Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

1. We use stop clocks in the laboratory to measure time taken for completion of chemical reactions, time taken by the pendulum for one oscillation etc. 

2. Apart from this, they also help us to measure the time in races and games very accurately even to the extent of fraction of seconds. 

3. Now-a-days, we use electronic clocks, digital clocks, and stop clocks in mobile phones to measure time. 

4. Stop clocks are used to measure shorter time intervals between two events accurately.

The change in position of an object is called displacement. It is the shortest distance between the starting and final positions.

Displacement : The change in position of an object is called displacement. It is the shortest distance between the starting and final positions.

The correct option is C) Cycle chain.

The correct option is B) Rotatory motion.

Axis of Rotation : The imaginary line passing through the fixed centre around which the parts of the objects move in a curved path during rotatory motion is called axis of rotation.

The imaginary line passing through the fixed centre around which the parts of the objects move in a curved path during rotatory motion is called axis of rotation.

Axis of rotation: An imaginary line passing through the fixed point of rotatory motion.

1. Average speed = Total distance travelled / Total time taken to travel the distance. 

2. Thus we can define speed of an object as the distance travelled by it in a unit of time. 

Average speed: Speed of an object as the distance travelled by it in a unit of time.

The boy cried easily and told that little things were of no importance because the fear of death was removed from his mind.

लड़का आसानी से चिल्लाता था और बताता था कि छोटी चीजों का कोई महत्त्व नहीं था क्योंकि मृत्यु का भये उसके दिमाग से हट गया था।

The father recognized that his son was ill because he was shivering and his face had turned white and he was walking slowly. It seemed as if he was feeling ache. He was in miserable condition and was sitting by the fire in order to make him warm. These were the indications which made his father clear that his son was ill.

पिता ने पहचाना कि उसका पुत्र बीमार था क्योंकि वह काँप रहा था तथा उसका चेहरा सफेद हो चुका था और वह धीरे-धीरे चल रहा था। ऐसा लग रहा था जैसे उसे दर्द हो रहा हो। वह तकलीफ की दशा में था तथा स्वयं को गर्म रखने के लिए आग के पास में बैठा हुआ था। ये वे संकेत थे जिससे पिता को स्पष्ट हुआ कि उसका पुत्र बीमार था।

The boy was waiting for his death.

लड़का अपनी मृत्यु का इंतजार कर रहा था।

The boy thought that he was going to die because he had wrong information about the measurement of the thermometer. He had been told by his friends when he was in school that no-one can remain alive at the temperature of forty four degree. The boy considered the fundamental correct. When he became the victim of fever and the doctor measured the temperature of his body with thermometer and told that it was one hundred and two degree. According to the opinion of the boy, it was very much than the figure of at it was clear that he must die and the treatment of the doctor was not effective and the temperature of his body was not reducing. In this way the boy became sure that it was his last time and he would die very soon.

लड़के ने सोचा कि वह मरने वाला था क्योंकि उसके पास तापमापी के माप के सम्बन्ध में गलत जानकारी थी। उसे उसके दोस्तों के द्वारा बताया गया था, जब वह स्कूल में था कि कोई भी व्यक्ति चवालीस डिग्री तापमान पर जीवित नहीं रह सकता है। लड़का इस सिद्धान्त को सही मानता था। जब वह बुखार का शिकार हुआ तब डॉक्टर ने उसके शरीर के तापमान को तापमापी से नापा तथा बताया कि यह एक सौ दो डिग्री था। लड़के के विचार के अनुसार यह चवालीस के अंक से बहुत ज्यादा था। इसलिए यह स्पष्ट था कि वह निश्चित रूप से मरेगा तथा डॉक्टर का इलाज भी प्रभावशाली नहीं था। उसके शरीर को तापमान कम नहीं हो रहा था। इस तरह लड़के को। पक्का विश्वास हो गया कि यह उसका अंतिम समय था और वह जल्दी ही मर जाएगा।

The boy felt perfect relax in his heart and mind and realised that his information was incorrect so that he asked his father whether he was sure about the fundamental of the measurement of thermometer.

