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Listen please : Mulan

The author says so because she has no claim upon him, no claim of kinship, that is but simply the claim of love.

लेखक ऐसा इसलिए कहता है क्योंकि वह उस पर, उसकी रिश्तेदारी पर कोई अधिकार नहीं रखती है, वह केवल स्नेह का दावा रखती है।

1. lucky

2. jealous

3. rise.

1. True

2. False

3. False

4. False

5. True

6. False.

Correct option is (a) the sun

C. ‘The poetry of earth is never dead.’

Because it was much smaller in size.

(iv) None of these

The headmaster sent for the peon. He wanted to show to the students the proof of their mischief. The peon was the witness to their wrong deeds.

1. Aarzi Hukumat,

2. Fazal Ali,

3. 1st May, 1960,

4. Seven sisters,

5. 29

1. ‘Operation Vijay’ was carried out because Indian Government decided to begin ‘Operation Vijay’ to liberate Goa on the midnight of December 19th, Governor of Portuguese De Silva surrendered to the Indian Government.

2. In 1953 AD, Reorganisation of States was done because a new demand of reorganisation of states on linguistic basis started becoming strong. So in 1953. Jawaharlal Nehru considered the issue of ‘Reorganisation of States and appointed ‘State Reorganisation Commission’.

3. The feeling of regional inequality and narrow mindedness has developed because language, caste or religion are three main important factors for creating regionalism. If narrow mind not enters in emotional bondager among people living in the same region, then regionalism develops language simulates regionalism.

Correct option is (iii) water

1. People speaking common language. Sharing common culture and living in certain specific geographical region for a long time to develop emotional bondage for one another.
2. When narrow mindness is created in them, it is called regionalism.
3. As language, religion, life style, traditions being similar, emotional bondage of people residing in same area becomes stronger.
4. The people who create and instigate regionalism are harmful elements for national unity and integrity.
5. The States Reorganisation Commission already implemented the recommendation of divisions as per the linguistic barriers. Language stimulates regionalism.

1. (c),

2. (a),

3. (d),

4. (e),

5. (b)

1. True

2. True

3. True

4. False

5. True

6. False

7. True

Language, caste and religion are the three main factors that lead to regionalism.

(A) Language:

1. When majority of people of a region speaks same language it becomes one of the reasons for regionalism.
2. For example, in India, majority of people residing in North India are Hindi speakers whereas those residing in South India are non-Hindi speakers.
3. So, non-Hindi speakers demand new regions according to the languages they speak.
4. The State Reorganisation Commission created separate states on the basis of language after independence.

(B) Caste and religion:

1. People belonging to a variety of religions live in India.
2. When people belonging to a specific religion are in majority in a region they tend to dominate that region. For example, Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh have different customs, traditions, lifestyle and profession.
3. Hence, people belonging to those regions have a different way of life compared to the people living in other parts of the country.
4. The Bodo people living in Assam have started strong movements for creating a separation from Assam. Similarly, ULFA is another separatist group of Assam which demands a sovereign Assam.
5. Regionalism led to the separation of Punjab and Haryana, Jharkhand from Bihar, Chhattisgarh from Madhya Pradesh and Uttarakhand from Uttar Pradesh.
6. At present, Vidarbha region is demanding separation from Maharashtra.

1. Technology means practical usage of knowledge, science achieved through experiments.

2. Principles of science are used very frequently so generally. It has attached with technology.

3. In modem world science and technology is needed for each country. Today the prosperity of the Country can be known by achievements made by country in the field of science and technology.

4. Due to technology today man could reach upto Mars. Thus, technology is an instrument for all-round development of man.

5. Science and Technology has made the world closer. Discoveries made the internal easy relations between countries. Thus, co-operation of countries is necessary for peaceful co-existence.

• India has made extraordinary achievements in the field of science and technology in the last half-century in comparison with other developed countries in unique.
• Distinguished various scientists, engineers, technocrats of independent India have contributed remarkably at the international and global level.
• Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Indian Space Research Organisation and Physical Research Laboratory are the glorious examples for it.
• Women of India too played a noticeable role in this field.

B. 1st May, 1960

1. Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, Arunachal, Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland were recognised as the Laiid of Seven Sisters.

2. In the year2000Jharkhand (Capitai-Ranchi) was separated from Bihar, Chhattisgarh (Capital-Raipur) was separated from Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand (Capital- Dehradun) was separated from Uttar Pradesh and were recognised as states.

3. Movements, strikes, violent events are used with reference to demand of separate state.

4. These was always a continuous demand for formulation of separate small states from the bigger states.

C. Puducherry

D. Uttarakhand, Jharkhand

In the year 1947, the British Parliament passed Indian Independence Act to provide independence to India. As per this Act, India and Pakistan were partitioned. Although many problems cropped up due to partition, two of them were quite major. 

They were:

1. Framing the Constitution of India.
2. To put an end to the British Empire sovereignty on the princely states and merge them with India.

1. After getting independence and Sovereign state, Union of India appealed the French-controlled Pondicherry (Puducherry) to merge with India. People wanted desperately to join the Union of India.

2. People gave the slogan ‘Hind Chhodo’ (Leave India) to the French Government in a large meeting held at Pondicheny.

3. The Indian government started negotiation for peaceful solution of the Pondicheny issue with the French government but, people were not satisfied. They wanted quick action.

