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30 किग्रा० प्रति हेक्टेयर

सही विकल्प है (घ) उपर्युक्त सभी

सही विकल्प है (क) मई के अंतिम सप्ताह में

The Boss asks Shamnath’s mother to sing.

(b) American

Correct answer is (b) mother

The mother is unwilling to make phulkari because of her feeble eye-sight.

माँ अपनी कमजोर नजर के कारण फुलकारी बनाने की अनिच्छुक है।

Shamnath’s mother sells her jewellery for his son’s education.

शामनाथ की माँ अपने आभूषणों को अपने पुत्र की शिक्षा के लिए बेचती है।

The mother does not want to have her meal the day the boss is to come because flesh is to be cooked in the house.

माँ अपना भोजन उस दिन नहीं लेना चाहती जिस दिन बॉस आने वाला हैं क्योंकि घर में माँस पकाया जाने को है।

Shamnath and his wife do not want the mother to appear before the boss because she was an old fashioned woman.

शामनाथ और उसकी पत्नी बॉस के सामने माँ की उपस्थिति इसलिए नहीं चाहते थे क्योंकि वह पुराने ढंग की थी।

The rude behaviour of a son and his wife towards his mother, is so disturbing about the story. His wife wants to send her to the neighbours. She thinks that if the mother stays the night here, she will start snoring. It may displeased the invited boss. The son wants to lock her in a room. They are both worried about her oddities. She is considered a problem in the house. But it is the mother who eventually emerges as a saviour for Shamnath and his wife.

बेटे तथा उसकी पत्नी का उसकी माँ के प्रति अभद्र व्यवहार, कहानी में तकलीफदेह है। उसकी पत्नी उसे पड़ोसियों के पास भेजना चाहती है। वह सोचती है कि अगर माँ रात को यहाँ ठहरती है, वह खर्राटे लेने लगेगी। इससे आमन्त्रित बॉस अप्रसन्न हो सकता है। बेटा उसे एक कमरे में बन्द करना चाहता है। वे दोनों उसकी विचित्रताओं के बारे में चिन्तित हैं। उसे घर में एक समस्या के रूप में माना जाता है। लेकिन यह माँ ही है, जो अंततः शामनाथ और उसकी पत्नी के लिए एक मुक्तिदाता के रूप में उभर कर आती है।

The boss likes the Indian dishes and his wife likes the curtains, the sofa covers and the decor in the host’s house.

मेजबान के घर में बॉस भारतीय व्यंजनों को पसन्द करती है तथा उसकी पत्नी पर्दो, सोफा की चादरों और गृह-सज्जा शैली को पसन्द करती है।

On inviting his boss to dinner at his house, Shamnath feels his mother a nuisance. Mr. Shamnath’s wife wants to solve the problem of his mother by sending her to the neighbours for night.

अपने बॉस को डिनर पर घर बुलाने पर मि. शामनाथ को अपनी माँ समस्या प्रतीत होती है। मि. शामनाथ की पत्नी उसकी माँ की समस्या को उसे एक रात के लिए पड़ोसियों के यहाँ भेजकर हल करना चाहती है।

1. False

2. False

3. False

4. True

5. True

These lines reflect about Shamnath’s character that he does not care of his mother. He has invited his boss to dinner. All preparations are made. But he is worried about his mother who belongs to a village. She is illiterate. She is in habit of snoring. He wants to show great pomp and show to his boss so that he may be pleased with him and give him a higher lift. Even his mother does not have bangles and good clothes. She is kept in her room. On the whole Shamnath is not a devoted son to her.

ये पंक्तियाँ शामनाथ के चरित्र के बारे में दर्शाती हैं कि वह अपनी माँ की परवाह नहीं करता है। उसने अपने बॉस को रात्रिभोज पर आमन्त्रित किया है। सभी तैयारियाँ पूरी कर ली जाती हैं। लेकिन वह अपनी माँ के बारे में चिन्तित है जो एक गाँव की है। वह अनपढ़ है। वह खर्राटे लेती है। वह अपने बॉस को आडम्बर दिखाना चाहता है जिससे वह उससे प्रसन्न हो जाये तथा उसे एक ऊँचा पद दे सके। यहाँ तक कि उसकी माँ के पास चूड़ियाँ और अच्छे कपड़े भी नहीं हैं। उसे उसके कमरे में रखा जाता है। कुल मिलाकर शामनाथ उसके प्रति समर्पित नहीं है।

The mother agrees to make phulkari for the boss because she has known that if he is pleased, his son may get a lift in the office.

