Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

Zone V: This is the most severe seismic zone and is referred as very high damage Risk zone. The areas are Northeastern states, parts of Jammu Kashmir, Uttarkhand, and Bihar and Kutch region. 

Zone IV: This zone is second in severity zone. Northern regions of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, parts of Bihar, UP, Gujarat, West Bengal.

The main causes for the occurrence of drought and famine are reduction in annual rainfall, long period scarcity of surface and underground water, scarcity of stored water, excess utilization of freshwater. Overgrazing, deforestation. Improper agricultural practice, mining. 

The distribution of temperature on the surface of the earth is not uniform. It varies from. region to region due to various factors. The various factors affecting the distribution of atmospheric temperature are: 

a. Latitude or distance from the equator: Places close to the equator have higher temperature and are warmer than places awaylfom the equator This is because the Sun rays reach the Earth after passing rays reach the Earth after passing through the layers of the atmosphere. In the low latitudes the Sun rays are direct and have to travel a lesser extent through the atmosphere. Hence, the heat of these rays is more intense. But in high latitudes the Sun rays are slanting and have to passes through a greater extent of atmosphere.

b. Altitude: Temperature decreases with altitude. This is because the heat absorbing elements are found in lower altitude. So the places near the Earth’s surface are warmer than places higher up. This is because air near the surface is denser and contains gases like carbon dioxide, water vapour and other gases. Temperature decreases with increase in height at an average rate of l°C/165m or 6.4°C/1000m.

c. Distance from the sea: this factor also influence on the distribution of temperature and differential heating of land and water. Land gets heated faster compared to water. Water takes longer time to get heated and to cool than land. Hence during the day when the land gets heated quickly, water takes longer time and remains cool. Therefore, during the day time a land gets more heat than the surrounding water bodies.

d. Ocean currents: It increase or decrease the temperature of the Earth’s surface. Warm ocean currents along the coast make the coastal areas warmer and cold currents reduce the temperature and cool the coastal areas.’ Warm currents can be noticed on the eastern margins of the continents in the middle latitude, while .it is the concurrents flow at the western margins of the continents. Gulf stream a warm currents increases the temperature in the eastern coast of U.S.A and California bold current decreases the temperature of the western coast of U.S.A. 

e. Winds: Winds that blow from the lower latitudes are warm and make the places warmer. On the other hand, winds that blow from the higher latitudes are cold and make the places cooler. Winds that blow from the sea bring plenty of rain especially if they are warm winds. While off shore winds hardly bring any rain. 

f. Clouds: During the day clouds prevent Insolation from reaching the Earth’s surface. Clouds also prevent three escape of terrestrial’s radiation during the night. Clear sky Permits insolation readily during the day time and allow the rapid escape of terrestrial radiation during the night.

Protection and preservation of forest is known as conservation. The important measures of conservation of forest are: 

• Forest fires, pests and diseases should be controlled through the scientific methods. 
• Encroachers of forest area should be severely punished. 
• Forest education, research and training should be expanded through programmes like vanamahotsava, social forestry, and reforestation.

Industrial and mining activities in the forest regions should be compensated by reforestation.

Conservation of ocean means rational uses of ocean resources. So that a harmony between man’s ocean resource requirements and their availability could be maintained. The rational uses of ocean resources by the present generation and the preservation of ocean resources for the future generations, is known as conservation of ocean. It also means the protection of oceans and ocean resources against pollution caused by dumping of oceans and of industrial, agricultural and municipal wastes into oceans by man, oil spill from oil tankers, and nuclear explosions in sea and oceans. 

Need for conservation of Oceans: There is a need for conservation of oceans due to the following reasons:

• If oceans are not conserved, all the living organism in the oceans either die or become unsuitable for human consumption. 
• Oceans are the storehouse of pearls, corals and sponges. These resources have to be conserved. 
• Oceans have oil and natural gas reserves. These reserves have to be conserved. 
• Oceans are rich in minerals. These mineral resources have to be rationally exploited. 
• Oceans allow the growth of innumerable species of plants. These plants have to be conserved. 
• Oceans are the breeding centers of marine fisheries. Thousands of fishes are found in oceans. The marine fishery resources should be exploited rationally. 
• Literacy and education programmes on marine features must be initiated and promoted. 
• Proper law to be enacted to save sea and ocean. World wise awareness programme must be arranged to show the pro and cons of the marine pollution etc.

