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351.

Examine the following statements and correct the incorrect ones:(i) Human Development Index is published by World Health Organisation.(ii) Density of population is found to be more in the state of Goa.(iii) The state of Rajasthan is densely populated.

Answer»

(i) Incorrect. 

Correct sentence: Human Development Index is published by United National Development Programme.

(ii) Correct.

(iii) Incorrect. 

Correct sentence: The state of Rajasthan is sparsely populated.

352.

Which of the following states has a favorable female ratio?(A) Kerala (B) Tamil Nadu (C) Kamataka (D) Nagaland

Answer»

The answer is (A) Kerala

353.

Migration change the number, distribution and composition of the population in :(A) The area of departure (B) The area of arrival (C) Both A & B (D) None of the above

Answer»

The answer is  (C) Both A & B 

354.

Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in(a) The area of departure (b) Both the area of departure and arrival (c) The area of arrival (d) None of the above

Answer» (b) Both the area of departure and arrival
355.

Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.(ii) A large proportion of children in a population is a result of (a) High birth rates (b) High death rates (c) High life expectancies (d) More married couples

Answer» (a) High birth rates
356.

India is the ________ most populous country in the world. (a) second (b) fifth (c) seventh (d) sixth

Answer»

Correct option: (a) second

357.

Define the term ‘population’.

Answer»

The term ‘population’ refers to all the people who live in a particular area, city or country.

358.

Define population density.

Answer»

Population density refers to the number of people living in a unit area of space, such as a square kilometre.

359.

In 2016 alone, the population of the world increased by more than 80 million.

Answer»

In 2016 alone, the population of the world increased by more than 80 million.

True.

360.

Distinguish between immigration and emigration.

Answer»

Immigration is the process of coming to live permanently in another country that is not one’s own. Emigration is the process of leaving one country to go and live permanently in another country.

361.

Immigration is a factor that can cause overpopulation.

Answer»

Immigration is a factor that can cause overpopulation.

True.

362.

Mention whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) Give reason in support of your answer(a) Cow was the first domesticated animal(b) Rapidly growing industries favoured population rise(c) Present human population growth is following arithmetic progression(d) Birth rate (natality is the number of live births per hundred people of population per decade.(e) Tubectomy is a popular surgical method of contraception in human males

Answer»

(a) False.

Dog was the first domesticated animal.

(b) True. Rapidly growing industries made human life more and more comfortable, with greater opportunities of jobs and with more production of food. All this favoured population rise.

(c) False. Present human population growth is following geometrical progression. (d) False. Birth Rate (natality) is the number of live births per 1000 people of population per year.

(e) False. Vasectomy is the surgical method of contraception in human males while tubectomy is the surgical method used in females.

363.

The interior of the Amazon basin is ____ populated. (a) densely (b) moderately (c) highly (d) very sparsely

Answer»

Correct option: (d) very sparsely

364.

The density of population in the _______ of Brazil is moderate.(a) Amazon Basin (b) coastal lowlands (c) highlands (d) forested areas

Answer»

Correct option: (c) highlands

365.

The proportion of _______ in India is more. (a) middle-aged people(b) old people (c) children (d) youth

Answer»

Correct option: (d) youth

366.

List the advantages of having small families.

Answer»

Below are some of the advantages of having a small family:

(i) Financial condition of family is deeply related to the size of the family. A living cost of a large family is surely much higher than a small family. A large family has more expenses on cloth, toys, education and food whereas expenses in small family are very low.

(ii) Parents can easily fulfill the needs of one or two children. They can provide them best education and look after them very well whereas when there are many children to look after parents just cannot fulfill even the basic needs of the children properly. Therefore, as a result, children suffer, the parents suffer and the nation suffers.

(iii) A child in a small family receives more support from their parents than in a large family. In large family, parents have many children to look after, so they cannot give their best support to everyone whereas in small family parents can give more support to children as they have only one or two children to look after.

