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With the help of the sergeant, the doctor began the work of resuscitation. They laboured hard for an entire hour. As they were about to give up, the young man started breathing and soon he was sitting up.

He had made many investments for material gain, but he had lost. The losses brought him only anxiety, disappointment and frustration. But here he made a small investment that changed the life of a man, who has become an excellent citizen doing service to the society.

a) In the story the word investment means the help the narrator gave the boy who was in trouble,

b) Investment means the process of putting money forgetting profit, like buying shares or starting a business or company. 

c) The narrator describes his investment the best because it changed the life of a man. With 7 pounds and 10 shillings, the narrator changed a bad boy into ablicitor and the director of a charitable organization doing the work of rehabilitating delinquent children.

It was the second day of the narrator’s voyage. Suddenly he became aware that one of the passengers was watching him closely. The narrator felt that the man was not confident enough to go to him and ask for clarification. He was in his early 40s. The narrator learned that the man’s name was John. On the final evening at sea Mrs. John persuaded John to meet the narrator.

After introducing himself and his wife, John started telling his story to the narrator. His parents were dead. His uncle helped him to get the job of a clerk in a London lawyer’s office. He had no friends and he fell into bad company. He started enjoying pleasures beyond his means. He started betting on horses. Soon he lost all his savings. In an effort to get money he stole some money from his office safe to make a final bet. But again he lost. He now wanted to commit suicide. He went to the room and turned on the gas.

The narrator, who was a doctor, was called in to attend to him as he was found unconscious. There was also a policeman as well as the land lady of John. The doctor soon revived him. John told them why he wanted to die.

The doctor, the policeman and the landlady felt pity for him and they agreed to help him. The doctor gave him the money to replace what he took from the office safe. The policeman would not report against John. The landlady would give him a month’s free board.

John now changed completely. He worked hard and became a success. Now he’ and his wife are helping the backward, maladjusted and delinquent youth to return to normal life. The narrator felt that the money he gave John was the best investment he ever made.

He wrote this diary entry after he was saved and , helped by the sergeant, the doctor and the land lady. Soon John realized his mistake. He knew that suicide is not the answer to problems. He decided to succeed in life and help the backward, maladjusted and delinquent children to live normal lives.

Today is one of the happiest days in my life. For almost 25 years I had been trying to find out this man, who had changed my life. This man, this doctor, had not only revived me after my suicide attempt, but also gave me the money to put back into the place from where I had stojen it. He is not just a man but an angel for me. Without his help, I would have been dead. Today I met him while I was returning from the States. This doctor has grown slightly old, but the cheerful expression is still on his face. I recognized him at the first look. But he did not recognize me. So I went and told him who I was and how he had helped me 25 years ago. He was happy to see me and hear about my work. I was also extremely pleased to meet him. I pray God there should more and more persons like him in this world.

Hijrat marks the departure of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 ce.

Abu Bakr mobilized and transformed the Arabs into an excellent fighting force. He and his successors inspired the Arab armies to sweep across countries and continents and carry the word of Allah throughout the world. Inspired by missionary zeal, these invincible and extraordinary Arab armies conquered vast territories. Their empire stretched over Iran, Syria, Central Asia, North Africa and Spain.

The greatest intellectual and cultural excellence was seen during the reign of the Abbasid Caliphs.

Two independent states established by the Turks in Central Aisa were Ghazni and Ghor.

During Muhammad’s time, the Arabs were divided into a number of tribes.

When Muhammad was about forty years old, he had a vision of God, who revealed to him the-divine message, to carry the word of God or Allah to the people of Mecca. He declared that Allah was the one and only God and Muhammad was his Prophet. This gave way to a new religion called Islam.

1. False. 

Correct : The Medieval Period in India stretches from the 8th century CE to the

2. True.

3. True.

4. True.

5. True.

(a) Islam, (b) Quran Sharif, (c) Prophet Muhammad.

The chief items of export during India’s trade relations with the Arabs were Pepper. Muslin, Indigo etc. and import were luxury items and fine Arabian horses.

The spirit of exclusiveness among the Hindus made them reject foreign cultural influence. The Hindus believed that no other country on earth but theirs had any knowledge of Science. Hence, they were not receptive to the rich treasures of Arabic learning and civilization.

Some of the main teachings of Prophet Muhammad are the following: 

1. God is one and he is all powerful, all wise and all merciful.

2. Idol worship is a curse and everybody should shirk doing it. 

3. The Koran is a Divine book and its authority is unquestionable. 

4. Islam believes that sinners will go to hell and the good and faithful will go to heaven. 

5. All men are equal and there is no question of superiority of inferiority. 

6. The Prophet enjoined upon his followers to perform the five duties of ‘Raima’, ‘Namaz’, ‘Zaqaat’, ‘Ramzan’ and ‘Haji’. 

7. One must treat the slaves kindly and leniently. 

8. The women should be given kind treatment but they must observe ‘purdah’. 

9. One must abstain from drinking, gambling etc. and practise justice and respect for elders.

The house of Wisdom was set up in Baghdad as it was advised by Prophet Muhammad to pursue learning among Arabs. So Baghdad become the place of wisdom where various ancient civilizations such as Greek, Byzantine, Egyptian, Chinese, Indian and Persian were translated into Arabic.

Baghdad became the repository and preserve of the rich cultural heritage of the ancient world.

