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The kind of cells that constitute the cortex of a root is Parenchyma.

Our mental capacities are our abilities ” to concentrate, to take in new information, to remember old and new information and to be in a position to think logically. We need our mental capacity to study, to work, to impose a constructive and workable order on our life, and to make rational day-to-day decisions.

Mental Capacity of Man: Mind, emotions and body are all closely interlinked and always work together.

Man’s mental capacities are his abilities to concentrate, to take in new information, to remember old and new information and to be in a position to think logically. One needs one’s mental capacity to study, to work, to impose a constructive and workable order on one’s life, and to make rational day-to-day decisions.

Man’s mind is the rational, logical part of him. It helps him to make unemotional choices, to store and retrieve information and to order and calculate. It is the counterpart to the emotions. The emotional disturbance causes stress. The better one deals with stress, the less one’s mental capacity will be affected.

The Technique to Reduce Stress: In this present day hectic world, stress has been common. People would like to do away with it at any cost. For this purpose, the following /techniques could be useful: We should stop being emotional. We should stop over-thinking. One should repeatedly say to himself ‘I have no expectations and I will deal with whatever happens when it happens.’

We should learn ‘self-hypnosis’ to relieve mental stress. Sitting in a quiet place, concentrating on something discarding all the annoying thoughts can help a lot to remove stress. The screen exercise is also a useful technique.

It helps us to step back and emotionally detach ourselves from our current situation. We can also anticipate success to win over stress. Besides, all these, there are certain s stress control exercises, too. They can help us to remove stress. They could be Short Meditation, The Crown Pull and Mental Quick Fixes.

Excess application of soluble fertilizers in soil makes the soil solution hypertonic than cell sap, hence exosmosis takes place and plants begin to die.

If we are mentally stressed, we find it difficult to concentrate on things. We find our memory letting us down frequently. We have lots of different things on our mind but cannot grasp a clear thought. We are often undecided, we take more time to do tasks that we were able to complete quite quickly before.

(i) False

(ii) True

(iii) False

(iv) True

In the nineteenth century the machine was built.

According to Bose action was responsible for India’s glory in the past. People in India believed in action but not in idleness in the past.

(i) (c) scientist, 

(ii) (a) 1858.

1. The name of the lesson is ‘Plants Also Breathe and Feel’ and its author Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose.

2. Mr. Bose was victorious in the struggle.

3. Doubt is the mother of invention. It is the doubters and not ‘Yes-men’ of science, who make discoveries.

4. The people who follow the set beliefs of science blindly are the ‘yes-men’ of science. They never try to question any such belief.

5. (i) Winner-victorious

(ii) Fight-struggle 

In the nineteenth century the machine was built.

wonderful - wonderfully

purpose - purposely

easy - easily

happy - happily

know - knowingly

wrong - wrongly

Jagdish Chandra Bose was born in 1858 in a village of Bengal. He was a great scientist. He was proud of his country. He had a deep faith in the intelligence of his countrymen. Very often he reminded his countrymen of India’s past glory. He believed that modern day Indians are also capable of doing great things. 

In 1927, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose delivered the convocation address of the University of Mysore. Here he said that the great actions of our ancestors brought India’s great glory in the past. The modern India, according to him, can also become great if we lead a life of action and not of idleness. He wanted his countrymen to have undying hope and faith in the future.

The name of the instrument was ‘Crescograph’. The machine was unique and wonderful because it showed that plants have sight and a sense.

Jagdish Chandra Bose was born in 1858 in a village of Bengal. He was a great scientist. He was proud of his country. He had a deep faith in the intelligence of his countrymen. Very often he reminded his countrymen of India’s past glory. He believed that modern day Indians are also capable of doing great things.

In 1927, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose delivered the convocation address of the University of Mysore. Here he said that the great actions of our ancestors brought India’s great glory in the past. The modern India, according to him, can also become great if we lead a life of action and not of idieness. He wanted his countrymen to have undying hope and faith in the future.

1. The name of the lesson is ‘Plants Also Breath and Feel’.

2. His ideas were opposite of the old beliefs.

3. These are that they could become (i) tired, (ii) depressed and (iii) happy.

4. The animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms were one and had a great deal in common.

5. (i) It is ‘Crescograph’
(ii) Equality-similarity

Jagdish Chandra Bose built that instrument. He proved with the help of this machine that plants have hearts and can feel.

1. The name of the lesson is ‘Plants Also Brathe and Feel’ and its author Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose.

2. Mr. Bose was victorious in the struggle.

3. Doubt is the mother of invention. It is the doubters and not ‘Yes-men’ of science, who make discoveries.

4. The people who follow the set beliefs of science blindly are the ‘yes-men’ of science. They never try to question any such belief.

5. (i) Winner-victorious
(ii) Fight-struggle

People laughed at Bose as they did not believe when Bose said that plants and metals had a life of their own and could become ‘tired’ ‘depressed’ or happy’.

