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It may affect our sense like hearing, touch or taste. People can be over or under responsive to things with difficulty. Some people may scream when touched. They may fail to respond to extreme hot or cold or even pain. It may affect multiple senses. Patient may lack coordination.

People with OCD are plagued by constant thought or fears that cause them to perform certain rituals and routines. The disturbing thoughts are called obsessions, and the rituals are called compulsions. A person with an unreasonable fear of germs constantly washes his/her hands.

It is a condition in which the brain has trouble receiving and responding to information that comes in through the senses. Some people with SPD are oversensitive to things in their environment. Common sounds may be painful or overwhelming. Example Bump into things.

We receive and perceive sensory input through sights, sounds, touch, tastes, smells, movement and balance, body position and muscle control. When facing difficulty in interpreting this input it can lead to devastating consequences with daily functioning, behavioral challenges, self esteem, learning. interaction with others, regulating emotions etc.

A person with Hyperactivity appears restless and fidgety, may bounce from one activity to other. often tries to do more than one thing at once, seems unable to sit still, roaming around the room

It is a neurological condition in which a child's brain confuses and misinterprets sensory information. resulting in appropriate or abnormal responses. It can affect one sense or combination of the senses. 

(a) Promotes self esteem and general level of happiness. 

(b) It affects their strength and gross motor development.

Autism spectrum disorder include social communications and behaviour related challenges. It includes both genetic and environment influences. It is diagnosed between 2-3 years of age.

Respond towards them: 

If any disabled person asks for your help, it does not mean that he is dependent on you. But it means that he is friendly to you. So, try to help them with hapiness and positivity.

It is a set of guideline-s dealing specifically with how to approach people with disabilities, for example, think before you speak, be sensitive about physical contact" respond graciously to requests, don't make assumptions.

In most cases, the causes of ADHD is unknown. They are more likely to be genetic. Many children with ADHD have a family history of the disorders or behaviours associated with ADHD. Physiological factors and environmental toxins have all been considered as potential risk factors.

The persons involved in putting-out system are weavers and merchants.
This system is advantageous for the weavers in two ways:
(a) They do not have to spend their money on the purchase of yam.
(b) They are also free from the tension of selling the finished cloth.
This system is disadvantageous for the weavers in these ways:
(a) They have to depend on the merchants for raw materials as well as markets.
(b) Under this system the merchants become very powerful. They give orders for what is to be made and they pay a very low price for making the cloth.
(c) The weavers have no way of knowing who they are making the cloth for or at what price it will be sold.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder affects children and teens and can continue into adulthood. ADHD is the most common diagnosed mental disorder of children that affects a person's ability to pay attention. This is more common in school age children.

Weekly Market (Santha) : Weekly markets are traditional markets. Generally, these markets are found in the rural areas.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder. Its symptoms are hyperactive and impulsiveness.

Correct option is C) sugar

Yes. I agree with the statement by the following reasons. 

1. Heavy competition from Rythu Bazaars. 

2. Weekly market vendors face mass competition from local shops, supermarket like Big Bazars DMart, etc. 

3. Lack of Formal Credit Access. 

4. Lack of space for market, etc.

In some areas markets are held on a particular day of the week. These are called weekly markets.

The garment exporting factory exports the shirts to foreign buyers.

It is a disorder in which a person in unable to control his/her behaviour due to difficulty in processing neural stimuli, accompanied by an extremely high level of motor activity. A child with ADHD may be extremely distractible, unable to remain still and very talkative. Treatment includes making adjustment to the environment to accommodate the disorder, behaviour modification and use of medications.

Types of Disorders one:

ADHD - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. 

SPD - Sensory Processing Disorder. 

ASD - Autism Spectrum Disorder. 

ODD - Oppositional Detiant Disorder. 

OCD - Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

In a cooperative people with common interests come together and work for their mutual benefit. In a weaver’s cooperative, the weavers form a group and take up certain activities collectively. They get yam from the yam dealer and distribute it among the weavers. The cooperative also does the marketing. In this way, the role of the merchants is reduced and weavers get a fair price on the cloth that they produce by dint of their hard labour.

(a) Genetic. Prenatal disabilities are acquired before birth. They may be due to diseases or substances that the mother has been exposed to during pregnancy or genetic disorders. 

(b) Post-natal Disabilities. are gained after birth. they can be due to accidents, obesity, infection or other illeness. They can also occur by bleeding of the brain during delivery.

The sailor’s name was Gulliver.

Weekly Markets: Shops are temporary. 

Neighbour Markets : Shops are permanent.