लड़के ने अपने दिल व दिमाग में पूर्ण राहत महसूस की तथा महसूस किया कि उसकी सूचना गलत थी। इसलिए उसने अपने पिता से पूछा कि क्या वह तापमापी के माप के सिद्धान्त के बारे में पूर्ण रूप से संशयरहित है।

The medicines were prescribed for bring down the fever, another was a purgative and the third was to overcome an acid condition.

दवाइयाँ बुखार कम करने के लिए तथा दूसरी आंतों को साफ करने वाली थी तथा तीसरी अम्ल को नियन्त्रण करने के लिए थी।

According to the opinion of the doctor the condition of the boy was not serious. He was the victim of germs influenza which exists in an acid condition. The temperature of his body was one hundred and two which was not critical. This was a light epidemic of flu and there was no danger because the temperature of his body was below than one hundred and four.

डॉक्टर के विचार से लड़के की हालत गंभीर नहीं थी। वह जीवाणुओं के संक्रमण का शिकार था, जो कि अम्लीय हालात में उत्पन्न होते हैं। उसके शरीर का तापमान एक सौ दो डिग्री था, जो कि चिंताजनक नहीं था। यह एक हल्का संक्रमण था और इससे कोई खतरा नहीं था, क्योंकि उसके शरीर का तापमान एक सौ चार डिग्री से कम था।

In this story we find great relationship between father and son. Both love each other very much. When the father knows that his son is sick and his body is burning with fever, he advises him to go to bed and not go outside because it was very cold weather. He called the doctor and gave the medicine to the boy according to the prescription of the doctor.

He sat on the bed of the boy and began to read a story of pirates for him in order to entertain and divert his attention from fever to make him please. In this same way the boy insisted his father to go outside from the room and get relax because he knew that his disease could make his father unwell. It shows great love and regard of a son for his father. In this way we find great love and perfect understanding between the father and son which is the mark of dedication for each other.

इस कहानी में हमें पिता-पुत्र के बीच में एक मुहीन सम्बन्ध मिलता है। दोनों एक-दूसरे को बहुत अधिक प्रेम करते हैं। जब पिता को पता चलता है कि उसका बेटा बीमार है तथा उसका शरीर बुखार से जल रहा है तो वह उसे बिस्तर में जाने की सलाह देता है और उसे बाहर जाने से मना करता है क्योंकि मौसम बहुत ठंडा था। उसने डॉक्टर को बुलाया तथा डॉक्टर की सलाह के अनुसार उसे दवाई दी। वह लड़के के बिस्तर पर बैठ गया तथा उसका मनोरंजन करने के लिये, बुखार से उसका ध्यान हटाने के लिये तथा उसे खुश करने के लिये समुद्री डाकुओं की एक कहानी पढ़ने लगा।

इसी तरह पुत्र ने अपने पिता को कमरे से बाहर जाने के लिए तथा आराम करने के लिए बाध्य किया क्योंकि वह जानता था कि उसकी बीमारी उसके पिता को भी अस्वस्थ बना सकती थी। यह एक पुत्र का पिता के प्रति गहरा प्रेम व सम्मान को दर्शाता है। इस तरह हमें महान प्रेम व पूर्ण समझदारी पिता व पुत्र के बीच देखने को मिलती है जो कि एक-दूसरे के प्रति समर्पण की प्रतीक है।

The title of the story A Day’s Wait delivers a great message. The narrator says if a person knows about his death which is certain, it becomes the most difficult job to wait for it for even a day. The day becomes too large and difficult to pass and it gives terrible panic and hopelessness to the person who is told that within twenty four hours he shall die. Such as A Day’s Wait for the boy becomes complicated and has changed him entirely and it sinks him in the ocean of sorrow.