(iv) Family size also affects the health, especially that of the mother and the child. Frequent pregnancies can cause illness to both the mother and the children. It can disrupt the health of the women. It puts mother and baby's health at risk. So having a small family definitely leads to healthy and happy family.

367.

The rate of population growth is now ______ in India. (a) increasing (b) declining (c) stable (d) stagnant

Answer»

Correct option: (b) declining

368.

The eastern coastal areas of Brazil are also called the coastal ________. (a) lowlands (b) highlands (c) ravines (d) badlands

Answer»

Correct option: (a) lowlands

369.

It is observed that Brazil’s population may not increase in the next ______ decades. (a) two(b) three (c) four (d) five

Answer»

Correct option: (a) two

370.

How can the knowledge of processes of reproduction help people in limiting the size of their families? Give two concrete examples

Answer»

(i) The orthodox view, to have at least one son especially in Indian society, should be modified with education. People should be educated that their greed for a son can lead to numerous children in the household which would worsen both their family's health and wealth. They should focus on proper upbringing of the child, be it a son or a daughter.

(ii) Married couples should be educated to delay the birth of their first child, to space the second with a sufficient interval for proper upbringing and to stop the third. They should also be educated to adopt family planning methods by which they can prevent pregnancy after two children. These include devices for both men and women, for example: Condoms, intrauterine devices (IUD) and oral pills.

371.

Arrange the following countries on the basis of population in crores in descending order. India, Pakistan, USA, Russia, China

Answer»

China, India, USA, Pakistan, Russia

372.

What is the idea behind the phrase “ population explosion”?

Answer»

For developing countries like India, population explosion is a curse and is damaging the development of the country and its society. The developing countries are already facing a lack in their resources, and with the rapidly increasing population, the resources available per person are reduced further, leading to increased poverty, malnutrition, and other large population-related problems. The literal meaning of population is "the whole number of people or inhabitants in a country or region", and the literal meaning of population explosion is "a pyramiding of numbers of a biological population". As the number of people in a pyramid increases, so do the problems related to the increased population. Some of the reasons for this population explosion are poverty, better medical facilities, and immigration from the neighboring countries. The population in India continues to increase at an alarming rate. The effects of this population increase are evident in the increasing poverty, unemployment, air and water pollution, and shortage of food, health resources and educational resources.

373.

If you travel to a place for a few days with your family, will it be considered migration?

Answer»

It will be temporary type of migration or migration for pleasure. 

For example, people go to Kashmir for 10/15 days.

374.

Discuss the problems faced by counties in stage 4 and stage 5.

Answer»

Problems faced by stage 4 countries are as under:

  • The death rate is very low and going down as the medical facilities have improved and pandemic like plague, cholera, small pox, etc., are eradicated.
  • Birth rate is the same as death rate so population growth is minimal.
  • Problems faces by stage 5 countries are as under.
  • In this stage the birth rate is very low and death rate is high. Therefore, the growth of population is slow or negative growth of population is seen.
  • Due to large number of old people the death rate is high and due to a smaller number of young people birth rate is low.
  • Due to large number of old people, dependent population is high.
  • Due to less young age population, working population is limited.
  • As a result, the size of dependant population is larger than active population and it has adverse effect on economy of the country.
375.

What do you understand by the development of human resources?

Answer»

The development of human resources is the framework for helping employees to develop their knowledge, skills and abilities, which improves an effectiveness of organisations. Because these are the people who with their abilities make a valuable material with the help of any natural resource. Human Resource Development is the vast field of training and development provided by organisations. HRD (Human Resource Development) can be formal like in classroom training, a college course etc.

376.

A majority of Brazilians have concentrated within 300 kilometers of the ________. (a) Guyana highlands (b) Amazon river,(c) Eastern coastal areas (d) Pantanal wetlands

Answer»

Correct option: (c) Eastern coastal areas

377.

Autecology is theA. Relation of a population to is environmentB. Relation of an individual to its environmentC. Relation of a community to its environmentD. Relation of a biome to its environment

Answer» Correct Answer - B
378.