4. So, on 13th June 1954, People’s Liberation Army took over the administration of Yanam region in its hands.

5. The French government understood that people were quite angry and want freedom in any case. Hence, it had no choice but to negotiate with the Indian government.

6. Finally, on October 31, 1954, the French handed over all the colonies namely Karaikal, Mahe, Yanam and Chandranagar to India. These regions were then merged with the union territory of Pondicherry.

7. When the Indian states were reconstructed, Pondicherry and Karaikal were merged in Tamil Nadu, Mahe in Kerala, Yanam in Andhra Pradesh and Chandranagar in West Bengal.

8. Pondicherry was made the administrative head of all these territories.

Electronic configuration of 1^st period: 

In 1 period only two elements are present. This period starts with the filling of electrons in first energy level, n^-1 . This level has only one orbital as is. Therefore it can accommodate two electrons maximum. 

Electronic configuration of 2^nd period: 

In the 2’ period 8 elements are present. This period starts with filling of electrons in the second energy level, n = 2. In this level four orbitais (one 2s and three 2p) are present. Hence the second energy level can accommodate 8 electrons. Thus, second period has eight elements.

1. At the time of independence, the ruler of Kashmir was Hari Singh, a Hindu whereas the majority of the population was Muslim.

2. Hence, king Hari Singh was confused whether to join India or Pakistan.

3. Meanwhile, Pakistan attacked Kashmir and King Hari Singh came to India for help.

4. The Government of India insisted that King Hari Singh should first sign the instrument of Accession and only then India would help him.

5. Hari Singh was left with no option and hence, he immediately signed the instrument of Assession with India.

Materials required: 

Prism, piece of white chart of size 20 x 20 cm, pencil, pins, scale and protractor.

We can observe the dispersion of light in the following situations in our daily life. 

1. In the formation of rainbow. 

2. When observing sun light through the triangular transparent material like prism, scale edge. 

3. At the time of curing of walls of new houses with water.

4. Dispersion of light by inclained plane mirror which is in water.

Answer: (c) ns² np²

• The electronic configuration of the elements changes periodically in a period and group as well.
• We could find a pattern in the physical and chemical properties as we go down in a group or move across a period. 
• For example : The chemical reactivity is high at the beginning, lower at the middle and increases to a maximum at group 17 in a period. 
• The reactivity increases on moving down the group of alkali metals. But the reactivity decreases on moving down the group of halogens. 
• Atomic radii increases down the group and decreases across the period.

(b) (n-1)d^1-10 ns^0-2

Answer: (c) ns² np⁶ 

1. Nizam of Hyderabad with its states from southern part of India declared its independence on 15th August.
2. As for as its geographical location, it was bound to join India.
3. Hyderabad won’t be able to remain as an independent state as it is surrounded by Indian territory.
4. Nizam clarified the matter by saying that if the country will be divided then owing to ideological reasons and geographical reasons. Under such circumstances, they would prefer to remain independent.
5. Negotiations began with the Nizam. Sardar Patel bluntly stated to the negotiator of the Nizam that people of Hyderabad are eager to be with the Union of India.
6. Nizam officers started committing atrocities on the people of Hyderabad. Ultimately Hyderabad was merged with the union of India by using ‘Police Force on 18th September, 1948.

1. The material used to find out the value of refractive index of a prism: Prism, Piece of white chart, Pencil, Pins, Scale and Protractor. 

2. Necessity of the graph : To find the angle of minimum deviation graph is required.

• Zn, Cd and Hg are having completely filled dorbitais (d¹⁰ electronic configuration). 
• They do not have partially filled d-orbitais Like other transition elements. So they do not show much of the transition elements properties.

1. In the Pt group, lithium differs in many aspects from its own family elements. Similarly, in the 2rd group, beryllium differs in many aspects from its own family. 

2. For example, lithium forms compounds with more covalent character. But other alkali metals of this group form only ionic compounds. 

3. Similarly, beryllium forms compounds with more covalent character while the other elements of this family form only ionic compounds. 

4. Lithium and beryllium resemble more with the elements lying at their right-hand side in the 3t₁ period than with the other members of their own family. 

5. These kinds of anomalies are also observed from 13th to 17th groups. 

6. This sort of similarity is commonly referred to as diagonal relationship in the periodic properties. 

7. The anomalous behaviors are attributed to the following factors:

• Smaller atomic size 
• Higher ionization enthalpy 
• High electronegativity

Electron affinity:

• It is the tendency of an isolated gaseous atom to gain an electron. 
• Ills the property of an isolated atom. 
• It does not change regularly in a period or a group.
• It is measured in electron volts/atom or kcal/mole or kJ/mole.

Electron negativity: 

• It is the tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract the shared pair of electrons. 
• It is the property of bonded atom. 
• It changes regularly in a period or a group. 
• It is a number and has no units.

(a) s > p > d > f

(d) f-block elements

Correct option is d. Fe²⁺

Pd-BaSO₄ and S

(a) 2 (binary means two)

(a) and (c) are Arithmetic

(b) and (d) are Logical

1. True 

2. False

The return statement sends both control and value back to the calling function.

The return statement return value is limited to a single value.

return type specifier function name( datatype argument1, datatype argument2, ..);

The declaration of a function before it is used or called is known as function prototype.

Institutional changes that aim to improve the quality of democracy that is practiced to empower the citizens and overcome challenges of democracy are known as Democratic reforms.