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1. Normally the blood that comes out from a wound clots in 3 – 6 minutes. But in some people due to vitamin K deficiency it takes more time to clot. 

2. Due to genetic defect blood may not coagulate. This type of defect is called Haemophilia. 

3. Haemophilia is a common disorder in the children who have born from the marriages between very close relatives.

Correct option is B) Phloem

Observation of blood flow in arteries and veins. 

Procedure: 

1. Sit on a table with one leg dangling and the other resting on it so that the back of one knee rests on the knee of the other. 

2. After some time we feel the leg which is on top give a series of small movements with each heart beat.

3. Repeat it for a long time. 

Observation: The blood flow reduces to the leg and so develop “pins and needles”. Conclusion: The blood flow from arteries to legs slowed down results pins and needles. 

Swing the arm round several times to fill the veins with blood, hold the arm vertically downwards and gently press your finger along a prominent vein – stroking it in the reverse direction to the blood flow. 

Observation: We can see the swellings. 

Conclusion: Veins have to carry blood from body parts to the heart. When the arm is hold tightly blood is stopped in the veins there forms swelling.

The arteries receives blood directly from the heart hence the pressure is more in arteries than veins.

The very fine blood vessels that connect smallest arteries and veins are called capillaries.

Means of communication like mails, telephone, cell phones, internet, etc. are widely used nowadays.

The movement of people and goods from one place to another is called transportation.

1. Blood clotting do not be takes place. 

2. So bleeding from the injuries occurs continuously leads to death of the person.

Heart is located in between the lungs and protected by rib cage.

Running, Exercise, Fear, Tension, Climbing up stairs.

(A) 100 – 150

(A) Heart beat

Answer is (B) Artery

The heart is a pear shaped structure, triangle in the outline, wider at the anterior end and narrower at the posterior end.

Heart is a pear shaped structure, triangle in outline, wider at the anterior end and narrower at the posterior end.

A) Rate of heart beat and pulse are equal

(B) Pear fruit

(A) mitral valve

(A) Pericardium

(D) coagulation

Transport removes the hindrance of Place.

(a) Advantages of railway transport: 

1. Railways are well suited for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. 

2. It can provide long distance travel throughout the day and night with unbroken services.

(b) Advantages of inland waterways:

1. It is considered as the cheapest mode of transport among the other modes of transport. 

2. It is most suitable for heavy loads.

(c) Advantages of air transport:

1. It provides a regular, convenient, efficient and quick service. 

2. Perishable goods like fruits, vegetables, egg, meat, etc., can be transported quickly.

1. It is an antigen occuring on the red blood cells of many humans (85%) and same other primates known as the rhesus factor. 

2. It also plays major role in transfusion. 

3. Rhesus factor was first discovered in rhesus monkeys.

a) If blood is not coagulated, it bleeds continuously from the wound, some times it leads to death of a person.

b) The enzyme thrombokinase helps in coagulation process.

c) Thrombokinase acts on another substance present in blood called prothrombin converting it into thrombin.

d) The yellow coloured fluid appear after the formation of the clot is SERUM.

C) Rene Laennec

A) Right left auricles

(D) 2 auricles, 2 ventricles

B) Inter ventricular septum

C) Atria and ventricles

(A) Platyhelminthes

In Platyhelminthes digestive system supplies food to all the cells directly and the excretory system collects wastes from each cell individually. e.g: Fasciola hepatica.

Root pressure also plays a significant role in the absorption and movement of water in the xylem.

All living organisms need nutrients, gases, liquids, etc. for the growth and maintenance of the body.

Osmosis plays a very important role in water absorption by root hairs.

In lower organisms like Amoeba and Hydra, all the materials are transported through a simple process like diffusion, osmosis, etc.

In higher organisms developed a specialized system called circulatory system for the transport of materials in the body.

1. Freshly collected specimen of goat’s heart 

2. Soda straws 

3. Used pen refils 

4. The sharp and long blade 

5. Tray 

6. A jug of water 

7. Dissection scissors 

8. Forceps 

9. Gloves

The digestive system is highly branched and supplies digested food to all the cells in platyhelminthes.

(B) Annelids

The Pseudocoelom takes up the function of collection and distribution of materials in Nematyhelminthes.

(D) both A and B

The Annelids are the first eucoelomate animals.

The Arthropods have developed the heart, a pulsative organ to pump the blood.

D) All of these

Doctors measure blood pressure in the upper arm artery.

Gnaw: Bite at or nibble something persistently.

The transportation system where the blood takes the responsibility of delivering the materials, which flows in the blood vessels is called closed type of circulatory system, e.g : Annelids, echinoderms, cephalopod molluscs and all the higher animals.

Grey squirrels do great damage particularly to beech and sycamore.