कहानी का शीर्षक महत्त्वपूर्ण संदेश देता है। लेखक कहता है यदि एक व्यक्ति यह जान लेता है कि उसकी मृत्यु निश्चित है तब एक दिन के लिए उसका इंतजार करना सबसे कठिन कार्य हो जाता है तथा एक दिन गुजारना बहुत लम्बा व मुश्किल हो जाता है तथा यह व्यक्ति को भयंकर दु:ख व निराशा देता है। जिसे बताया जाता है कि चौबीस घंटों में घह निश्चित रूप से मर जाएगा। जैसे कि लड़के के लिए एक दिन का इन्तजार बहुत मुश्किल हो जाता है तथा यह उसे पूर्णरूप से बदल देता है तथा उसे दु:ख के समुद्र में डुबो देता।

It was very tough to shoot the covey of quail because there was layer of snow on the ground and the most of the quails had hidden themselves in the bushes which were covered with snow and it was difficult to jump and balance upon the bushes to bring them out and shoot.

छोटी चिड़ियों के समूह का शिकार करना बहुत मुश्किल था क्योंकि भूमि पर बर्फ की परत बिछी हुई थी तथा अधिकतर चिड़ियाँ झाड़ियों के अन्दर छुप गई थीं जो कि बर्फ से ढकी हुई थीं तथा उन पर कूदना व संतुलन बनाना तथा चिड़ियों को बाहर निकालकर निशाना लगाना बहुत मुश्किल था।

The father faced difficulty in shooting of the quails because there was complete layer of snow on the ground and it was very difficult to walk upon the slippery surface of the snow and balance to shoot at the birds and the most of the birds had hidden inside the snow covered bushes. It was difficult to jump upon the heap of snow covered bushes and bring the quails out to shoot them. During the shooting his gun had slipped from his hand and he had to manage to shoot a few of them.

पिता को भूरी चिड़ियाओं (बटेर) के शिकार में कठिनाई हुई क्योंकि भूमि पर बर्फ की परत जमी हुई थी तथा उस फिसलन वाली सतह पर चलना तथा संतुलन बनाना बड़ा मुश्किल काम था तथा अधिकतर पक्षी बर्फ से ढकी हुई झाड़ियों में छुप गए थे। बर्फ से ढेर बनी झाड़ियों पर कूदना तथा उन्हें बाहर निकालना तथा उन पर निशाना लगाना मुश्किल काम था। शिकार के दौरान उसकी बंदूक उसके हाथ से फिसल गई थी और वह कुछ पक्षियों का ही शिकार कर सका था।

In fact the medicines were effecting and improving the physical condition of the boy gradually but they were not proving successful to recover effectively because mentally the boy was not ready to accept the treatment because he was afraid that he would die very soon and the temperature of his body had crossed critical point and nothing could save him. It means the negative views of the boy had proved the medicine ineffective. So that it were not effecting to his body.

वास्तव में दवाइयाँ प्रभाव कर रही थीं तथा लड़के की शारीरिक दशा में धीरे-धीरे सुधार हो रहा था। लेकिन ये उसे प्रभावशाली तरीके से सुधारने में सफल नहीं हो रही थीं क्योंकि लड़का मानसिक रूप से इलाज को स्वीकार करने के लिए तैयार नहीं था क्योंकि उसे डर था कि वह जल्दी ही मर जाएगा तथा उसके शरीर का तापमान खतरनाक बिन्दु को पार कर चुका था और अब उसे कोई नहीं बचा सकता। कहने का आशय यह है कि लड़के की नकारात्मक विचारधारा दवाइयों को अप्रभावशाली सिद्ध कर चुकी थीं। इसलिए ये उसके शरीर को प्रभावित नहीं कर रही थीं।

In this story the narrator delivers an important message to the human being that insufficient knowledge is harmful and it may be the cause of great trouble in our life. Such as the knowledge of the measurement of the thermometer proved terrible for the boy because he had insufficient knowledge and it created trouble in his life. If his father did not clear his concept of right measurement, he would die certainly. So we must not think about anything in a particular puint of view.