In the weekly market there are many shops that sell the same goods. This creates competition among them.

A weekly market is called so because it is held an a specific day of the week.

Methods of speed development: Speed is a performance pre-requisite to do motor actions under given conditions in minimum time. There are two methods of developing speed.

(a) Acceleration runs: It is the ability to achieve high speed of locomotion from a stationary position or from a slow moving position. Acceleration ability is improved indirectly by improving on explosive strength, technique and movement frequency. Short sprints of 25-80 metres are the best means for direct improvement of acceleration. The maximum speed achieved by a sprinter from the stationary start is about 6 seconds. Various researches have shown that during a sprint run the speed also increases with time. 

At the end of 1st, second the approximate speed is 55% of his maximum. 

At the end of 3rd second the approximate speed is 91% of his maximum. 

At the end of 5th second the approximate speed is 99% of his maximum. 

Number of repetitions is between 5 to 8. The repetitions can be divided into two series of 3 to 4. The repetitions should be stopped as and when the sportsperson is not able to maintain maximum speed. 

(b) Pace Races: This is an effective training meant for improving speed endurance. Distance selected is repeated at high speed, a speed that can be kept constant throughout the distance. The actual distance and number of repetitions will depend upon the game or sport. In these races the pace has to be set with the other athletes. For example, in the repetition of 200 metres the pacesetter stands about 10-15 metres ahead of a good athlete. In pace races the speed of the runner is faster. The pacemaker's movement should be properly given otherwise. i.e., will slow down the repetition of the good athlete and will have a negative effect on speed and motor coordination. In the pace races the speed of an athlete requires a high degree of concentration and complete attention towards the race to get best results.

Strength: Ability of the muscles to overcome the resistance/Capacity of the body to exert force/force that muscle can exert against resistance. 

Methods: (a) Isometric (b) lsotonic (c) isokinetic (Brief Explanation). 

Isometric exercises: These are the exercises in which no movement takes place while force is exerted against an imrnovable object. It develops only tension at the joint concerned. It is also called static muscle contraction, e.g. Pushing against a wall.

Isokinetic exercise: This is a type of muscle contraction where both the tension and speed are prefixed throughout the range of motion. This process involves development of maximum tension in muscles which shortens at constant speed at all angles, e.g. Treadmill. 

Isotonic: Iso means 'SAME' and tonic means TENSION. In isotonic contraction muscle contracts and shortens under a constant load throughout the entire range of joint. The shortening of a muscle's principle action (length of muscle decreases) is called concentric. The lengthening of the muscle (length increases) after contraction is called eccentric. Such types of contractions are commonly used in games and sports. This is also called dynamic contraction. In the initial phase of movement" concerned muscles are stretched and then they contract explosively. Because of shortening and lengthening of muscles there is always a resultant movement at concerned joint. In majority of the cases the dynamic muscle contraction is a specific combination of concentric and eccentric contractions. This happens in all explosive movements like jumps. throws, etc.

Various advantages of circuit training are:

(a) It combines a number of different components of training, thus total fitness is emphasized. 

(b) The circuit training can be modified to fit the needs of any group or individual. 

(c) It is easy to plan in a confined place. 

(d) Many can be trained at the same time and saves time. 

(e) It motivates the athletes to continue improving their score on performance card. 

(f) It builds cardio-respiratory endurance of athletes which improves overall efficiency.

Example 400, 800 and 1500 m races.

There are many signs of Intellectual disability in children. Signs may appear during infancy, or they may not be noticeable until a child reaches the school age. Some of the signs are: 

(a) rolling over, sitting up, crawling or walking late. 

(b) talking late or having trouble with talking 

(c) slow to master things like dressing and feeding herself/himself. 

(d) Difficulty in remembering things. 

(e) Inability to connect actions with consequences. 

(f) Behaviour problems such as explosive tantrums. 

(g) Difficulty with problem solving or logical thinking. 

(h) In case of severe intellectual disability there can be mood disorders, autism, vision or hearing problems and other health related problems as well.

Large farmers would sell their cotton in the market. Their situation is different from Swapna. Unlike Swapna, they grew cotton on their own and therefore they are free to sell them anywhere they wish.

No. Swapna did not get a fair price on the cotton. The local trader paid her low price.

(a) Resistance of own body (Running, jumping) 

(b) Resistance of Implement (throwing, exercise with light wt.)

