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Solution:(a, c, d) Rate law can be determined from balanced chemical equation if it is an elementary reaction.

Overview of Evolution

Evolution is the process of change that has given us the Reality we have today.It has painted Life in the size, shape, colors, population frequency and activities that we find in every part of the World.It is not something of the past, but it is more of the present that leads to the future.It is the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive generations. This change results from interactions between processes that introduce variation into a population, and other processes that remove it.

MUTATION is a major cause of genetic changes. These hereditary changes are passed on through reproduction and may give rise to alternative traits in organisms. Mutation may also be caused by variations in genetic recombination, which shuffles the genes into new combinations that can result in organisms exhibiting different traits.

NATURAL SELECTION – Traits that aid survival and reproduction become more common, while traits that hinder survival and reproduction become rarer. Natural selection occurs because only a small proportion of individuals in each generation will survive and reproduce, since resources are limited and organisms produce many more offspring than their environment can support.

ADAPTATION is a process that adjusts traits so they become better suited to an organism’s environment. Over many generations, heritable variation in traits is filtered by natural selection and the beneficial changes are successively retained through differential survival and reproduction which is Adaptation.

GENETIC DRIFT is another cause of evolution which leads to random changes in how common traits are in a population. Genetic drift is most important when traits do not strongly influence survival—particularly so in small populations, in which chance plays a disproportionate role in the frequency of traits passed on to the next generation.

SPECIATION is a key process in evolution in which a single ancestral species splits and diversifies into multiple new species. Ultimately, all living (and extinct) species are descended from a common ancestor via a long series of speciation events.

656 johhhjiohugymgu

the answer could be option c

This generally leads to low melting points for covalent solids, and high melting points for ionic solids. For example, the molecule carbon tetrachloride is a non-polar covalent molecule, CCl4. It's melting point is -23°C. By contrast, the ionic solid NaCl has a melting point of 800°C.

(a) is correct option

the correct option will be a...because due to strongest bond formed between the molecules is ionic bond thus it should have highest melting point.....

Option- BIt is a crystalline covalent or network solid

h2so4 + na2co3 na2so4 h2co3

When dilute sulphuric acid reacts with sodium carbonate salt, it produces sodium sulphate and water in the aqueous medium. It also releases carbon dioxide gas in this reaction.

Reaction:H2SO4 (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2(g)

washing soda is the correct answer

Washing soda is the correct answer of the given question is

common name of sodium carbonate is washing soda

washing soda is the common name of sodium carbonate

washing soda is the common name of sodium carbonate

washing soda is the right answer

Sodium carbonate,Na2CO3, (also known aswashing soda,soda ashandsoda crystals) is theinorganic compoundwith the formula Na2CO3and its various hydrates. All forms are white, water-soluble salts. All forms have a strongly alkaline taste and give moderately alkaline solutions in water. Historically it was extracted from the ashes of plants growing in sodium-rich soils. Because the ashes of these sodium-rich plants were noticeably different from ashes of wood (once used to producepotash), sodium carbonate became known as "soda ash".[12]It is produced in large quantities fromsodium chlorideandlimestoneby theSolvay process.

Sodium carbonateNamesIUPAC name

Sodium carbonate

Other names

Soda ash, washing soda, soda crystals

Identifiers

CAS Number

497-19-8(anhydrous)

5968-11-6(monohydrate)

6132-02-1(decahydrate)

3D model (JSmol)

Interactive image

ChEBI

CHEBI:29377

ChEMBL

ChEMBL186314

ChemSpider

9916

ECHA InfoCard100.007.127EC Number207-838-8E numberE500(i)(acidity regulators, ...)

PubChemCID

10340

RTECS numberVZ4050000UNII

45P3261C7T

CompTox Dashboard(EPA)

DTXSID1029621

InChI

InChI=1S/CH2O3.2Na/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2

Key:CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L

InChI=1/NaHCO3.2Na/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2

Key:CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-NUQVWONBAP

SMILES

[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O

Properties

Chemical formula

Na2CO3Molar mass105.9888g/mol (anhydrous)286.1416g/mol (decahydrate)AppearanceWhite solid,hygroscopicOdorOdorlessDensity

2.54g/cm3(25°C, anhydrous)

1.92g/cm3(856°C)

2.25g/cm3(monohydrate)[1]

1.51g/cm3(heptahydrate)

1.46g/cm3(decahydrate)[2]

Melting point851°C (1,564°F; 1,124K) (Anhydrous)100°C (212°F; 373K)decomposes (monohydrate)33.5°C (92.3°F; 306.6K)decomposes (heptahydrate)34°C (93°F; 307K)(decahydrate)[2][6]

Solubility in water

Anhydrous, g/100 mL:

7 (0°C)

16.4 (15°C)

34.07 (27.8°C)