इस कहानी में लेखक मानव को एक महत्त्वपूर्ण संदेश देता है कि अपर्याप्त ज्ञान हानिकारक होता है और यह हमारे जीवन में बड़ी समस्या का कारण बन सकता है जैसे कि थर्मामीटर की नाप का ज्ञान लड़के के लिए भयानक सिद्ध होता है क्योंकि उसके पास अधूरी जानकारी थी तथा इसने उसके जीवन में समस्या पैदा कर दी। यदि उसका पिता सही नाप का सिद्धान्त स्पष्ट नहीं करता तो वह निश्चित रूप से मर जाता। इसलिए हमें किसी भी चीज के बारे में एक विशेष दृष्टिकोण से नहीं सोचना चाहिए।

The boy was not interested to take the medicine because he knew very well that the temperature of his body was very high and it was no use of taking medicine because he was going to die and the prescribed medicines of the doctor were not showing any effect.

लड़का दवाई लेने में रुचि नहीं दिखा रहा था क्योंकि वह अच्छी तरह से जानता था कि उसके शरीर का तापमान बहुत अधिक था तथा दवाई लेने का कोई फायदा नहीं था क्योंकि वह मरने वाला था तथा डॉक्टर के द्वारा बताई गई दवा कोई फायदा नहीं कर रही थी।

The weather was cold and wet outside of the house. It was raining and snow was falling. There was a layer of snow on the ground. The trees were bare and the bushes were covered with snow. Although the day was bright but cool wind was blowing. There was complete slippery on the ground.

घर के बाहर मौसम ठण्डा व गीला था। वर्षा हो रही थी तथा बर्फ गिर रही थी। भूमि पर बर्फ की परत बिछी हुई थी। पेड़ों पर पत्तियाँ नहीं थीं तथा झाड़ियाँ बर्फ से ढकी हुई थीं। हालांकि दिन चमकदार था लेकिन ठंडी हवा चल रही थी। धरती पर पूर्ण फिसलन बनी हुई थी।

If we use the electrical heater to heat water electrical energy is converted to heat.

In solar heaters, solar energy is converted to heat.

Temperature is a measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object.

The energy which makes an object appear hot or cold is called heat.

(b) He wanted his father to go out.

Heat flows from an object at a high temperature to another at a lower temperature.

Doctors use a clinical thermometer to measure the human body temperature.

1. Are you not able to see near objects or far objects? 

2. Are you not able to see both near and far objects?

Clinical thermometer: A thermometer is used to measure body temperature, especially a small glass thermometer designed with a narrowing above the bulb so that the mercury column stays in position when the instrument is removed from the body.

• I have a thin wooden piece. 
• It has graphite in it.

Peter van Daan was the teenage son of the van Daans, whose real name was Peter van Pels. Anne first saw Peter as obnoxious, lazy, and hypersensitive, but later they both became close friends. Peter was a quiet, timid and honest boy who was sweet to Anne. During their time in the annexe, Anne and Peter developed a romantic attraction, but he failed to express his love openly. He liked reading books and especially if they were meant for adult reading. Once he hid in the loft to read one such book and got so engrossed in reading that he forgot to come down for dinner. His father came up to call him and hit him hard when he found him reading the book. He was refused dinner that night which he resented. He didn’t like his parents’ authoritative nature, but being shy, he never told them about it. He got emotionally alienated from them.

At a later stage, he expressed his desire to become a criminal. Anne disapproved of it. She realised that he wanted to be successful but did not want to work hard for it. He was forced to take part in the ‘death march’ and died on 5th May 1945. 

Anne’s feelings about the annexe constantly kept on changing. Most of the time, Anne felt that she and her family were fortunate to have the annexe as a place to hide. She valued the kindness and generosity of her father’s nonJewish colleagues who risked their lives to provide them with food and supplies.

However, Anne often felt bad about the miserable physical and emotional conditions in the annexe, and the confinement bothered her. She missed being able to see nature and the sky, Anne had to live with eight people under severe conditions. She had no privacy, dealt with clashing personalities, and lived in the fear of being discovered. Most of all, she felt lonely since she had no companions besides Peter in the annexe in whom she could confide.