Biosphere isA. composed of all living organisms present on earth which interact with the physical environment.B. composed of the plants present in the soil.C. a component in the ecosystem.D. life in the outer space.

Answer» Correct Answer - A
379.

Ecotone isA. A pulluted areaB. The bottom of a lakeC. A zone of developing communityD. A zone of transition between two communities

Answer» Correct Answer - D
380.

If the birth rate is greater than the death rate then the population …………. . (i) decreases (ii) increases(iii) remains constant (iv) becomes surplus

Answer»

Correct option is (ii) increases

Correct answer is ii) increases.
381.

Observe the figure carefully and answer the following questions given below.1. What is the class interval of the data?2. In which decade was India’s life expectancy the highest?3. In which year has the difference in the life expectancy between Brazil and India been the maximum? By how much?4. Has the difference in life expectancy been increasing or decreasing?5. What is the similarity between both the graphs?6. Is the increase in life expectancy a positive or a negative indicator of an economy? Why?

Answer»

1. The class interval of the data is 10 years.

2. Highest life expectancy in India was in the decade of 1960-1970.

3. In the year I960, the difference between the life expectancy of Brazil and India has been the maximum by 13 years. (54 – 51)

4. During the past 36 years, i.e. from 1980 onwards, the difference between the life expectancy of Brazil and India has remained constant. It has been 7 to 8 years.

5. Both India and Brazil have experienced an increase in the life expectancy. Both the graphs indicate an upward trend continuously.

6. The increase in life expectancy is a positive indicator for any economy because longer the people’s average age, longer is their contribution towards the growth of an economy.

382.

Population growth rate graphs: Look at the graphs in Fig. indicating the population growth rate of Brazil and India and answer the following questions.1. What is the common feature in both the graphs?2. What is India’s growth rate of population in 2011?3. In which two decades has the population growth rate of India remained almost stable?4. From which time period has Brazil seen a sharp decline in the population growth rate?5. What is the main point of difference between the two graphs?6. What is the interesting feature of Brazil’s growth rate of population?

Answer»

1. Both the graphs are indicating a downward trend in population growth rate of Brazil and India.

2. India’s population growth rate in 2011 is 1.5%.

3. The population growth rate of India has remained almost stable during the two decades 1971 to 1981 and 1981 to 1991.

4. From 1980-1990, Brazil has seen a sharp decline in the population growth rate.

5. (i) In the first decade between 1961-1971 the growth rate in India showed an upward trend whereas Brazil has a downward trend throughout. 

(ii) Also the decline in Brazil is more sharp but India’s decline in the growth rate is marginal.

6. The interesting feature of Brazil’s population growth rate is that it is about to touch 0.0 and then will begin its negative growth rate i.e. the population will start decreasing.

383.

Complete the ChainABC(1) Physical(1) Forcing to migrate(1) Discrimination(2) Economic(2) Earthquake(2) Floods(3) Social(3) Standard of living(3) Business

Answer»
ABC
(1) Physical(1) Earthquake(1) Floods
(2) Economic(2) Standard of living(2) Business
(3) Social(3) Forcing to migrate(3) Discrimination
384.

Physical factors responsible for migration. (a) Volcanoes (b) Tsunami (c) Jobs (d) Droughts

Answer»

Correct option: (c) Jobs

385.

Social factors responsible for migration. (a) Education (b) Marriage (c) Health (d) Improved standard of living

Answer»

Correct option: (d) Improved standard of living

386.

Social factors responsible for migration (a) Discrimination (b) Education (c) Standard of living (d) Medical facilities

Answer»

Correct option: (c) Standard of living

387.

Quaternary occupations (a) Education(b) Medicine (c) Research (d) Communication

Answer»

Correct option: (d) Communication

388.

Which continent has the highest population ? 1. Asia 2. Europe 3. North America 4. South America

Answer»

Which continent has the highest population ?

1. Asia

389.

What measures can be taken to strike a balance in the sex ratio?

Answer»

The following measures can be taken to strike a balance in the sex ratio:

1. Increasing literacy rate of females.

2. Increasing employment opportunities for women. 

3. Eradicating evil social customs. 

4. Launching government schemes of women empowerment.

390.

