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(i) Mabel and Dancy are in their sitting room. Mabel was sitting alone on a sofa with a newspaper on her lap and inhaling the Smelling-Salts with staring eyes. 

(ii) Mabel say, “Do they want me in court”, because she Suddenly sees Dancy entering the room, while he was supposed to be in the court for his case. 

Spun in the extract means finished, which Dancy says to Mabel while referring to his case. 

(iii) Dancy is talking about the notes which he has stolen from De Levis’ pocket book. As soon as Mabel came to know that Dancy has stolen De Levis’ money, she buries her face in the pillows of the sofa in a horrified quietness. She asked Dancy that why he has not told her about the truth of the theft. 

Dancy’s best Mend name is Colford. 

(iv) In the note, it is written that this step of Dancy is very cruel to Mabel but this is the only way to save his honour. Dancy also wrote, he is again taking a desperate step of suicide after the one he has taken to jump from one balcony to another. At the end of the note he asked Colford to look after Mabel. 

(v) At the end, Dancy shot himself by a pistol. He do this to save his honour. Mabel represents the noblest form of wifely loyalty to her husband. She knows her that her husband had married her without telling her about his earlier love affair. She knows that he has stolen money and has been deveiving her all along. Even then her loyalty remains firm as a rock. Under no circumstances would she desert him. Dancy is loyal to his own conception of a manly, advantourous dare-devil type of life. He wants to live dangrously. That is why he took the risk of jumping from one balcony to the other twice. That also explains why he shot himself when he was trapped.

(i) Dancy took a ‘tenner’ from De Levis by jumping on to a book case four feet high and took ten pounds from De Levis who sneered at him for making money by parlour tricks. Later when De Levis’ money is stolen, he openly accuses Dancy by saying that the rail of his balcony and the rail of the next (which was of Dancy’s) were seven feet apart. So if a man could take a standing jump on to a narrow book case four feet high he could easily jump his balcony to the one of De Levis. 

(ii) According to Lady Adela, Dancy always hankered for excitement and thrill and left the army saying that it was too dull, and at that time there was no fighting. He got married at a later age and did unexpected things so she calls him a reckless person. 

(iii) He kept the money under his pillow. Then he went to take a bath. He lost around nine hundred and seventy pounds. 

(iv) According to Winsor, his house was a decent one and no one was supposed to be a thief there. And so there was no need to lock a door. The height of the room from the ground was twenty-three feet. Ladders were not used because there was only one ladder within three hundred yards and was kept in the stables. Also it was very heavy. When Canynge instructed him, Treisure went and inspected the ladder in the stables and found it was untouched. 

(v) Canynge reacts outrageously by saying that Dancy was a soldier and a gentleman, and that was an extra ordinary insinuation. De Levis was not at fault when he wanted his money back. But everyone supported Dancy as he was a Christian and cornered De Levis as he was a Jew. He was blackballed from the London Club. People tolerated him only because he had money and attacked him like a pack of hounds. His generosity can be seen when be announces to give one f thousand pounds in charity.

(i) Dancy’s responded by saying that he only looted a looter. He felt that the money was as much his as much it was of De Levis. He expected to be offered half the amount, The looks of De Levis at dinner table seemed to call Dancy a blasted fool. This made Dancy go mad and steal the money of De Levis. He said that he enjoyed that evening. 

(ii) When Mabel comes to know that Dancy stole the money for a woman she overcame her grief and told him to go to Morocco. Dancy asked her if it was a “Good Bye”, Mabel refuted and said she’d follow him. She then said that she never cared about his past and would go on loving him and she would be just the same when he came back to her. Dancy who had never known a woman’s acceptance tried to deny her by saying that, “That’s not in human nature”. 

(iii) A warrant had been issued against Dancy and Inspector Dede had come to arrest him. First Mabel lied by saying that Dancy must have left. But when Dede saw the bedroom door and moved towards it, Mabel tried to pursuade him by saying that if he and his wife were in a similar situation, what would he do. Then she requests on behalf of two whole lives, to come back in half an horn, to which the Inspector denies. 

