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The correct choice is (d) Grand work

To EXPLAIN: Major work – The work COSTING more than Rs.22 lakhs is TERMED as Major work, and the estimate for such work is KNOWN as Major estimate.

Minor work – The work costing more than Rs.50000 but not exceeding Rs.2 lakh is termed as Minor work, and the estimate for such work is known as a minor estimate.

Petty work – The work WHOSE cost does not exceed Rs.50000 is termed as Petty work, and the estimate for such work is known as Petty estimate.

The correct option is (b) True

To elaborate: Each BELIEVES they are contracting to something different. Courts USUALLY try to uphold such mistakes if a REASONABLE interpretation of the terms can be found. However, a contract based on a mutual mistake in judgment does not cause the contract to be voidable by the PARTY that is ADVERSELY affected.

Correct OPTION is (a) WOODEN sleepers

For explanation I WOULD say: For preventing of wooden sleepers from termite and FUNGUS.

The correct choice is (a) False

Easiest explanation: In lump sum CONTRACT the CONTRACTOR undertakes the execution or construction of specific work with all its contingencies, to complete it in all respect within a specified TIME for a fixed amount. In this an owner agrees to pay a contractor a specified lump sum after the completion of work WITHOUT a cost breakdown. After work no detailed measurements are required.

Correct option is (c) Secretary of P.W.D

For EXPLANATION I would say: P.W.D is headed by the Director General (DG) who is also the Principal Technical Advisor to the Government of India. The regions and sub-regions are headed by Special DGs and Additional DGs respectively, while the zones in all state capitals (except a few) are headed by CHIEF ENGINEERS. Now A Days, a new POST of Chief Project Manager (CPM) has been created to head major prestigious projects of CPWD. CPMs are equivalent to the rank of Chief Engineers in CPWD.

Right option is (b) 4 fish bolts

For EXPLANATION: A fishplate, splice bar or joint bar is a METAL bar that is bolted to the ends of two rails to join them together in a TRACK. The name is derived from fish, a wooden bar with a curved profile used to strengthen a ship’s mast. The TOP and bottom edges are TAPERED inwards so the device wedges itself between the top and bottom of the rail when it is bolted into place.

Right option is (d) 25 cm

Explanation: TRACK ballast FORMS the tracked upon which railroad ties (SLEEPERS) are laid. It is packed between, below, and around the ties. It is used to bear the load from the railroad ties, to facilitate drainage of water, and also to KEEP down vegetation that might interfere with the track structure. This also serves to HOLD the track in place as the trains roll by.

Correct option is (C) WORK CHARGED Establishment

The best explanation: USUALLY, work-supervisors, chaukidars, mates, mistris, etc, are employed as wrokcharged establishment. Their pay is charged direct to the work for which provision is made in the estimate of the work by ADDING 2% to 3% over the estimated amount of the work.

The correct choice is (c) Open tendering

The best I can explain: On larger PROJECTS, there may then be a pre-qualification PROCESS that produces a short-list of suitable suppliers who will be invited to prepare tenders. This sort of pre-qualification process is not the same as selective tendering.

Open tendering has been criticised for attracting tenders / expressions of interest from large numbers of suppliers, some of whom may be ENTIRELY unsuitable for the CONTRACT and as a result it can waste a great deal of time, effort and money. HOWEVER, open tendering offers the greatest competition and has the advantage of allowing new or emerging suppliers to try to secure work.

Right OPTION is (c) ROUTINE repair work

Easiest explanation: Before being dealt with and include minor PROBLEMS with toilets, baths, SINKS, doors or windows sticking, plaster REPAIRS, brickwork, and other nonurgent internal and external repairs.

Correct answer is (d) Wooden sleeper

To explain: Wooden railway sleepers are also comparatively cheap, as well as light and EASY to transport, install and maintain. The average timber railway sleeper weighs around 160lb-250lb, whereas an EQUIVALENT sleeper made of concrete could weigh anything up to 800lb. This means that wooden railway sleepers are quicker and EASIER to install initially and require little to no SPECIALIST equipment or vehicles for maintenance, which means cost-savings for rail OPERATORS.