In those days, an Indian of British rule usually received two third of salary paid to a European Professor. So a three year struggle began between Bose and the government. Bose was victorious.

Bose found that his wireless-receiver showed sings of tiredness, after it had been in use for some time. Then he noted that after being rested it got back its power in some strange way. This was the discovery that Bose made.

The great event that surprised the scientific world was invention of a unique instrument that could measure the growth of plants.

Jagdish Chandra Bose was a great Scientist. He thought that there was a similarity in the behaviour of both plants and living things. They could also become ‘tired’, ‘depressed’ or ‘happy’. This was contrary to the common belief. So people laughed at him. But Bose wanted to prove the truth of his belief. He invented a machine called Crescograph. This machine could measure the growth of plants. It showed that the plants were capable of feeling. They reacted to manures, noise and other stimuli. It also showed that plants had a keen sense of sight. They had a special sense with which they knew that a stranger was coming.

While working on his wireless-receiver Bose thought why the receiver showed signs of tiredness. Another thought that come to his mind was how the wireless-receiver got back its power after being rested for some time. This kind of thought was responsible for Bose’s discovery.

Jagdish Chandra Bose was a great Scientist. He thought that there was a similarity in the behaviour of both plants and living things. They could also become ‘tired’, ‘depressed’ or ‘happy’. This was contrary to the common belief. So people laughed at him. But Bose wanted to prove the truth of his belief. He invented a machine called Crescograph. This machine could measure the growth of plants. It showed that the plants were capable of feeling. They reacted to manures, noise and other stimuli. It also showed that plants had a keen sense of sight. They had a special sense with which they knew that a stranger was coming.

Bose was born in 1858 of a village in Bengal. He made a name for himself and his country being appointed as Professor of Physics in Presidency College at Calcutta.

1. The name of the lesson is ‘Plants Also Breathe and Feel’.

2. It was the invention of an instrument named ‘Crescograph’ which could measure the growth of the plants.

3. (i) It could measure the growth of the plants. 

(ii) It showed that the plants have hearts and can feel.

4. That the plants could feel and sense that a stranger is approaching towards them.

5. (i) Rare-unique 

(ii) Coming near-approaching

According to Bose action was responsible for India’s glory in the past. People in India believed in action but not in idleness in the past.

The name of three scientists referred to in the lesson are Jagdish Chandra Bose, Galileo and Newton.

They were more amazed when they came to know that it was built in India because in the nineteenth century India was well known for greatness in the fields of the fine arts, literature and philosophy. In the field of science, it was a wonderful thing.

(i) inventor
(ii) discovery
(iii) magnify

The name of three scientists referred to in the lesson are Jagdish Chandra Bose, Galileo and Newton.

(i) who
(ii) which
(iii) that
(iv) which/who
(v) that
(vi) who

One instruction is executed on a single processor at any moment in  Serial computing.

More than one instruction is executed on multiple processors at any moment of time in parallel computing.

Next version of Microsoft Windows after Vista and XP is Windows 7

Grid computing. is the fastest supercomputer used by Indian Institute of Tropical meteorology

सड़क परिवहन के दोष/अवगुण/कमियाँ/सीमाएँ निम्नलिखित हैं-

⦁    लम्बी दूरियों को तय करने के लिए सड़क मार्ग सुरक्षित एवं सुविधाजनक नहीं होते।
⦁    लोहा व कोयले जैसी भारी वस्तुओं की ढुलाई सड़क मार्गों से महँगी पड़ती है।
⦁    सड़क यात्रा रेल यात्रा की तुलना में महँगी है।
⦁    सड़कों द्वारा यात्रा रात्रि में सुरक्षित नहीं है।
⦁    सड़क परिवहन में वाहन के अन्दर टॉयलेट व कैण्टीन आदि की सुविधा नहीं होती है।

(b) सन् 1960 में। 

(b) सन् 1923 में। 

परिवहन, तृतीयक क्रियाकलाप को अभिव्यक्त करता है।

परिवहन के प्रमुख तीन प्रकार

⦁    स्थल,
⦁    जल एवं
⦁    वायु परिवहन।

सही विकल्प है (घ) 1923

(ख) गंगा-हल्दिया-इलाहाबाद।  

C. He got stuck up the tree.

(1) When his wife warned him against falling, father with a great surprise said “fall ?”

(2) Having fallen to the ground, the father did not give up and brushing the dirt from his hair and clothes said, “never mind”.

(3) When his wife again warned him against falling while he was executing Plain B, he found his wife’s warnings to be a “funny joke”.

(4) After the second fall, when his wife intervened saying that he might break his neck, he again dismissed her concern by saying, “rubbish”.

At the onset, the cat was stuck on the tree and father was confident to be able to bring it down. By the time the poem ended, the cat was free and the father got stuck in the tree.

बीजक से यह पता लगाया जा सकता है कि क्रेता को कितनी धनराशि चुकानी है।