(iv) The suicide note of Dancy was addressed to Colford. It read that, that was the only decent thing left for Dancy to do. He accepted that by killing himself he was being unfair to Mabel, but it was just another reckless jump made by him. He wrote that a pistol kept faith. He instructed Colford to look after Mabel and conveyed his love to both of them. 

(v) She means that Dancy took refuge in a pistol which he thought “keeps faith”, but his friends including Margaret, also could keep faith i.e., prove loyal to him. But their loyalties were not enough for Dancy. Considering the reckless nature of Dancy, it can be concluded that his Mends could have done nothing to save his life. They all tried their best to save him but he had more faith in a pistol than in his friends.

(i) Merchants were selling turbans of deep red and silver colour, tunics made of heavy purple cloth, beautiful mirrors made of panels of amber and daggers with stone handles. These are the various items on sale. 

(ii) Maidens are grinding sandalwood henna and spices. The vendors are weighing saffron, lentil and rice. 

(iii) The goldsmiths are making bells which are very delicate to be tied to the feet of the blue pigeons. The bells are as delicate as a dragonfly’s wing. The goldsmiths make girdles for the dancers and scabbards for the kings. 

(iv) The musicians are playing on such instruments as the ‘sitar’, ‘sarangi’ and ‘drum’. Magicians utter spellbinding words, which will be remembered for many years to come. 

(v) The happy occasions are the crowns for the forehead of a bridegroom, circles of flowers to garland his bed. The sad occasion is the sheets with white flowers which are used at the funeral ceremony of the dead. The true spirit of Indian life is portrayed. India of the rich is a land and with a culture of its own and also life is beautiful and colourful.

1. 0 

2. 0 

3. 1 

4. rev*10 

5. 10

(i) The first time the weather was calm, the wind was gentle, the ship was motionless (Hi the sea, the waves flowed over the Inchcape Rock but they did not move the Inchcape Bell. 

When he returned, the sky was covered with a thick haze. The sun was not visible. The fierce winds continued to blow all the day, till the evening. It was so dark that no one was able to see anything. 

(ii) The Abbot hung a bell so that the mariners would be warned of the Inchcape Rock. The timely warning would make them alert and no ship would hit the rock and thus perish. 

(iii) Sir Ralph was a wicked pirate, he got pleasure seeing others in pain. He was jealous of the Abbot for being praised for placing the bell on the Inchcape Rock and out of malice he cut the bell. 

The bell sank with a gurgling sound. The bubbles rose to the surface and burst around. 

(iv) Sir Ralph said that soon the moon will rise and provide some light on the sea. One of the sailor said he could not tell where they were and hoped they were near the shore. They all wished to hear the Inchcape Bell. 

(v) The wind had dropped and their ship was drifting along. The waves were rising high furiously and no warning sound from the Inchcape Bell was heard. The ship struck hard against the rock and the waves rushed in on every side and the ship sank. 

The dreadful sound of the devil ringing one’s death knell. 

One who digs a pit for others falls into it himself. The message is when one intends to harm, others by doing a wrong deed one becomes a victim of the deed himself.

The exception handling in java is one of the powerful mechanism to handle the runtime errors so that the normal flow of the application can be maintained. 

Java finally block is a block that is used to execute important code such as closing connection, stream etc.

Java finally block is always executed whether an exception is handled or not. 

Java finally block follows try or catch block.

The story ‘To Build a Fire’ records the struggle of a determined man for his very survival on an extremely cold day when the temperature is 75° below zero. Trailed by his dog he continues his journey. Man and his dog face tough weather but their reaction is quitely different. If the man in the story represents intellect, the dog represents pure instinct. The story highlights these two contrasting traits.