However, when Anne compared her deprived freedom to that of her Jewish friends and family members who had probably been arrested and sent to concentration camps, such as her friend Hanneli, she was extremely thankful to be still alive. 

Value points :

• Peter Van Daan is shy, inarticulate and awkward

• Cannot assert himself

• Gets convinced by others

• Lazy

• Hardly a person worth Anne’s notice

• Desperately in need of affection

• Suffered form inferiority complex

• Not developed much in the two years he spent in the Annexe.

Detailed Answer :

Peter Van Daan was the teenage son of the van Daans, whose real name was Peter Van Pels. Anne first saw Peter as obnoxious, lazy, and hypersensitive, but later they both became close friend. Peter was a quiet, timid and honest boy and he was sweet to Anne. He was shy, inarticulate and awkward in his behaviour. He could not assert himself and got convinced by others. During their time in the annexe, Anne and Peter developed a romantic attraction. Though he was extremely lazy and hardly able to be noticed by Anne. He was desperately in need of affection because he suffers from inferiority complex. He was very fond of reading books, especially if they were meant for adult reading. Once he hid in the loft to read one such book and became so engrossed in reading that the forgot to come down for dinner. His father came up to call him and hit him hard when he found him reading the book. he was refused dinner that night. He did not like it when his parents scolded him. Sometimes he reacted as well. As a result he became emotionally detached from them. Though, he could not develop much in the two years he spent in the Annexe.

Value Points :

Hanukkah and St. Nicholas Day celebrated with enthusiasm, Anne's father quietly made some arrangements with the help of his employees, each character manages to snatch some moments of hope and happiness, Mr. van Daan made a menorah out of wood, gifts were exchanged and candles were lighted.

Detailed Answer :

Amongst all the tension and stress, arrived Hanukkah and St. Nicholas Day. These were celebrated with great enthusiasm. Both the festivals fell on the same day. Anne’s father quietly made some arrangements with the help of his employees. They all had fun on that day and each character managed to snatch some moments of hope and happiness. Mr. van Daan made a menorah out of wood. Everyone exchanged gifts. Candles were lighted but only for ten minutes as the candles were in short supply. To sum up, each and every member participated in the celebration of Hanukkah and St. Nicholas Day in his or her own way.

Living through the fears of war was a terrible thing. All the residents got tired of the atmosphere of horror all the time. With the result that they didn’t dare open their mouths except at mealtimes because no matter whatever one of them said, somebody was bound to feel resentment or take it the wrong way. Even Anne had to fight the anxiety and depression that was settling into her life. They had almost forgotten how to laugh. Another fact that made their life miserable was that Mr. van Maaren, the man who worked in the warehouse had become suspicious about the annexe. He was a man known to be unreliable and possessed a high degree of curiosity. All these situations kept the habitants of the annexe under tension affecting their everyday life.

Value points :

• Conditions worsened day by day during the war

• Half a pound of coffee cost eighty guilders

• Lot of trading in the black market

• Long queues for vegetables and all kinds of goods

• Break-ins, murders, thefts, swindling -daily occurrences

• Doctors could not visit patients.

• Cars and bikes were stolen.

• Never left homes for fear of things being stolen

• Police and night watchmen were getting alert.

• Space crunch and no family time.

Detailed Answer :

Kitty, Anne’s dairy reveals a lot about the prevailing economic and social conditions which were worsening day by day during the war. Burglaries, thefts, breaking were all very common. There was scarcity of eatables which made people stand in queues for vegetables and other kinds of goods. Little children used to break the windows to steal whatever they could lay their hand on. People ware torn and worn out clothes as they didn’t have proper clothes. Men were being shipped off to Germany. People wore falling ill but the doctors could not attend them because their vehicles used to get stolen the moment they turned their backs. Children were under nourished or sick in the absence of proper food There was chaos everywhere. Prices of various things had risen. Black-marketing was in full swing. Even the policeman and night watchmen had got into the acts of thefts and burglaries due to scarcity. Wages had been frozen so almost everyone had started deceiving others. So the combination were shifting from bad to worse.