48.69 (34.8°C)

48.1 (41.9°C)

45.62 (60°C)

43.6 (100°C)[3]

SolubilitySoluble in aq.alkalis,[3]glycerolSlightly soluble in aq.alcoholInsoluble inCS2,acetone, alkylacetates, alcohol,benzonitrile, liquidammonia[4]Solubilityinglycerine98.3g/100 g (155°C)[4]Solubilityinethanediol3.46g/100 g (20°C)[5]Solubilityindimethylformamide0.5g/kg[5]Basicity(pKb)3.67

Magnetic susceptibility(χ)

−4.1·10−5cm3/mol[2]

Refractive index(nD)

1.485 (anhydrous)1.420 (monohydrate)[6]1.405 (decahydrate)Viscosity3.4 cP (887°C)[5]Structure

Crystal structure

Monoclinic(γ-form, β-form, δ-form, anhydrous)[7]Orthorhombic(monohydrate, heptahydrate)[1][8]

Space group

C2/m, No. 12 (γ-form, anhydrous, 170K)C2/m, No. 12 (β-form, anhydrous, 628K)P21/n, No. 14 (δ-form, anhydrous, 110K)[7]Pca21, No. 29 (monohydrate)[1]Pbca, No. 61 (heptahydrate)[8]

Point group

2/m (γ-form, β-form, δ-form, anhydrous)[7]mm2 (monohydrate)[1]2/m 2/m 2/m (heptahydrate)[8]

Lattice constant

a=8.920(7)Å,b=5.245(5)Å,c=6.050(5)Å (γ-form, anhydrous, 295K)[7]

α=90°, β=101.35(8)°, γ=90°

Coordination geometry

Octahedral (Na+, anhydrous)Thermochemistry

Heat capacity(C)

112.3J/mol·K[2]

Std molarentropy(So298)

135J/mol·K[2]

Std enthalpy offormation(ΔfH⦵298)

−1130.7kJ/mol[2][5]

Gibbs free energy(ΔfG˚)

−1044.4kJ/mol[2]HazardsMainhazardsIrritantSafety data sheetMSDSGHS pictograms[9]GHS signal wordWarning

GHS hazard statements

H319[9]

GHS precautionary statements

P305+351+338[9]NFPA 704

[11]



0

1

0

Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50(median dose)

4090 mg/kg (rat, oral)[10]Related compounds

Otheranions

Sodium bicarbonate

Othercations

Lithium carbonatePotassium carbonateRubidium carbonateCaesium carbonate

Related compounds

Sodium sesquicarbonateSodium percarbonate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state(at 25°C [77°F], 100kPa).

They form a mixture and a magnet can separate the iron from the sulfur. Heat the mixture up, however, and a chemical reaction occurs:

Fe(s)+S(s)→FeS(s)

The iron is oxidized, and the sulfur is reduced, andFeSresults.FeSis distinct chemically element, and results in a gray black solid that is not longer magnetic.

hey. so would the anwser be ( b) in that case or no?

Yes, the answer would be b

Thank you for your help

Avagadro's constant states that 1 mole of any substance has 6.022× 10²³ molecules/atoms.

Find the number of moles of 53 g of Na2CO3:molar mass Na2CO3 = 23 × 2 + 12 + 16× 3 = (46+12+48) = 106

moles = mass/molar mass = 53/106 = 0.5 moles

1 mole = 6.022×10²³ atoms Then 0.5 moles = 6.022× 10²³× 0.5 atoms = 3.011× 10²³ atoms of Na2CO3

The valency of chlorine is 1. Therefore, if the element M is forming a chloride of the formula MCl2, it means that the valency of M is 2. Also, since the compound MCl2has high melting point, it means that it is an ionic compound. Hence M is a metal and belongs to group 2 of the periodic table.

The molar mass of methane (CH4) is 12+4*1 = 16gm

so, in one moles the mass is 16gm = 16000mg

now we are given 0.032 mg

so, no. of moles will be 0.032/16000 = 2× 10^-6 moles.

In an ionic compound there is large electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charged ions. To overcome these forces a considerable amount of energy is needed therefore ionic compounds have high melting points

3)It posses high melting pointTungstenpossesses the highest melting temperature amongmetals. These properties maketungstenvaluable for many applications, including electrical, manufacturing, construction and chemical.

The compressibility factor (Z), also known as the compression factor or the gas deviation factor, is a correction factor which describes the deviation of a real gas from ideal gas behavior.For ideal gas it is 1

Ideal gas equation is PV=nRTwhere p=pressure, v= volume, n=no. Of moles, R= gas constant, T=temperature

Ideal gas equation is also known as general gas law. The law of Ideal gas states that the volume of a specified amount of gas is inversely proportional to pressure and directly proportional to volume and temperature.