The disintegration of rocks without any chemical change in their compost in is known as mechanical or physical weathering. The disintegration of rocks occurs mainly due to the influence of temperature variation, frost action, wind action, rainwater, etc.

A. Surface are heated and expand. During the nights the rock surfaces are cooled due to , fall in temperature, rocks contact. The repetition of exemptions and contraction causes tension and stress which leads to cracks in the rocks. Then the rocks disintegrate into i blocks. This process is known as Block disintegration, Rocks are made of different types of minerals.

So the different parts of the same rock mass react differently to temperature. This leads to differential expansion and contraction inside the rocks. The rocks break up into smaller grains. This process of weathering is, called “Granular disintegration”. Due to variat Temperature in the upper and lower layers, the outer layers of rocks peel out into the uric shells. This process of weathering is known as “Exfoliation”.

B. Frost: Rocks are disintegrated due to freezing and thawing of water in the cracks or joints in the rocks. This frost action is more important in the temperate and cold regions. The water present in the cracks of rocks freezes during the night due to fall in temperature below freezing point. When water freezes it expands by 1/10 its volume. It thaws (melts) during the day, due to increase of temperature and it contracts in volume. This alternative freezing and melting of water widens other cracks in the rocks, splits and breaks then into blocks. This is known as frost shattering.

C. Rain: Sometimes, when rain falls suddenly on highly heated rocks in hot desert numerous cracks are developed. This is just like a heated chimney of a lamp, when a drop of water falls on it. The repetition of this mechanism causes disintegration of rocks. In humid region, when torrential rain occurs, the drops strike the rock surface and loosen the particles.

D. Wind: In the deserts the wind blows with greater speed carrying with it sand and rock materials, they collide with each other or strike against the loose rock and cause weathering. In deserts the wind cause this type of weathering on a large scale.

E. Sea waves: Sea waves strike the costal rocks. Repeated striking enlarges the incipient joints. Fractures and cause breaking of rocks into small blocks. Weathering also takes place due to hydraulic pressure, abrasion and attrition caused. 

F. Slope: A steep slope helps in weathering. In mountainous and hilly area, sometimes, on account of gravity, blocks of rocks move down the slope while rolling down the slope, they strike against other block and break up into pieces.

G Gravitation: the gravity of Earth makes the huge rocks to roll towards the slope. Rolling rocks strike against each other and break up into pieces.

The disintegration of rocks without any chemical change in their compost in is known as mechanical or physical weathering. The disintegration of rocks occurs mainly due to the influence of temperature variation, frost action, wind action, rainwater, etc.

A. Surface are heated and expand. During the nights the rock surfaces are cooled due to , fall in temperature, rocks contact. The repetition of exemptions and contraction causes tension and stress which leads to cracks in the rocks. Then the rocks disintegrate into i blocks. This process is known as Block disintegration, Rocks are made of different types of minerals.

So the different parts of the same rock mass react differently to temperature. This leads to differential expansion and contraction inside the rocks. The rocks break up into smaller grains. This process of weathering is, called “Granular disintegration”. Due to variat Temperature in the upper and lower layers, the outer layers of rocks peel out into the uric shells. This process of weathering is known as “Exfoliation”.

B. Frost: Rocks are disintegrated due to freezing and thawing of water in the cracks or joints in the rocks. This frost action is more important in the temperate and cold regions. The water present in the cracks of rocks freezes during the night due to fall in temperature below freezing point. When water freezes it expands by 1/10 its volume. It thaws (melts) during the day, due to increase of temperature and it contracts in volume. This alternative freezing and melting of water widens other cracks in the rocks, splits and breaks then into blocks. This is known as frost shattering. 

C. Rain: Sometimes, when rain falls suddenly on highly heated rocks in hot desert numerous cracks are developed. This is just like a heated chimney of a lamp, when a drop of water falls on it. The repetition of this mechanism causes disintegration of rocks. In humid region, when torrential rain occurs, the drops strike the rock surface and loosen the particles. 

D. Wind: In the deserts the wind blows with greater speed carrying with it sand and rock materials, they collide with each other or strike against the loose rock and cause weathering. In deserts the wind cause this type of weathering on a large scale.

E. Sea waves: Sea waves strike the costal rocks. Repeated striking enlarges the incipient joints. Fractures and cause breaking of rocks into small blocks. Weathering also takes place due to hydraulic pressure, abrasion and attrition caused. 

F. Slope: A steep slope helps in weathering. In mountainous and hilly area, sometimes, on account of gravity, blocks of rocks move down the slope while rolling down the slope, they strike against other block and break up into pieces. 