Name the languages spoken in our country.

Answer»

There is a great diversity in languages spoken in India:

Assamese, Orriya, Urdu, Kannad, Kashmiri, Gujrati, Tamil, Telugu, Punjabi, Bangla, Malyalam, Sanskrit, Sindhi and Hindi are the main languages of India. These have a constitutional status. The languages of the South Tamil, Telugu, Kannad and Malyalam have their origin fthm Dravidian system. A large number of people ih India speak Hindi, understand Hiridiffebn if it is not their mother tongue. Hindi is the national language of India.

391.

What are characteristic features of regional distribution of population?

Answer»

Characteristic features of regional distribution of population:

  1. The distribution of population is uneven in India. There is dense population in river valleys and coastal plains. There is sparse population in hilly areas, deserts and drought affected areas. 16% of the area of the country, in the Northern plains only 3% people of India live. 94% of population lives on an area of 18% in plains. Only 2% population lives on an area of 6% in Rajasthan.
  2. Most of the people live in villages. Only 31% people live in urban areas.
  3. A large part of minorities live in sensitive border area. Along the N.W. border of India; Sikhs in Punjab and Muslims in J & K, form a majority community. Along the borders of China and Burma, in the North-East, mostly Christians are found. It has created many political, economic and social problems.
  4. On the one hand, there is concentration of population in river valleys and coastal areas, but deserts, hilly areas are sparsely populated. It looks like a demographic divide.
392.

Write a short note on the population distribution in India.

Answer»

India is a vast country having diverse types of relief patterns, soils and climatic conditions. Owing to this fact, it is usual to have uneven distribution of population

1. Climate: Areas having moderate climate have more population than the areas having extreme climatic conditions. 

2. Types of Soil: India’s northern plains are made up of alluvial soil which is very fertile and are densely populated. On the other hand, hilly areas and deserts are sparsely populated. 

3. Opportunity for jobs: Urban areas are thickly populated because of the good opportunity of job

4. Religious and historical places: Like Allahabad, Varanasi, Rameshwaram, Agra, etc. are also thickly populated areas.

393.

What is Migration ?

Answer»

It is Movement of people across regions and territories.

394.

Give a brief account of economic advantages and disadvantages of large population.

Answer»

Advantages of large population: 

A large population makes positive contribution to economic growth because of availability of larger manpower for productive activities in the fields of secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors. 

Disadvantages of large population: 

(i) Per capita income goes down as the national income is distributed among larger number of people. 

(ii) Consumption trend gets upward, reducing the size of savings. 

(iii) Increasing population results in increased pressure on land and it adversely affects productivity in agriculture. 

(iv) Poverty and unemployment conditions increase day by day.

395.

Countries which have large population in the world. (a) India (b) China (c) USA (d) Australia

Answer»

Correct option: (d) Australia

396.

Which is responsible for making population a dynamic phenomenon ?

Answer»

Migration, Birth rate and Death rate

397.

A – The sex ratio is an important information about the status of men in the country. R – The ratio between the number of women and men in the population is called sex ratio.(a) Only A is correct. (b) Only R is correct. (c) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. (d) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Answer»

Correct option: (b) Only R is correct.

398.

Which state has the highest density of population ?

Answer»

West Bengal has the highest density of population. 

399.

A – Large size population in the age group of 15 to 59 indicate large size independent population.R – The number of children in 0-15 age group indicate high dependency ratio.(a) Only A is correct. (b) Only R is correct.(c) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.(d) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Answer»

(d) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

400.

Distinguish between Total population and Average density of population.

Answer»
Total PopulationAverage Density of Population
(i) It is the number of people actually existing in the area.(i) It is the number of people in a unit area after the distribution of the total population uniformly.
(ii) Its unit of measurement is number of people.(ii) Its unit of measurement is number of people per unit area.
(iii) Its value depends on number of people only.(iii) Its value depends on both the number of people as well as the total area.