The correct option is (c) contract

For explanation: A contract arises when the parties agree that there is an agreement. Formation of a contract GENERALLY requires an offer, ACCEPTANCE, consideration, and a mutual intent to be bound. Each party to a contract must have capacity to ENTER the agreement. Minors, intoxicated PERSONS, and those under a mental affliction may have insufficient capacity to enter a contract. Some TYPES of contracts may require formalities, such as a memorialization in writing.

Correct answer is (b) over riding

Explanation: Metre gauge is the system of narrow gauge railways and tramways with a track gauge of 1,000 MM (3 ft 3\(\frac{3}{8}\) in). It has installations of around 95,000 kilometres (59,000 mi) in the world. It is the main gauge in some countries.

Broad gauge railways use a track gauge (DISTANCE between the RAILS) greater than the STANDARD gauge of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8\(\frac{1}{2}\) in).

The correct choice is (b) CBR

Easy explanation: The PREFERRED process of flash butt welding involves an automated track-laying machine RUNNING a strong electric current through the touching ENDS of TWO unjoined rails. The ends become white hot due to electrical resistance and are then pressed together forming a strong weld. Thermite welding is used to REPAIR or splice together existing CWR segments. This is a manual process requiring a reaction crucible and form to contain the molten iron. Thermite-bonded joints are seen as less reliable and more prone to fracture or break.

Correct answer is (b) At the rails

Explanation: BOXING is the loose BALLAST provided around sleeper while packing is compacted ballast cushion as per GRADATION below sleeper, boxing provides LATERAL STABILITY to sleeper.

Right CHOICE is (a) e-Signatures

To explain: Electronic signatures, or e-Signatures, have become crucial for businesses as they seek to increase the speed of time-to-signature, e-Signatures are LEGALLY binding and have the same legal status as a written signature, as long as it fulfills the requirements of the regulation it was CREATED under.

A contract management PLATFORM should include the ability to INTEGRATE with an e-Signature software, or include e-Signatures as part of the platform.

Right choice is (a) SPECIAL repair

The best I can explain: This maintenance SERVICE is carried out to maintain the aesthetics of BUILDINGS and services as well as to preserve their life, some works like WHITE WASHING, distempering, painting, cleaning of lines, tanks, etc. are carried out periodically. These works are planned on year to year basis.

Correct answer is (a) Public Health Engineering Department

To explain I WOULD say: The Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) is a public AGENCY in Pakistan and India that is responsible for rural water supply.

During natural disasters the agency has the responsibility to get drinking water to the public as well as collaborating with aid organisations for this purpose. For example during a cyclone in Sindh in 2007 PHED submitted a proposal to UNICEF for a permanent SOLUTION to clean drinking water Sibi District. The agency also coordinated relief efforts with UNICEF in Ziarat District during the 2008 earthquake.

Historically the PHED had been responsible for all water and sanitation projects at the district level, however following the DEVOLUTION of 2001 become subordinate to elected nazims at district and tehsil level.

Right option is (b) Plumbing

For explanation: The pipe wrench (US), Stillson wrench or Stillsons (UK) is an adjustable wrench/spanner USED for TURNING soft iron pipes and fittings with a rounded surface. The design of the adjustable jaw allows it to lock in the FRAME, such that any forward PRESSURE on the handle tends to PULL the jaws tighter together. Teeth angled in the direction of turn dig into the soft pipe.

The CORRECT answer is (b) Unilateral mistake

For explanation I WOULD say: The courts will uphold such a contract unless it was determined that the non-mistaken party was aware of the mistake and tried to TAKE ADVANTAGE of the mistake. It is also possible for a contract to be void if there was a mistake in the identity of the contracting party. An example is in Lewis v. Avery where Lord Denning MR held that the contract can only be voided if the PLAINTIFF can show that, at the time of agreement, the plaintiff believed the other party’s identity was of vital importance. A mere mistaken belief as to the credibility of the other party is not sufficient.

Right choice is (a) Single-stage

Best explanation: Single-stage TENDERING is the more traditional route, used when all the information necessary to calculate a realistic price is available when tendering commences:

• An invitation to tender is issued to prospective suppliers (perhaps following completion of a pre-qualification questionnaire and/or a pre-tender interview). The invitation to tender will include information describing the goods or services required in sufficient detail to enable prospective suppliers to prepare an accurate tender.