The main four principles of Islam are as follows: 

1. There is only one God and Muhammad is His Prophet. 

2. Muslims must say their prayers five times a day. 

3. They must help the poor and needy by giving away a portion of their wealth in charity. 

4. They must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetime.

Muhammad and his small band of followers were forced to flee to Medina in 622 ce. Muhammad’s  departure from Mecca to Medina is known as hijrat. The Muslim calendar, hijri, begins from that year.

(a) The Arabs, learnt a great deal from the ancient Indian civilization. Knowledge of Indian mathematics, medicine, astronomy, philosophy and the art of administration were assimilated by the Arabs, leading to further enrichment of the Arab civilization and culture. 

(b) Knowledge absorbed and assimilated by Arab scholars from different civilizations

1. Chinese: 

• Art of paper making, 
•  Glass making techniques, 
•  Use of mariner’s compass. 

2. Greeks: 

• Geometry. 

3. Persian: 

 Astronomy. 

4. Indians: 

• Mathematical theories 
•  medicine 
• Astronomy 
•  Philosophy 
•  Administration

Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader. In AD 610, Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. Fie called himself the messenger of the supreme being – Allah, whose message he had to spread. He preached against idol worship. Arabia at that time was ruled by a number of tribes, who worshiped many gods and performed many rites and sacrifices. They did not like Muhammad’s teachings. Muhammad was forced to leave Mecca and moved to Medina in AD 622 with his followers. This year of ‘Emigration’ is known as Hijrat.

Muslims must say their prayers five times a day.

The Abbasids shifted the Caliphate from Damascus to Baghdad (capital of modem Iraq). For the next 150 years, the Arab empire under the Abbasids emerged as one of the most powerful, prosperous and enlightened regions in the world. The Arabs absorbed and assimilated the best of what other cultures and civilizations had to offer in terms of ideas, skills and scientific knowledge. Muhammad had advised the Arabs to pursue learning. One of the Abbasid Caliphs established a House of Wisdom at Baghdad to translate into Arabic the collective wisdom of various ancient civilizations such as the Greek, Byzantine, Egyptian, Chinese, Indian and Persian civilizations. Baghdad became the repository and preserve of the rich cultural heritage of the ancient world.

The Arab traders established trade settlements on the western coast of India.

As a young rhan, Muhammad worked as a trader.

The Abbasid Caliphs shifted the Caliphate from Damascus to Baghdad.

1. False.

Muhammad was bom at Mecca.

2. False.

 He shifted from Mecca to Medina in AD 622.

3. True.

4. False.

Ali Bakr was the last Khalifa.

5. False.

The Ottoman Turks Captured Constantinople in AD 1453.

Muhammad forbade idol worship and stressed the importance of good and kind behaviour. His teachings angered the rich Arabs, and Muhammad and his small band of followers were forced to shift to Medina in 622 ce. Muhammad’s move from Mecca to Medina is known as Hijrat.

1. Prophet Muhammad was bom at Mecca in AD 570. 

2. Muslims worship only one God Allah. 

3. Muhammad preached against idol worship. 

4. Prophet Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas.  

5. The greatest king of Abbasid dynasty was Harun-Al-Rashid.

Abu Bakr took the title of Khalifa or Caliph.

1. Prophet Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was bom in Mecca in the year 570 ce. 

2. Muhammad forbade idol worship and stressed the importance of God and kind behaviour. 

3. The two holy places of the Muslims are Mecca and Medina. 

4. Ans. Muhammad was succeeded by Abu Bakr, who was known as Caliph. He transformed the Arabs into an excellent fighting force and inspired them to carry the word of Allah throughout the world. 

5. The first Arab expedition to India took place in 712 ce under the leadership of Muhammad bin Qasim.

Muhammad’s successors were known as Caliphs or Khalifas and they were both religious and political leaders of Muslims. The caliphs who succeeded Muhammad were Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali. Within a short period of just one century, the Khalifas and their generals conquered Iran, Syria, Egypt, Central Asia, North Africa and Spain.

नौकरी अर्थात् निश्चित आय प्राप्त करने के लिए दूसरों के द्वारा सौंपा गया कार्य । जैसे बैंक में कार्य करता हुआ लिपिक, शिक्षण कार्य करता हआ शिक्षक तथा सरकारी कर्मचारी ।

पेशेवर व्यक्तियों को पेशे के लिए विशिष्ट ज्ञान चातुर्य और पेशे हेतु आवश्यक शिक्षण प्राप्त करना पड़ता है ।

1. बैंक में कार्यरत प्रबन्धक ।
2. सार्वजनिक साहस की इकाई में कार्यरत अधिकारी ।

Ethylene and abscissic acid.

Correct option is (a) Dilli Haat

FD is also called Term deposit.

‘CORE’ stands for ‘Centralized Online Real time Exchange’. In the centralized server of the bank, all the details of all the accounts of all the branches of the bank are available. A customer can withdraw money through cheque at any branch of that bank throughout the world. Similarly anyone can deposit money into the account. Entry of the transactions is recorded in the centralized server of the bank in real time and can be seen in all the branches of the bank. This facility is called Core Banking Solutions.

Real Time Gross Settlement Systems (RTGS) was launched by the RBI in 2013. The transactions are settled on real time basis. Gross settlement means the transaction is settled between one bank and another bank without adding any other transactions.

The primary functions of a commercial bank are of Three types.

(a) Collecting and supplying business information