On the metaphorical level, it contrasts instinctive knowledge with intellectuality. Jack London’s main aim in writing this story is to make us aware of the value of instincts in life, particularly in extreme situations. Instincts are the best guide for survival in the harsh Yukon. Ironically, it is the dog who instinctively knows that cold conditions in which they – the man and the dog – are traveling are dangerous, while the man doesn’t, simply because of his faith in his intellect. So in spite of many advantages – thermometers, woollen clothes, maps, matches and a thinking brain – the man perishes, whereas the dog with only its protective fur and a keen sense of smell survives.

High powered money: It refers to the money produced by RBI and Government of India. The total liability of monetary authority of the Country and RBI is called High Powered Money (H) or monetary base. It consists of (a) currency (notes and coins) in the hands of the public (C), (b) Cash reserves of commercial bank (R), (c) Other deposits of RBI (OD).

Symbolically: H = C + R + OD

(a) The imbalance between exports and imports because of large scale development expenditure which causes large imports, high domestic prices which leads to imports and cyclical fluctuations like recession or depression. 

(b) Political instability and disturbances cause large capital outflows and hinder inflows of foreign capital.

There are a large number of buyers and sellers of the commodity under perfect competition each too small to influence the price of the commodity by his actions. Under perfect competition a firm produces such a small part of the total market output that a change in its output will have no significant effect on the market supply and hence price of the commodity. A firm under perfect competition cannot influence the market price by increasing or decreasing the quality of output it produces.

Two causes of disequilibrium of the balance of payments are: 

(i) Lack of development of production system: In an underdeveloped country where the production system is not developed enough all the necessities of life have to be imported. There are very few things that such a country can export and that too in small quantities. These countries encounter an adverse balance of payment. 

(ii) When a backward economy tries to develop it takes the balance of payment difficulties again. The various development schemes usually necessitate the imports of machines, raw material. These push up the import bill. Exports can be raised only when these schemes are completed and output in the country increases. Until then the balance of payments remains adverse.

The total receipts in the BOP account are equal to the aggregate payments. Hence, there is neither any surplus nor any deficit in the BOP account. In fact, the bookkeeping or accounting sense every credit. Entry must have a corresponding ‘debit’ entry. The golden rule of double-entry bookkeeping is Debit what comes in and Credit what goes out. The aggregate ‘credit balance’ of all credit accounts must be equal to the aggregate ‘debit balance’. So in the accounting sense, the BOP account is always balanced.

(1) P₄ + 10H₂SO₄ → 4H₃PO₄ + 10SO₂ + 4H₂O

(2) 3Ag + 4HNO ₃→ 3AgNO₃ + NO + 2H₂O

The mathematical expression of the Arrhenius equation:

k = A_e^-Ea/RT

where k is rate constant of the given reaction

A is another constant called frequency factor

E_a is activation energy

R is gas constant

T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Frequency (f) : The Frequency of sound is the number of complete vibrations made by a vibrating particle of the medium in one second. The S.I unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).

f = 1/T where T is periodic time.

Wavelength (λ) : Wavelength is not the number of complete vibrations made by a vibrating particle but it is the distance covered by one wave. It is also defined as the shortest distance between two particles vibrating in the same phase. Its S.I. unit is metre, while that of frequency is in hertz.

 λ = γ/ f

(a) 

(1) lived 

(2) named 

(3) saw 

(4) consumed 

(5) laboured 

(6) plowed 

(7) turned 

(8) tended 

(b) 

(i) under 

(ii) about 

(iii) into 

(iv) across 

(v) for 

(vi) off 

(vii) to 

(viii) with 

(c) 

(1) Though he was very ill, he did not take any medicine. 

(ii) We will discuss the problem when you come back from your holidays. 

(iii) It was foolish of him to remain absent on Friday. 

(iv) In spite of running all the way to the bus stop Rahul missed the bus. 

(d) 

(i) The old woman asked Arun if he could help her to cross the street. 

(ii) No sooner did the sun rise over the hills than the fog disappeared. 

(iii) It rained too heavily to go for the picnic. (iv) Unless your friends get here before 7 o’clock we cannot take them out for dinner. 