माँ बॉस के लिए एक फुलकारी बनाने के लिए सहमत हो जाती है क्योंकि वह जान चुकी है कि अगर वह प्रसन्न होता है तो उसका बेटा ऑफिस में एक ऊँचा पद प्राप्त कर सकता है।

Before the guests’ coming, Shamnath sees her mother sitting on a low wooden chowki. Her face is almost covered with the dopatta. She is telling her beads.

मेहमानों के आने से पहले, शामनाथ अपनी माँ को एक लकड़ी की चौकी पर बैठे हुए देखता है। उसका चेहरा लगभग दुपट्टे से ढका हुआ है। वह माला के मणियों को जप रही है।

The mother looks only slightly improved when she comes out in white kameez and white salwar. She has short, shrivelled, lacklustre eyes only half of her sparse hair covered with the dopatta.

माँ में थोड़ा-सा सुधार दिखता है जब वह सफेद कमीज तथा सलवार में बाहर आती है। उसकी छोटी, मुरझाई हुई, शिथिल आँखें तथा दुपट्टे से उसके केवल आधे छितराये बाल ढके हुए हैं।

Shamnath is meticulous about the smallest detail by fixing the pegs in the walls, placing the bedsteads in a corner and thinking which sari his wife should put on etc.

शामनाथ, दीवारों पर खूटियां लगाकर, एक कोने में चारपाइयाँ रखकर तथा यह सोचते हुए कि उसकी पत्नी को कौनसी साड़ी पहननी चाहिए, छोटी से छोटी जानकारी के लिए सतर्क रहता है।

Mr. Shamnath’s dinner had reached the crescendo of success. The topics changed with every change of glasses. Everything was going superbly. The Sahib liked the Indian dishes and the Memsahib the curtains, the sofa covers and the decor. The Sahib had shed his reserve and was regaling the audience with anecdotes. Memsahib was so free with Mrs. Shamnath and with the men, as if they were old friends.

मि. शामनाथ का रात्रिभोज सफलता की चरम सीमा पर पहुँच गया था। गिलास बदलने के साथ प्रसंग बदल जाता। सब कुछ शानदार ढंग से चल रहा था। साहिब ने भारतीय व्यंजन और मेमसाहिब ने पर्दे, सोफा के कवर, गृह सज्जा शैली को पसन्द किया। साहिब ने अपना संकोच छोड़ दिया और लतीफों से श्रोतागण को प्रसन्न कर रहा था। मेमसाहिब, श्रीमती शामनाथ और आदमियों से इतनी खुल गई थी, जैसे मानो कि वे उसके पुराने दोस्त थे।

The mother nervously fingers her beads, adjusts her dopatta over her head and sits down in the chair. She sits in the chair with her feet up.

माँ घबराते हुए अपने मणियों पर अँगुलियाँ चलाती है, अपने सिर पर दुपट्टे को सही करती है और कुर्सी पर बैठ जाती है। वह कुर्सी पर पैर ऊपर करके बैठती है।

Throwing up his hands in irritation, Shamnath says to his wife that his mother was going to visit her brother but she had stopped her.

गुस्से में अपने हाथों से ध्यान आकृष्ट करते हुए, शामनाथ अपनी पत्नी से कहता है कि उसकी माँ अपने । भाई के पास जा रही थी लेकिन उसी ने उसे रोक लिया था।

Mr. Shamnath’s mother is illiterate. She can neither read nor write. She belongs to a village. She is a religious woman who is always busy in telling the beads. She knows how to sing folk songs and make a phulkari. She is scared of English sahibs even from a distance. She wants to go to Haridwar so that her son may live happily with his wife. She is a devoted woman. When she comes to know about his son’s promotion, she makes a phulkari for the boss.

मि. शामनाथ की माँ अनपढ़ है। वह न पढ़ सकती है और न ही लिख सकती है। वह एक गांव में रहने वाली है। वह एक धार्मिक औरत है जो हमेशा मनकों की माला से जाप करती रहती है। वह लोकगीत गाना तथा फुलकारी बनाना जानती है। वह एक दूरी से भी इंग्लिश साहिबों से दहशत खा जाती है। वह हरिद्वार जाना चाहती है जिससे उसका बेटा अपनी पत्नी के साथ खुशी से रह सके वह स्नेहपूर्ण महिला है। जब वह अपने बेटे की पदोन्नति के बारे में जान जाती है, वह बॉस के लिए एक फुलकारी बनाती है।

After reaching the verandah, Mr. Shamnath sees that outside her room mother is sitting exactly as he has left her, but both her feet are on the seat and her head sways from side to side. She snores heavily. When her head falls to one side, her snores become louder and when she awakes with a jolt she again starts swaying from side to side. The end of her dopatta has slipped from her head and her thin hair lies in confusion over the bald portion of her head.