• Tenders are PREPARED and returned by prospective suppliers (this may involve questions and answers and a mid-tender interview to clarify the client’s REQUIREMENTS).

• Submitted tenders are then assessed and compared (this may involve further interviews).

• The preferred tenderer is SELECTED and negotiations opened.

• Subject to the OUTCOME of those negotiations the preferred tenderer may then be appointed.

Correct option is (c) hot-rolled STEEL

To ELABORATE: Unlike some other uses of iron and steel, RAILWAY rails are SUBJECT to very high stresses and have to be made of very high-quality steel alloy. It took many decades to improve the quality of the materials, including the change from iron to steel. The stronger the rails and the rest of the trackwork, the heavier and faster the trains the track can CARRY.

The correct CHOICE is (b) Evergreen

Easiest EXPLANATION: If these are LEFT unattended, they can have significant cost impacts with little value. If these agreements won’t WORK for the company, the clauses stating the contract automatically renews should be removed. If the clause makes sense or cannot be taken out, ALERTS can still be set in a contract management platform as a reminder.

Correct answer is (b) Teak

Easy EXPLANATION: Teak’s high oil content, high TENSILE strength and tight grain make it particularly suitable where WEATHER RESISTANCE is desired. It is used in the manufacture of outdoor furniture and boat decks. It is also used for cutting boards, indoor flooring, countertops and as a veneer for indoor furnishings.

Correct ANSWER is (d) Serial tendering

Best explanation: The RATES submitted can then be used to value works over a series of similar projects, often for a fixed PERIOD of time FOLLOWING which the tendering procedure may be repeated. Serial tendering can reduce tender costs, and may encourage suppliers to submit LOW rates to secure an ongoing program of work.

The correct CHOICE is (b) teak

For explanation I would say: Teak is strong. It is naturally OILY, which makes it a very good material make OUTSIDE furniture from. We say that it is very durable material. It is highly resistant to moisture, FIRE, ACID and alkalis. It can be cut and shaped very easily. It does not corrode iron and steel.

The correct choice is (c) OPEN hearth process and Duplex process

Explanation: Open hearth furnaces are ONE of a number of kinds of furnace where excess carbon and other impurities are burnt out of pig iron to produce steel. Since steel is difficult to manufacture due to its high melting point, normal FUELS and furnaces were insufficient and the open hearth furnace was developed to overcome this difficulty.

A duplex locomotive is a steam locomotive that divides the driving force on its WHEELS by using two pairs of cylinders rigidly mounted to a single locomotive frame; it is not an articulated locomotive.

Correct answer is (B) 0.94 m^3

The best explanation: VOLUME – area * thickness.

So, 100*.04 = 4 CUBIC metre, 10% for uneven surface.

4 * 10% = .04 = 4.4cubic metre.

50% for dry mortar, 4.4 * 50% = 2.2.

= 6.6cubic meter.

Cement = 6.6/(1 + 2 + 4) = .94 cubic meter.

Correct option is (b) one

The best explanation: A latrine is a toilet or an even simpler FACILITY that is used as a toilet within a sanitation system. For example, it can be a communal trench in the earth in a camp to be used as emergency sanitation, a hole in the ground (pit latrine), or more advanced designs, including pour-flush SYSTEMS.

The term “latrine” is still commonly used in emergency sanitation situations, as well as in army camps. Nowadays, the word “toilet” is more commonly used than “latrine”, except for SIMPLE systems like “pit latrine” or “trench latrine”.

The use of latrines was a major advance in sanitation over more basic practices such as open defecation and helped control the spread of many WATERBORNE diseases.

Right option is (d) SPEED of TRAIN, gauge of tracks and nature of traffic

Explanation: The weight of a rail per LENGTH is an important factor in determining rails strength and hence axle loads and speeds.

Weights are measured in pounds per yard or kilograms per metre; the pounds-per-yard figure is almost exactly double the kilograms-per-metre figure. Rails in Canada, the United Kingdom and United States are DESCRIBED USING imperial units. In Australia, metric units are used as in mainland Europe.