(v) The students of classes XI and XII elected the school captain. 

(vi) Greenland is larger than any other island in the world. 

(vii) It was very cruel of Shylock to demand his pound of flesh. 

(viii) Arun was asked by his mother to give explanation about the missing buttons on his shirt.

1. in 

2. of 

3. under 

4. into 

5. with 

6. off 

7. over 

8. away

1. The book was too interesting to put down. 

2. The principal said that all the prizes would be distributed the next day. 

3. Father cooked the dinner for us last night. 

4. Unless Mary catches the first bus, she will not be on time for school. 

5. Despite having high fever, the girl came to school. 

6. I would rather go out with friends, than stay alone at home. 

7. No sooner did the teacher leave the room than all the children started making a noise. 

8. Never have I seen a movie as funny as this one.

(a) 

1. gazing 

2. went 

3. returned 

4. had moved 

5. crawling 

6. found 

7. admiring 

8. regretted. 

(b) 

1. near 

2. on 

3. from 

4. on 

5. against 

6. in 

7. down 

8. up/down. 

(c) 

1. He has learnt to cycle but has yet to learn to swim. 

2. Helping her mother to make breakfast, the child washed the tomatoes. 

3. They bought a new car to travel long distances. 

4. On opening her purse, Sunita found the money missing. 

(d) 

1. Ramesh was given some excellent advice. 

2. No sooner did Sania sit down to study, the lights went off. 

3. Have you been written to by Alia? 

4. Hardly had the function got over, the crowd dispersed. 

5. No other season in our country is as good as the monsoon. 

6. Harish was too tired to keep his eyes open. 

7. Father told Sunil that he could help him with his home work. . 

8. There are over a thousand students in the school where Naresh goes.

(a) 

1. told 

2. was arguing 

3. was 

4. disappear 

5. was looking 

6. missing 

7. done

8. ran 

(b) 

1. in 

2. between 

3. since 

4. of 

5. for 

6. over 

7. down 

8. out 

(c) 

1. Being good at gymnastics, he must improve his hand writing. 

2. Her grandfather gifted her a paint box as she was good at art. 

3. Though Ravi had fractured his arm, he insisted on playing the match. 

4. Although Mona has been ill for a month she stood first in the examination. 

(d) 

1. No sooner we lit the candle than the power supply was restored. 

2. The bee is one of the most industrious of all creatures. 

3. The old woman was so slow that she could not catch the bus. 

4. He promised to do it the next day. 

5. Inspite of getting an expensive gift, Reema was not happy. 

6. I would rather read a book than watch a movie. 

7. Never have I seen Mr. Roy lose his temper. 

8. The keys were found in the garage.

1. in 

2. to 

3. in 

4. into 

5. for 

6. inside

7. of 

8. among

(a) 

1. sat 

2. began 

3. to copy 

4. were scratching 

5. brought 

6. had 

7. were writing 

8. dipped. 

(b) 

1. on 

2. with 

3. to 

4. against 

5. for 

6. of 

7. in 

8. under 

(c) 

1. Though the minister was wise, the king did not trust him.

2. As soon as we reached the port, the storm came on. 

3. One Should neither borrow nor lend money. 

4. She deserves to win the prize. 

(d) 

1. Your horse is not as well trained as this one. 

2. The children won’t sit out in the garden unless the weather is cool. 

3. The thief ran too fast for the police to catch. 

4. Her attitude is cause of annoyance to me. 

5. Hardly had the bus stopped, when the child disappeared. 

6. Whenever you make an effort, you get success. 

7. She requested her brother to teach her to cycle. 

8. He was regarded as a thief and called a villain by the peasants.

A straight line passing through the center of the dipole and perpendicular to its axis.

An electron emitter must have low work function and high melting point.

(D) an octagonal mirror.

(i) The sound waves require a medium for their propagation. These waves travel in the medium though the vibrations of the medium particles about their mean positions, so they are also called elastic or mechanical waves. 