बरामदे में पहुँचने के बाद मि, शामनाथ देखता है कि माँ अपने कमरे के बाहर उसी स्थिति में बैठी हुई है। जैसा उसने उसे छोड़ा है, लेकिन उसके दोनों पैर सीट पर हैं और उसका सिर एक तरफ से दूसरी तरफ झूल जाता है। वह तेज खर्राटे लेती है। जब उसका सिर एक तरफ गिरता है, उसके खर्राटे तेज हो जाते हैं और जब वह एक झटके से जागती है, वह दुबारा एक तरफ से दूसरी तरफ झूलने लगती है। उसके दुपट्टे का अन्तिम सिरा उसके सिर से फिसल गया है और उसके पतले बाल उसके सिर के गंजे भाग पर अस्त-व्यस्तता में होते हैं।

Mr. Shamnath has invited his boss to dinner. Neither he nor his wife can pause even to wipe the perspiration from their faces. They run from room to room, tickling off items in a long list. By five, they have succeeded in putting some kind of order into the arrangements. Chairs, tables, side tables, napkins, flowers, they are all there in the verandah, neatly arranged. They want to impress the boss.

मि. शामनाथ ने अपने बॉस को रात्रिभोज पर आमन्त्रित किया है। न तो वह और न ही उसकी पत्नी अपने चेहरों से पसीने को पोंछने के लिए विराम कर सकते हैं। एक लम्बी सूची में चीजों के निशान लगाते हुए, वे एक कमरे से दूसरे कमरे में दौड़ते हैं। पाँच बजे तक वे कुछ प्रकार की चीजों को क्रमबद्धता में रखने में सफल हो गये हैं। बरामदे में कुर्सियों, मेज, साइड की मेज, नेपकिन, फूलों, वे सभी सुव्यवस्थित ढंग से बरामदे में हैं। वे बॉस को प्रभावित करना चाहते हैं।

Mr. Shamnath inefficiently tries to explain that a phulkari is a sort of embroidered piece of cloth.

मि. शामनाथ अक्षमतापूर्वक समझाने की कोशिश करता है कि एक फुलकारी एक प्रकार का कढ़ाई किया हुआ कपड़ा होता है।

Mother almost shrinks into herself. Hesitantly she tries to fold her hands in greeting. Thus she responds to the boss’s ‘Namaste’.

माँ लगभग अपने आप में सहम जाती है। हिचकिचाते हुए वह अपने हाथों को स्नेहालिंगन करने की कोशिश करती है। इस प्रकार से वह बॉस के नमस्कार की प्रतिक्रिया दिखाती है।

When the son knocks at the door after the boss has departed, his mother is afraid of him thinking if she has made another blunder.

बॉस के चले जाने के बाद जब बेटा दरवाजा खटखटाता है, उसकी माँ उससे यह सोचती हुई डर जाती है कि क्या उसने कोई दूसरी बड़ी भूल कर दी है।

There are two types of warming-up: 

(a) General warm-up (b) Specific warm-up 

(a) General warm-up: It includes light jogging, stretching, striding, sprints and exercise for all parts of the body from head to toe. 

(b) Specific warm-up: This is related to the movement structure of the major game or activity. For example, A shot putter will warm-up his biceps and triceps before putting the shot.

Warm-up: The physical preparation for a training session is achieved through optimum warm-up which consists of doing physical exercise is a definite manner for the purpose of warming of the complete physical and physiological systems of the organism. Warm-up helps in

(a) increase in muscle and body temperature.

(b) raising the functional level of heart and lungs.

(c) loosening of muscles, ligaments and joints.

(d) facilitation of motor coordination.

(e) increase in mental readiness for training activity.

(f) tones up muscles and helps reduce injury.

Correct option is (b) mid-life transition

Causes of Round Shoulders: 

(a) Due to poor posture in work. 

(b) Faulty furniture. 

(c) Wrong habit of sitting or standing. 

(d) Carrying heavy load on shoulders. 

(e) Tendency to keep the body leaning forward. 

(f) By sleeping on one side. 

Remedial measures: There are few corrective exercises for round shoulders. We should sit and try to stand in erect position. Change the side time to time to avoid deformity. Make yourself more conscious. Special attention must be paid while performing basic movements. 

(a) Stand in erect position. 

(b) Do not allow to drop the shoulder. 

(c) Do exercise with rotating the shoulders in backward direction and downward motion. 

(d) Do more exercise with shoulder and strengthen shoulder muscles girdle. 

(e) Be conscious while you sit. 

(f) Exercise for lengthening the chest muscles.

Lordosis is "an abnormal curvature of spine at front" termed as.