G Gravitation: the gravity of Earth makes the huge rocks to roll towards the slope. Rolling rocks strike against each other and break up into pieces.

1. Physical Geography. The field of physical geography is wide as it includes the study of the entire surface of the earth and also its physical and biological process as well as their morphology. Modern geography has witnessed the development of many branches and some of them even grown into separate disciplines.

Some of the important branches of physical geography are as follows:

• Geomorphology: It is a systematic study of landforms, such as mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, etc. 
• Climatology: Climatology encompasses the study of structure of atmosphere and elements of climates and climatic types and regions. 
• Meteorology: The scientific study of atmosphere condition is called meteorology. 
• Pedology: It is the scientific study of soil formation, structure, texture, chemical composition and their influence on plant growth. 
• Hydrology: Hydrology studies the realm of water over the surface of the earth including oceans, lakes, rivers and other water bodies and its effect on different life. 
• Seismology: It is the study of Earthquakes, their effects and distribution. 
• Astronomical Geography: It is the study of heavenly bodies of the space like planets, satellites, stars etc in relation to the earth. 
• Volcanology: It is the scientific study of tectonic process of volcanoes. 
• Astronomical geography: It is the study of heavenly bodies of the space like planets, satellites, stars etc in relation to the earth. 
• Bio-geography: It is the systematic study of the distribution of plants and animals. 
• Hydrology: The study of water on the earth’s land is known as hydrology. 
• Oceanography: The study of waves, tides and currents and the other characteristics of oceans, known as oceanography.

2. Human geography: It deals with man and his activities particularly cultural environment factors on man made factors, Important among them are culture, Society, agriculture, mining, industry, transport forming trade population etc. Some of the important grander of Human geography are as fallows:

1. Political geography: It deals with spatial unit, people distribution, political behavior, political divisions etc. 

2. Economic geography: It refers to basic attributes of the economy such as production, distribution exchange of goods and consumption. It deals with the spatial aspects of production, distribution and consumption and also helps on understanding the most proper location for establishing different human activities. 

3. Commercial Geography: It deals with the spatial distribution of trade and commercial practices etc. 

4. Population Geography: It helps to understand the distribution, growth density, migration and various other components of population.

Correct answer is organs of the body

Correct answer is jewelry 

Correct answer is songs by the Beatles

Dr. Alfred Russel Wallace conducted Bed ford level experiment in 1956, along the Bed ford level canal area in Britain.

Correct answer is car makers

Correct option is C) owner

Platelets play the important role of coagulation of blood. No blood coagulation would take place in the absence of platelets. This would be a dangerous situation; in case of an injury. No blood coagulation would result in excessive blood loss and can even prove lethal for the person.

The theory of Natural Selection was given by darwin. 

When air humidity is high transpiration diminishes. Since transpiration is a simple diffusion process it depends upon the concentration gradient of water between the plant and the environment. If the atmosphere has too much water vapor the gradient becomes lower or even reversed.

In this study, a light-coloured eye is a dominant trait because children born from parents having light-coloured eyes also had light-coloured eyes.

• Different forms of organisms or life have evolved during the course of evolution. Classification deals with grouping of there organisms into groups and subgroups based on their similarities and differences. 
• The characteristics commonly seen in any two species will be closely related and they will be closely related and they will have a more recent or common ancestor.
• Thus, classification helps tracing the evolutionary relationships between the two organisms. Hence it can be said that classification and evolution are interlinked.

Plant hormones are the chemical substances that are naturally produced in plants and are capable of regulating the important processes of plants. 

(i) Gibberellins 

(ii) Cytokinin 

(iii) Abscisic acid 

(iv) Auxin

Mendel used pea plant for his experiment. When Mendel performed a cross between tall plant and dwarf plant he found that all the plants in F₁ generation are tall. In F₂ generation 75% of plants were tall while 25% of plants were dwarf. The ratio obtained in F₂ generation is 3 : 1. 

i) Chloroplast – Photosynthesis 

ii) Cytoskeleton – Mechanical support/Motility/Maintenance of the cell shape 

iii) Centrosome – Spindle apparatus formation during cell division/Basal body of cilia or flagella

The vasa recta is thin walled capillaries lying parallel to the loop of Henle. The blood entering the descending limb of each vasarecta come in close contact with the outgoing blood in ascending limb. This system is called counter current system.

The two limbs of the loop of Henle form another counter current system. These two systems are concentrating the urine in mammalian kidney by diffusion and osmosis.