Let us consider the example of milk consumption. It has a long chain of markets in reaching to the people in the big city. It starts with the small farmers or villagers who have one to five cows or buffaloes in the villages. They sell milk to Ghusi (milkmen). The Ghusi collect milk, from each cow/buffalo owner every night and morning. They give this collection to either dairy farms or traders. The trader collects a huge quantity of milk from rural area, through Ghusis. The trader provides this bulk of milk to dairy farms like Mother Dairy in Delhi or some times small dairy farms. In turn, these big or small dairy farms supply milk either in packets or loose to us (consumers) directly through dairy centres or through shops in the cities. 

The people who help in the production or trade of milk are—villagers who domesticate cows/buffaloes in the rural area, Ghusi (milkmen), traders (in between Ghusis and dairy farms), dairy farmers, and shop keepers in the towns or cities.

Swapna was a small farmer. Her production of cotton was in small quantity. She did not have capital even to purchase seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers required to start cultivation of cotton. The trader was a powerful man in the village and the farmers depended on him for loans not only for cultivation, but also to meet other exigencies such as illnesses, children’s school fees. Also, there are times in the year when there is no work and no income for the farmers, so borrowing money is the only means of survival. Swapna had to take loan at high interest from the trader under a condition to sell her cotton to him. She had to pay him the principal loan amount and interest thereon as well as sell her cotton to the trader. Due to these reasons, Swapna was bound to sell her cotton to the trader instead of selling it at the Kurnool cotton market.

Health, success and power stem from genuine faith in goodness and yourself as well as unyielding purity of mind and thought.

1. Swapna sells the cotton to the trader. 

3. Trader sells cotton to the Ginning Mill. 

9. Ginning mill cleans the cotton and makes it into bales. 

7. Spinning mill buys the cotton and sells yarn to the yarn dealers. 

5. Yarn dealers or merchants give the yarn to the weavers. 

8. Weavers return with the cloth. 

4. Garment exporters buy the cloth from merchants for making shirts. 

6. The exporter sells shirts to the business person from the U.S.A. 

2. Customers buy these shirts in a super market.

Immovability is the secret of power. The man who is not moved by emotion or passion and remains calm and firm is the powerful man.

When our heart will go large, loving and unselfish, our influence and success will be lasting.

There are seven types of coordinative abilities. There are different abilities for different games/sport. They are:

(a) Differentiation ability: It is the ability to achieve a high level cf fine tuning or harmony of individual movement phases and body part movements. It is a high degree of accuracy and high level of mastery over sports movements for effective application in competition. 

For example: In gymnastics differential ability enables highly precise and accurate movements according to given model of movement. In football harmony of feet and head counts. 

(b) Orientation ability: It is the ability to change the position and movements of the body in time and space in relation to a definite field of action. In gymnastics the position and the movement of head and eyes is important for orientation. In wrestling, kinesthetic sense organs assume importance, in Football vision, especially peripheral vision, is decisive. 

(c) Coupling ability: It is the ability to coordinate body part movements in relation to a definite goal, criented body movement. 

For example: In football, the foot-movement for all control or dribbling have to be coupled with the whole body movement of running. jumping, etc. Likewise in wrestling the movements of hands, legs. frunk and head have to be successfully combined.

(d) Reaction ability: It is the ability to react quickly and effectively to a signal. To a great extent it depends on sense organs, coordinative processes of CNS, decision-making, concentration and anticipation. 

(e) Balance ability: It is the ability to maintain balance between body movements. Both static as well as dynamic balance is important in sports. 

(f) Rhythm ability: It is the ability to produce a rhythm, existing in motor memory, in motor action. For example, In Gymnastics the sportsman has to perceive an external rhythm, given in the form of music and to express it in his movements. in other sports rhythm is not given from outside, the sportsman has to make use of rhythm stored in his motor memory. 

(g) Adaptation ability: It is the ability to adjust or completely change the movement programme during tire movement on the basis of changes or anticipated changes in the situation. The situational changes may be expected ones or may suddenly take place. It depends heavily on experience.

Coordinative Abilities: The basic requirement for good coordination is control on nervous system and letter development of motor components. We can define coordinative abilities as a group of movements with better quality and effect. Therefore, the various sense organs involved in motor coordination are necessary biological prerequisites for the improvement and perfection of coordinative abilities. The rhythm, flow, accuracy, constancy, amplitude, etc. determines the level of coordinative abilities.

The law of universe is that good actions bear good fruits and bad actions bring evil results.

He is the man of power who, when all his fellows are swayed by some emotion or passion, remains calm and unmoved.

Foolish people waste their mental and spiritual energy in meanless, foolish talks or selfish debate.