Commonly, in rail terminology Pound is a contraction of the expression pounds per yard and hence a 132–pound rail means a rail of 132 pounds per yard.

Right option is (d) plumbing

To explain I would say: Heating and cooling (HVAC), waste removal, and potable water delivery are among the most common uses for plumbing, but it is not limited to these applications. The word derives from the Latin for LEAD, PLUMBUM, as the first effective pipes USED in the Roman era were lead pipes.

In the developed world, plumbing INFRASTRUCTURE is critical to public health and sanitation. Boilermakers and pipefitters are not PLUMBERS, although they work with piping as part of their trade, but their work can include some plumbing.

Correct choice is (a) LENGTH, breadth, height

To explain: The FIRST DIMENSION is length (L). Length is always the longest SIDE of the box that has a flap. The second dimension is width (W). Width is the second longest side with a flap. The third dimension is height (H). Height is the only dimension WITHOUT a flap.

The correct option is (a) Holiday packages

Explanation: An invitation to tender might be issued for a range of contracts, including; equipment SUPPLY, the main construction contract (perhaps including design by the CONTRACTOR), demolition, ENABLING works and so on.

An invitation to tender might INCLUDE:

• A letter of invitation to tender.

• The form of tender.

• Preliminaries.

• The form of contract.

• A tender PRICING document.

• A drawing schedule.

• Design drawings.

• Specifications.

Correct option is (c) L.D (1 + s2)1/2

Explanation: An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic MOUND of various compositions of soil, sand, clay, or ROCK. It has a semi-pervious waterproof NATURAL COVERING for its surface and a dense, impervious core. This makes such a dam impervious to surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles BINDS the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.

The correct answer is (a) Black cotton soil

For explanation I would say: It is taken out from earth/hills/mountain & 4/5 type of moorum are AVAILABLE & of different COLOUR brown, dark brown, yellow or grey.

Type of moorum depends on their grain size, liquid LIMIT, Plastic limit, moisture density relationship based on these parameters its selected & LAID in layers as filling MATERIAL under road, plinth, tanks, runways etc.

Right choice is (d) Credit heads

For explanation: The TRANSACTION under each of these groups of heads are further sub-divided for the purpose of accounts. In the case of EXPENDITURE and revenue heads, the MAIN unit of CLASSIFICATION is known as the major HEAD.

Right choice is (d) Provide smooth running of trains, prevent lateral movement of wheels and avoid excessive wear

The explanation: The coning of wheels helps to keep the VEHICLE centrally ALIGNED on a straight and level track also. Slight irregularities in the track do occur as a result of moving LOADS and the vagaries of the weather. The wheels, THEREFORE, move from side to side and therefore the vehicles sway. Due to the coning of wheels, this side movement results in the tread circumference of one wheel increasing over the other. As both the wheels have to traverse the same distance, this causes one wheel to slide. Due to the resistance caused by the sliding, any further side movement is prevented.

The correct option is (a) wall facing

The best explanation: Stone blocks used in masonry can be DRESSED or rough, though in both examples: CORNERS, door and window jambs, and similar areas are usually dressed. Stone masonry UTILIZING dressed STONES is known as ashlar masonry, whereas masonry using IRREGULARLY shaped stones is known as rubble masonry. Both rubble and ashlar masonry can be laid in coursed rows of even height through the careful selection or cutting of stones, but a great deal of stone masonry is uncoursed.

Correct choice is (a) False

Explanation: The list includes:

• Partial loss of electrical power or light

• Unsafe power, lighting socket or electrical fitting

• Partial loss of WATER or gas supply

• Loss or partial loss of space or water heating

• Blocked or leaking drains, or soil stack

• Toilet blocked or not flushing

• Blocked sink, bath or basin

• TAP which cannot be turned

• Leak from water or heating pipe, tank or cistern

• Leaking roof

• Insecure external window, door or lock

• Loose or detached stair hand rail

• ROTTEN TIMBER floor or stair tread

• Door ENTRY phone not working

• Extract fan not working in a kitchen or bathroom with no other ventilation.