Alfred Dussel was a dentist and an acquaintance of the Franks who hid with them in the annexe. He shared a room with Anne, who suffered the brunt of his odd personal hygiene habits, pedantic lectures, and controlling tendencies. Mr. Dussel’s wife was a Christian, so she did not go into hiding, and he was separated from her. He never cared for the feelings of others and turned out to be an irresponsible person. He was the eighth entrant of the house. The other residents of the annexe found him to be a selfish man who never bothered to care about others. He never cared for the feelings of others. None of them ever found him to be helpful in any matter. He always remind confined to himself. The people of the annexe had grown a dislike towards him. At many occasions, he committed a mistake, later apologised for it but only to repeat it again. He was an ungrateful personality who showed an irresponsible behaviour throughout his stay at the anenxe.

Anne disliked him for his self-centered nature. As he used to scold her and made it a point to tell her about her shortcomings. Anne had shared her room with him but when she asked him to let her use the table for two more hours. He bluntly refused, giving Anne a shock. He was not in the good books of others as later the residents found that he had started hiding eatables in the cupboard.

He was an irresponsible man as he disobeyed the restrictions posed on the residents due to the war. He died in a concentration camp in December 1944.

Value Points :

• Was not a contributing figure

• Promises to share his food and be accommodating

• Later Anne had to fight to get custody of the table in their room even twice a week

• Hides his food in the cupboard, is petty and officious

• Believes no one knows how to do better than him from peeling potatoes to rearing children

• Lectures Anne, instigates misunderstandings between her and her Mother

• Tries the same for Margot and her mother.

Detailed Answer : 

Alfred Dussel was a dentist and an acquaintance of the Franks who hid with them in the annexe. He shared a room with Anne, who suffered the brunt of his odd personal hygiene habits, pedantic lectures, and controlling tendencies. Mr. Dussel’s wife was a Christian, so she did not go into hiding, and he was separated from her. He never cared for the feelings of others and turned out to be an irresponsible person. He was the eighth entrant of the house. The other residents of the annexe found him to be a selfish man who never bothered about others. He never cared for the feelings of others. None of them ever found him to be helpful in any matter. He was not a contributing figure. He always remained confined to himself. The people of the annexe did not like him. At many occasions, he committed a mistake, and later apologised for it but only to repeat it again. He was an ungrateful person who showed irresponsible behaviour throughout his stay at the annexe.

Anne disliked him for his self-centered nature. He used to scold her and made it a point to tell her about her shortcomings. Anne had shared her room with him but when she asked him to let her use the table for two more hours he bluntly refused, giving Anne a shock. He was not in the good books of others as later the residents found that he had started hiding eatables in the cupboard.

He was an irresponsible man as he disobeyed the restrictions posed on the residents due to the war. He died in a concentration camp in December 1944. 

There was a great revolt of peasants in England in 1381 which ended serfdom in England. Among the European countries, Italy was the first to benefit from urbanization and trade. Petrarch is considered one of the early Humanists of Italy.

Value Points :

• gives them hope that the war may end soon, fills them with courage and strength, stay in the annexe has taken its toll on all of them, Anne hopes that she will be back in school very soon, keep things under control, celebrate birthdays.

Detailed Answer : 

 The residents of the annexe had got fed up of their lives. Hiding in the annexe was not easy as all the time they were under the threat of getting caught. Apart from this, the scarcity of various food items, the everyday news bulletin which broadcasted the cruel behaviour of the Germans towards the Jews was also scary. Then they got the good news of the invasion by the Allies, they were very happy. It gave them hope that was might be an end to the war in the near future. It filled them with courage and strength as their long stay in the annexe had disappointed them and they, especially Anne, was desperate to go out in the free air. Anne hoped that once the war was over, she would be able to go back to school and would be able to celebrate her birthdays again.

