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VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. This is an innovation that permits a PROTECTED TUNNEL to be made across the network like the Internet. For instance, they allow you to create a SECURE dial-up CONNECTION with a REMOTE server.

NODE MEANS to the point where any CONNECTION takes place. They can either be a device or computer which is a part of the NETWORK. For building the network connection, two or more FORMS are required.

There are uncountable ways of securing a computer network. Installing the reliable and most updated antivirus software on the computer. Ensure the SETUP of firewalls is configured correctly. For securing a computer network, user authentication HELPS a LOT. If you follow all these things, it will make a HIGHLY SECURED network.

The IP class of a given IP address can be identified by simply looking at the FIRST octet of the given IP address.

Three IP classes can be identified by:

• Class A: If the first octet begins with a 0 bit
• Class B: if it begins with 10 bits
• Class C: if it begins with 110

A firewall means the network security SYSTEM that helps in controlling and monitoring all the network TRAFFIC whether INCOMING or outgoing which is depending upon the predefined security rules. A firewall builds the boundaries between the trusted and untrusted networks.

Routers have inherent security that allows you to design various settings, similar to security and information logging. You can dole out limitations to PCs, for example, what ASSETS it is permitted access to or what SPECIFIC TIME, they can browse the Web. You can also add the limitations on what websites are not perceptible ACROSS the whole network.

A NETWORK administrator has multiple responsibilities however, these can be COMPILED into the THREE main FUNCTIONS:

• Installation of a network
• Configuration of the network settings
• Maintenance and TROUBLESHOOTING of the networks

• Implementing a fault tolerance system is the feature that helps the system to continue working with its operations EVEN though there is some FAILURE on any part of the system.
• Fault Tolerance systems are created to provide opportunity even when there is the forecasting of SERVICE disruptions whether intended or unintended.
• It PROVIDES security in terms of protecting the system from hacking and malicious intrusions.
• It supports MULTITASKING.

There are 4 LAYERS under TCP/IP:

• NETWORK LAYER
• Internet Layer
• Transport Layer
• Application Layer

Network TOPOLOGY tells you to decide which media you should use for interconnecting the devices. It also helps in SERVING as the BASIS of MATERIALS, terminations, and the CONNECTORS which are applicable for the setup.

Routers are used to connect multiple network segments. They are known as intelligent network devices which store the information in their routing TABLES; such as hops, paths, and bottlenecks. With the HELP of this information, they can easily figure out the best path for transferring the data. Routers OPERATE at the third layer of the OSI model which is the Network Layer.

It is a CONSOLIDATED infrastructure that is being designed to circulate various routes and data to the different networks. It is also RESPONSIBLE for handling the MULTIPLE CHANNELS and bandwidth MANAGEMENT.

There are 7 layers of the OSI reference model:

• Physical LAYER
• Data LINK Layer
• Network Layer
• Transport Layer
• Session Layer
• Presentation Layer
• Application Layer