिए था। वह स्वयं खेजड़ी गाँव गए तथा विश्नोइयों को एक ताँबे का प्लेट प्रदान किया। इसमें यह लिखित आश्वासन दिया था कि उनके धार्मिक सिद्धांतों का भविष्य में पूरा सम्मान करेगा। बिश्नोई गाँव के निकट किसी भी वृक्ष को काटा नहीं जाएगा तथा बिश्नोई गाँव के आसपास किसी जानवर का शिकार नहीं किया जाएगा।

1.→ T,

2.→ T,

3.→ T,

4.→ F,

5.→ T,

6.→ T

The Diwan of Abhay Singh himself rode to Khejadali. He ordered his men to cut down the trees for fuel to the lime kilns. The Bishnois were determined. Amritadevi along with her three daughters continued clasping the trees till they were cut down with then. When Bishnois of the surrounding villages come to know of the massacre, they came in large numbers to help their brave brothers and sisters. 363 people laid down their lives to save their sacred heritage.

अभय सिंह का दीवान स्वयं खेजड़ी गाँव आया। उसने चूने की भट्ठी हेतु ईंधन के लिए वृक्षों को काटने का निर्देश अपने आदमियों को दिया। किंतु बिश्नोई दृढ़-संकल्पित थे। अमृता देवी अपनी तीन पुत्रियों के साथ पेड़ों को तब तक अपने आलिंगन में लिए रहीं, जब तक वह उनके साथ कट नहीं गईं। जब आसपास के गाँवों के बिश्नोई को इस बात की खबर मिली तो बड़ी संख्या में वे अपने बहादुर भाई-बहनों की सहायता हेतु पहुँचे। अपनी पवित्र विरासत की रक्षा हेतु 363 लोगों ने अपनी जान दे दी।

Can we imagine the kind of life on the planet earth without trees and forests? Trees, forests and green belts are lungs and life-lines of the environment. Trees and forests help to maintain ecology and the environment of the world. They bring rain. All the green belts and great forests of the world have heavy rainfall. Those parts where there is no greenery and forests have turned into deserts. The Sahara, and the Thar turned into deserts due to lack of greenery and forests. Trees help a lot to avoid soil erosion. Trees keep the soil intact. They are essential for our life. They give out oxygen, so necessary for life. They have been providing fruits and fuel for the tribals. It is so sad that slowly but surely this world is inching towards becoming a vast treeless and barren desert. If we want to avoid it,we should grow more and more trees.

हमें अपने गृह पृथ्वी को बिना पेड़ और जंगल के नहीं सोच सकते! वृक्ष और जंगल हमारे वातावरण के फेफड़े और जीवन हैं। जंगल और वृक्ष पर्यावरण और परिस्थिति को संतुलित करते हैं। ये वर्षा लाते हैं। संसार के सभी हरे-भरे जंगलों में भारी वर्षा होती है। जिन जगहों पर हरियाली नहीं है, वह जंगल मरुस्थल में बदल जाते हैं। सहारा और थार मरुस्थल हरियाली की कमी के कारण मरुस्थल में बदल गए। वृक्ष मिट्टी के कटाव को रोकते हैं। वृक्ष मिट्टी को अक्षुण्ण रखते हैं। ये हमारे लिए अनिवार्य हैं। ये ऑक्सीजन छोड़ते हैं जो कि हमारे जीवन के लिए जरूरी है। ये आदिवासियों को फल और ईंधन देते हैं। नि:संदेह यह बड़े दुख की बात है कि हमारा संसार धीरे-धीरे वृक्षरहित मरुस्थल बनता रहा है। अगर हम इसे बचाना चाहते हैं तो हमें अधिक से अधिक वृक्ष लगाने चाहिए।

The religious guru of Bishnois was Jambaji. His message included twenty nine basic tenets. Prohibition against the cutting down of any green tree or the killing of any animal were the main two commandments. The followers of Jambaji were called Bishnois. They were also called twenty-niners (bis = 20 and noi = 9). They were called so as they followed twenty-nine precepts laid down by Jambaji.

बिश्नोइयों के धार्मिक गुरु जंबाजी थे। उनके संदेशों में 29 सिद्धांत शामिल हैं। किसी भी हरे वृक्ष को नहीं काटना तथा किसी भी जीव की हत्या नहीं करना उनके दो मुख्य धर्मादेश थे। जंबाजी के अनुयायी बिश्नोई कहे गए। इन्हें twenty-niners (bis = 20 and noi = 9) कहा गया। वे इसलिए बिश्नोई कहलाए, क्योंकि उन्होंने जंबाजी के 29 नीति उपदेशों का अनुसरण किया।

1. They don’t allow khejdi trees to be cut in Rajasthan.

Or

Rajasthan doesn’t allow Khejdi trees to be cut.

2. Grazing animals have ravaged the green cover of the Indian sub-continent.

3. The could not cow the Bishnois.

4. They called Jambhaji’s followers Bishnois.

5. He painted the door green.

6. Who teaches you English?

7. They have given him the task of looking after his puppy.

1. He has been appointed monitor by the teacher.

2. The door is was opened by me.

3. The box can be lifted by him.

4. Why an I suspected by you?

5. Is he being offered a chair by them?

6. Who is liked most by you?

7. By whom was Macbeth written?

8. Let this question be put to him.

9. Let the way be shown to him.

10. Let she not be teased.

11. Let a suitable reply be given to him.

12. Has the police be informed?

13. It was believed that the movement was a failure.

14. It is thought that the government is working well.

The famous red sandstone of Jodhpur was found in the surrounding areas of Marwar. The red sandstone needed a lot of lime to treat it. Limestone could not be used in the rough form. It had to be cured. The limestone was cured in the lime kilns.

मारवाड़ के आसपास के क्षेत्रों में जोधपुर के प्रख्यात लाल रेतीले पत्थर पाए जाते थे। जोधपुर के शासक को बड़ी संख्या में लाल रेलीले पत्थरों की आवश्यकता थी। चूने-पत्थर को कच्चे रूप में प्रयोग नहीं किया जा सकता। इसे अभिसाधित करना होता है। चूना-पत्थर भट्ठियों में अभिसोधित होता है।