(ii) Frequency.

Since the wavelength of red colour is maximum in the visible light, the light of red colour is scattered least by the air molecules of the atmosphere and therefore it can reach to a longer distance.

(D) using a laminated core of soft iron

Property of wave that does not change when it passes from one medium to another is frequency.

Factors affecting the critical angle for the pair of media are : 

(i) Effect of colour and 

(ii) Effect of temperature.

Mechanical waves are waves which requires medium for their propagation.

E.g. sound waves

Red light travels fastest.

Red colour is used as a sign of danger due to its longest wavelength and lesser deviation (scattering). Therefore, it can reach to a longer distance.

Factors affecting the critical angle : 

(i) Wavelength of light.

(ii) Temperature (on changing the temperature of medium, its refractive index changes).

(i) Quartz prism

(ii) Infrared radiations.

(i) Quartz prism. 

(ii) Infrared radiations can be detected by thermopile.

Full form of: 

1.  NADP – Nicottinamide Adenine Di-nucleotide Phosphate.

2.  ADP – Adenosine Di-Phosphate.

Two functions of WHO: 

1.  To collect and supply information about the occurrence of diseases of epidemic nature. 

2.  To promote and supply projects for research on diseases.

(i)  Exophthalmic goiter

(ii)  Endosmosis 

(iii)  Cones 

(iv)  Meninges

(i)   The conditions of the cell contents show in figures A and B is the result of keeping the cells in water and hypertonic (strong) solution respectively.

Cell-contents in A are in a turgid condition whereas the cell-contents in B are in flaccid condition as water has been lost by keeping in stronger solution.

(ii)   Plasmolysis : It is the loss of water from the cell when it is kept in a stronger solution than that of the cell-sap leading to flaccid condition.

Deplasmolysis : When a plasmolysed cell is kept in water, the water enters into the cell again to make it turgid, this phenomenon is called as deplasmolysis. 

(iii)  The process of plasmolysis is employed to kill weeds in lawn’s and in preserving food items in highly concentrated sugar solution as in the case of jams and jellies. Salting of food raises the osmotic pressure of the medium, killing bacteria and fungi by plasmolysis.

(iv) The stage when plasmolysis just starts is called ‘Incipient Plasmolysis’.

Guard cells : Pair of guard cells surround the stomata on the upper and lower epidermis of leaf.

Pulmonary semilunar valve : In right ventricle which guards the opening of pulmonary trunk.

(i) Odd term : Bile

Category : Glandular secretion (exocrine)

(ii) Odd term : Acromegaly

Category : Effect of thyroxine

(iii) Odd term : Typing

Category : Unconditioned reflex

(iv) Odd term : Tympanum

Category : Part of inner ear

(i) Meiosis (ii) Nerium (iii) Oviduct

The cell component visible only during cell division Chromosome.

(i) (B) – Tuberculosis 

(ii) (D) – Remove starch from the experimental leaf 

(iii) (A) – Retina 

(iv) (A) – Receptor cell, sensory neuron, relaying neuron, effector muscles 

(v) (B) – Nicotinamide, adenine dinucleotide phosphate

(i) False, Vasectomy is the surgical method of sterilization in males.

(ii) True.

(iii) False, Photolysis is the process of splitting of water molecules in the presence of grana and light.

(iv) True.

(v) False, Chromosomes other than the pair of sex chromosomes are called autosomes.

(i) Meiosis (ii) Nerium (iii) Antigen (iv) Fallopian tube (v) Red Cross

(i) Chordae tendinae – Holds the valves in position. 

(ii) Lymphocytes – Produce antibodies to defend the body against infection.

(iii) Seminiferous tubule – Produce sperms 

(iv) Thylakoids – Chlorophyll is located on the wall of thylakoids so light reaction of photosynthesis begins here.

(v) Beta cells of pancreas – Secrete insulin that helps to lower the level of glucose in blood.