Peter van Daan was the teenage son of the van Daans, whose real name was Peter van Pels. Anne first saw Peter as obnoxious, lazy, and hypersensitive, but later they both became close friends. Peter was a quiet, timid and honest boy who was sweet to Anne. During their time in the annexe, Anne and Peter developed a romantic attraction, but he failed to express his love openly. He liked reading books and especially if they were meant for adult reading. Once he hid in the loft to read one such book and got so engrossed in reading that he forgot to come down for dinner. His father came up to call him and hit him hard when he found him reading the book. He was refused dinner that night which he resented. He didn’t like his parents’ authoritative nature, but being shy, he never told them about it. He got emotionally alienated from them.

At a later stage, he expressed his desire to become a criminal. Anne disapproved of it. She realised that he wanted to be successful but did not want to work hard for it. He was forced to take part in the ‘death march’ and died on 5th May 1945.

Value Points :

A dentist joins the others in the annexe a few days later, shares room with Anne, argues with her, tries to control her, does not allow her to use his desk for reading, is rigid and fails to understand children, only bothered about his own work and comfort.

Detailed Answer :

Alfred Dussel was a dentist and an acquaintance of the Franks who hid with them in the annexe. He shared a room with Anne, who suffered the brunt of his odd personal hygiene habits, pedantic lectures, and controlling tendencies. He never cared for the feelings of others and turned out to be an irresponsible person. He was the eighth entrant of the house. Anne disliked him for his self-centered nature. As he used to scold her and made it a point to tell her about her shortcomings. Anne had shared her room with him but when she asked him to let her use the table for two more hours, he bluntly refused, giving Anne a shock. 

Value Points :

• spent in the shadow of fear

• restricted life/didn’t have friends

• had to make adjustments

• took away her childhood

• isolated from the word

• lacked education

Detailed Answer :

Anne Frank was a shy girl but she was intelligent and perceptive. She had many friends but could confide in none of them. She had to shift to the secret annexe along with her family members after the call-up notice. Thus, she spent her growing years in the shadow of the fear of being caught, the fear of going to concentration camps if caught and the fear of the consequences of the war. She always led a restricted life. She was an introvert who never shared her feelings with others, that’s why she considered Kitty - her diary as her friend and entered every minute detail of her life in her growing years. Her growing years were not very pleasant. She had to make adjustments in every step of her life whether it was the sharing of her room with Dussel or the sharp remarks of Mrs. van Daan. She always felt lonely. She considered herself to be a song bird without wings. She felt isolated from the world. She didn’t like to spend time with her mother as she always felt that her mother was closer to Margot, her sister than herself Anne. While staying in the secret annexe, she could not get an education. Life in the annexe made her believe that there could be no such things as truth, justice or God. That is why she was turning into a confused personality. 

Value Points :

Anne’s diary a valuable and authentic record 

• Diary – invaluable – provides invaluable insights into the times, lives and hardships 

• One of the surviving authentic accounts of the times

• A rare insight from a child’s point of view

Detailed Answer :

Anne Frank’s diary is considered to be a valuable, historical record because neither is it fiction nor has it been composed after the incidents took place. It is the diary of someone who lived the history of the Second World War. She was an eye witness to the Holocaust, and she recorded her firsthand experience from a personal, political and social aspect. This record made by an ordinary citizen became a historical document because it was not a conscious project to document history taken up by a scholar. Rather it recounts the lived experiences of a young girl, living through the horrors of war and persecution on the grounds of ethnicity. As Anne didn’t share her feelings with anyone, she recorded them in her diary as if she were confiding to her diary named Kitty as it comforted her. She maintained it from June 12th, 1942 to August 1st, 1944. Initially, she only wrote about herself but later on she edited her diary for posterity after hearing a March 1944 radio broadcast from an exiled Dutch government official who urged the Dutch people to keep journals and letters that would help provide a record of what life was like under the Nazis.

The diary was considered to be authentic because Miep Gies had recovered five notebooks and some 300 loose papers containing Anne’s writings from the Secret Annexe shortly after the Frank’s arrest by the Nazis. He had hidden them in her desk and gave it to Otto Frank, the only survivor of the family, on his release from Auschwitz, who got the diary published. Anne’s diary provides an invaluable insight into the times, lives and hardships. It shows a rare insight from a child’s point of view.