Active flexibility is characterised by bouncing or jerking and is some times referred to as ballistic stretching whereas passive stretching is achieved by holding a muscle at greater than resting length. It is the best way of developing and maintaining flexibility.

Round Shoulders: If ears and shoulders are not in line then an individual is likely to have round shoulders. The body leans forwards which creates round shoulders and shoulders look like round in shape. Sometimes it is because of weakness in muscle or shortening of pectoral (Chest) muscles. 

Four Physical activities for correcting Round Shoulders are: 

(a) Rotate your shoulders in backward directions. 

(b) Do push ups regularly to strengthen your shoulder muscles. 

(c) Regular physical activities, such as yoga. aerobics. swimming. cycle are recommended to strengthen whole body. 

(d) Walk in Vishram position. This will make you conscious every time you sit, stand or walk.

Isometric exercises: These are the exercises in which no movement takes place while force is exerted against an immovable object. It develops only, tension at the joint concerned. It is also called static muscle contraction, e.g. pushing against a wall.

Isometric: Iso means same and metric means length. A con traction is said to be isometric when tension in the muscle is developed but there is no change in the length of the muscle. This is also called static contraction because the joint angle does not change. For example, holding a weight at arm's length, pushing against the wall. 

So isometric exercises are those in which no movement takes place while force is exerted against an immovable object. It develops tension only at joint concerned.

There is neither shortening nor lengthening which results in no visible muscular effort. Such types of contractions are more useful for weightlifters, gymnasts, wrestlers, etc

For example:

(a) Holding half push-ups 

(b) Flexed arm hang 

(c) Pushing against the wall

Advantages of Isometric or Static Contraction: 

(a ) Isometric exercises need less time. Usually the duration of contraction is 5 to 7 seconds. 

(b) These exercises need less equipment or do not require costly equipment as exercises can be performed anywhere at home. 

(c) These exercises are useful for weightlifters, bodybuilders, gymnasts. 

(d) lsometric exercises develop maximum strength. 

(e) These exercises can be developed at any place and require less time. 

(f) Isometric exercises are used for rehabilitation of sports injuries.

PNF stretching is one of the most effective forms of flexibility training for developing flexibility. For example, hamstring stretch in the supine position. This stretch is done with the help of partner. It can be done by: (a) hold relax (b) contract relax.

(a) Keep your tips of fingers on your shoulder and encircle your elbow clockwise and anticlockwise direction for same number of times. 

(b) Pull the shoulders backward and see upward. 

(c) Chakra Asana, Dhanur Asana, Bhujang Asana. 

(d) Hold the hanging position on Horizontal Bar for sometime.

Two Isometric exercises are: 

(a) Pushing against the wall. 

(b) Hang on horizontal bar with flexed arms

He couldn’t return the parcel, could he?

Value points :

• Problems in getting admission to Radcliffe - mention atleast three.

• Many of the books she needed not embossed in time to begin her classes.

• Special instructions couldn’t be given due to large classes.

• Not easy to take notes.

• Uses a typewriter.

• Lectures spelled into her hand.

• Needed more time to prepare lessons.

• Says-I slip back many times, I fall, I stand. 

• Fears examination.

Detailed Answer : 

Helen had high hopes from college life, but was left completely disillusioned because getting admission into Radcliffe was difficult. But she was thrilled when she got admission. However, her troubles did not end here. Many of the books she needed were not embossed in time to begin her classes. She couldn’t be given special instructions because the strength of the class was large. It was not easy for her to take the notes because she used a typewriter. Miss Sullivan used to spell the lectures into her hand. She found the pattern completely disorganized and non-synchronized. Helen felt that she was a bull in a China shop. Before examination Helen had to go through many different aspects of study and she took more time to prepare her lessons. Her mind became overburdened with heterogeneous matter which almost disappeared while attempting an exam. Helen says ‘I slip back many times, I fall, I stand’ because she tried to remember the points and jot down the matter to put them into order but unfortunately she could not make head and tail out of its so she started develop in a fear of taking the examination.

Mangoes, vegetables, dais, onions, jaggery, kalamkari goods, kondapalli toys, etc., are available in my region.

Mostly perishable goods are available in my local markets. 

Ex : Vegetables, fish, eggs, milk, etc.

B) Weekly Markets

The exact cause of sensory processing problems has not be identified. A research study has found that hypersensitivity to light and sound may have a strong genetic component. Other experiments have shown that these with SPD have abnormal brain activity when they are simultaneously exposed to light and sound.

If child has a frequent and persistent tendency of anger, instability, arguing, defiance or vindictiveness towards you and other authority figures, he or she may have Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Doctors, counsellors and child development experts can help in such cases.