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Lysosome is the organelle of the cell which is membrane- bound and contain powerful digestive enzymes,that acts upon harmful pathogens in the cell. It is also known as the suicide bags of the cell.

Lysosomes are membrane bound cell organelles that keep the cell clean by digesting unwanted substances. Lysosomes are filled with digestive enzymes that break down the unwanted harmful substances and organisms like bacteria. Sometimes, when the cell is damaged, the lysosomes burst open and the digestive enzymes digest or destroys its own cell. This is why they known as suicide-bags.

C. protoplasm

Purkinge in 1839 coined the term protoplasm for the fluid substance of the cell.

Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes constitute the complex cellular system in living cells.

False 

An undefined nuclear region containing only nucleic acids is called nucleoid.

During digestion, the lysosomes digest stored food contents by digestive enzymes to supply energy to the cell.

Explanation: Lysosomes are formed by the Golgi body or the endoplasmic reticulum. These powerful enzymes can digest cell structures and food molecules such as carbohydrates and proteins.

Vacuole act as the storage sacs of the cell. It stores cell sap. It maintains the turbidity and rigidity of the cell.

True 

Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of branching tubules. It extends from the cell membrane to the nuclear membrane.

True 

The chlorophyll in bacteria is not in the form of a cell organelle. Instead, it occurs as a loose pigment that is associated with the cell membranes of vesicles.

Because, other than ribosomes all other organelles are found in eukaryotes only.

The main principles of Damma include :

1. Be kind towards animals. We should be kind to animals all the time. 

2. Be obedient to father and mother. We should be grateful and obedient to our parents. 

3. Be kind towards the poor. Poor need the support of others to come out of their problems all the time. 

4. Respect the elders. May be of Ashoka’s time or today elders are to be respected. 

5. Never criticize other religions. We should be tolerant of other religions. 

6. Work for the welfare of mankind. We should work for all the men by not being selfish. So we can say that the principles of dhamma have relevance even today or in the future also.

False 

Chromoplasts are coloured plastids

Nine great poets in Chandragupta – H’s court were called Navaratnas.

Ashoka founded hospitals for people and animals and supplying medicines. Good roads with trees on both sides were provided. People draw water from the wells dug by the government. Travelers were provided with rest houses. 

Even today the government is providing some of these facilities to us. But we have to pay some amount for these facilities. In widening the roads they are cutting the big trees. Because of this, the heat will increase and it will become difficult in day time particularly in summer.

(C) Chandragupta – II

Answer is (C) Sarnath

(D) Chandragupta -2

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(c) chemical change

Heat a piece of iron wire on fire. After some time, it turns red in colour. On cooling it is again converted into its original colour.

(C) Chandragupta

There is a close relationship between trade and transport. Transportation helps in easy exchange of raw materials and finished goods. Transport is important because it enables trade between people, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Transport plays an important part in the economic growth of a particular place.

(B) Mauryans and Guptas

Correct option is (C) 7

Let there are x number of cows and y number of chickens.

Since, one cow has 4 legs and 1 head.

Similarly, one chicken has 2 legs and 1 head.

\(\therefore\) Total number of legs of x cows and y chickens = 4x+2y

According to given condition, we have

4x + 2y = 2 (x+y) + 14

\(\Rightarrow\) 4x + 2y = 2x + 2y + 14

\(\Rightarrow\) 4x - 2x + 2y - 2y = 14

\(\Rightarrow\) 2x = 14

\(\Rightarrow\) x = \(\frac{14}2\) = 7

Hence, the number of cows is 7.

Correct option is C) 7

(c) A is true but R is false

1. When water is frozen into ice, it is a physical change. It is reversible since ice can be converted to water again. 

2. When a piece of wood is cut into very small pieces, it is a physical change. It is reversible since small pieces of wood cannot be converted back to the bigger piece of wood. 

3. It shows that physical changes can be reversible as well as irreversible.

The changes which are brought about by human beings are known as human made or artificial changes. 

Ex.: Construction of bridges, Road construction, Cooking

Changes which take place in nature on their own and are beyond the control of human beings are known as natural changes. 

Ex.: Rotation of earth, Raining.

Yes. we can say that Gautamiputra Satakarni was the greatest ruler of the Satavahanas. He defeated sakas. He defeated Yawanas and Pallavas and conquered their kingdoms. He conquered the land between the three seas. He got the title of ‘Trisamudradhees-wara.

After Chandragupta’s death, his son Samudragupta took over and expanded the Gupta empire in north India. He was a great conqueror and remained undefeated. Nine important kingdoms of North India were made part of the Samudraguptas empire. 12 rulers of Dakshinapadha surrendered after defeat. Other neighboring countries like Nepal, Bhutan, and Srilanka accepted his authority. With all these, I can say that Samudragupta was a great conquerer.

The correct option is A) reversible.

Correct answer is (c) state

1. Causative agent – Alpha virus 

2. Infection site – Nervous system 

3. Mode of transmission – Aedes aegypti (Mosquito) 

4. Symptoms – Fever, headache, joint pain and swelling.

‘Charaka’ was named as the father of Ayurvedic Medicine. He belongs to Gupta dynasty.

1. True

2. False, Burning of match stick is an irreversible change.

3. False, Change of new moon to full moon is natural change.

4. False, Digestion of food is a chemical change

5. False, In a solution of salt in water, water is the solvent

The correct option is B) phase.

1. herb 

2. shady 

3. aquati 

4. non – flowering

(c) Either acidic or neutral 

Correct option is A) Copper sulphate

Correct option is D) All of these

(b) Yellow in acid and red in base. 

Correct option is C) red colour

(a) basic, Answer is correct

(a) Both A and R are correct and R explains A.

• Turmeric powder contains an active ingredient called curcumin.
• Curcumin has antiseptic properties; thus, it is used for wound healing or applied on bruise.

Hence,

Turmeric powder can be used as antiseptic.

समांगी मिश्रण – ऐसे मिश्रण जिनमें दो या दो से अधिक अवयव उपस्थित रहते हैं किंतु उन्हें अलग-अलग नहीं देखा जा सकता, समांगी मिश्रण कहलाते हैं।

विषमांगी मिश्रण – ऐसे मिश्रण जिनमें उनके अवयवी पदार्थों को अलग-अलग देखा जा सकता है, विषमांगी मिश्रण कहलाते हैं।

Correct option is (C) Prime Minister Jan Dhan Yojna

Non-monetary functions of Reserve Bank of India:

Financial inclusion and development:

• Owing to India’s highly diversified economy, it becomes difficult for RBI to reach to all sections of people.
• Thus, RBI promotes Financial Inclusion which means providing banking services to low income segments of society at an affordable price.
• It provides special credit facilities to agriculture, small scale industries, self- employed people and cottage industries.
• RBI also manages the Prime Minister Jan Dhan Yojna.
• RBI has made its website very user friendly. It publishes various banking related information and statistics as well as articles of experts on its website. Such publication helps people to promote research related to banking and bringing monetary improvement in the country.