Specificheat of gas at constant volume=0.075calg^-1C°

i.e,0.075cal is absorbed by 1g of it for 1° rise in temperature at constant volume.

So,total heat absorbed by 1g mole of the gas is 40(0.075)=3cal.

Since,Cp-Cv=R or Cp=5 Cp/Cv=5/3 & hence the gas is monatomic.

thanks

Formula:No of moles=weight of calcium carbonate/molecular weight

=10/(40+12+ (16×3))since Ca=50; C=12; O=16=10/100=0.1 moles

no of moles= mass in gram/ gram molecular massmass in gram= 10ggram molecular mass of caco3 = 40+12+3*16= 100so no of moles= 10/100= 0.1 moles.

1mole of caco3 = GMM of caco3 1mole of caco3 =100g 100g of caco3 =1mole of caco3 10g of caco3 = 1×10÷100 =0.1mole

1. option B is the answer.

2. option A is the answer.

For an ideal gas, Z = 1 at any temperature or pressure.

Boyle point depends on the nature of the real gas. Above the Boyle point Z is greater than 1.

At low pressures and high temperatures muchabove the critical point of the substance, the real gases can be taken to behave like ideal gases. Gases like O₂, N₂,H₂, He, mono-atomic gases and inert gases behave NEARLY ideal at standard temperature (0⁰C) and pressure (1 standardatmosphere).

Ideal gas law does not take into account the molecular size, andinter-molecular attraction or repulsion forces. It assumes that those factors are zero. In mono-atomic gases this assumption is valid over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. But in otherreal gases, inter-molecular forces are weak at high temperatures and low pressures. The reason is high kinetic energy overcomes small inter-molecular forces as the molecules are separated by large distances. The moleculesoccupyvery little space compared to the totalvolume of the gas.

define temperature .

M.eq. of HCl = M.eq. of CaCO3 N×50=150×1000 ; N=1×100050×50=0.4N

M.eg. meaning

sorry m.eq means

select the question which you want as answer

k.Ideal gas:

Ideal gas is defined as a gas that obeys gas laws at all condition of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases have velocity and mass. They do not have volume. When compared to the total volume of the gas the volume occupied by the gas is negligible. It does not condense and does not have triple point.

Real gas:

Real gas is defined as a gas that does not obey gas laws at all standard pressure and temperature conditions. When the gas becomes massive and voluminous it deviates from its ideal behaviour. Real gases have velocity, volume and mass. When they are cooled to their boiling point, they liquefy. When compared to the total volume of the gas the volume occupied by the gas is not negligible.

To make you understand howideal gas and real gasare different from each other, here are the some of the majordifferences between ideal gas and real gas:

1) CN- is the correct answer

cn is right answer dud firms

1 CN is right answer

(1)cn right answer________

(1) is the answer CN-

cn- is the correct answer

Q=U + W6=U +1.5U=6-1.5U=4.5

The motion is uniform in nature

acceleration is zero since the velocity is not changing

for the distance time graph it is straight line passing through the origin.

a)

b)Compressibility factor is significant because it determines how far a gas is from it's ideal state, based on various factors.The compressibility factor is determined by the pressure, volume, temperature and number of moles in the gas.

A gas in its ideal state has a compressibility factor of exactly 1 unit. Real gases often deviate from an ideal compressibility factor due to variations in temperature and pressure. As pressure increases, the compressibility factor of a gas also increases. As temperature increases the compressibility factor of a gas decreases. Factors that have the highest net effect on the compressibility factor of a gas are high pressure states and low temperature

wrong answer

Option B is correct lattice energy depends on Mass of constituents particles

option d

4 A rightanswerquestions

Sharing 2 elctrons with one atom will be strongest Among all

option d

Metallic character of an element means the capacity of elements to lose electron of the outer most shell to attain stability. It vary as we go down in a group as the metallic character or electropositive character increase.Reason: As we move down a group in the periodic table, atomic size gradually increases. As a result, the force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons decreases. Therefore, the tendency of the element to lose electrons to form positive ions increase and hence the metallic or the electropositive character increase as we move down the group. Increase in atomic size predominates the increase in nuclear charge.

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One mole of methane (CH4) contains a total of 3 × 1024 atoms. One mole of methane (CH4) contains a total of 3 × 1024 atoms.

1 mole of methane (CH4) contains:- 1 mole of carbon- 2 mole of Hydrogen (H2)- 12 g of carbon (because 1 mole of C = rmm = 12g)- 4 g of hydrogen (because 2 moles of H2 = 2 x rmm = 4 g)- 16 g of methane (because 1 mole of CH4 = RMM of CH4 in g = 16g)

Why is sodium a good conductor of electricity but sodium chloride is not?

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2 ANSWERS



Jeffrey Whittaker, former High school and community college teacher (2010-2016)

Answered May 20

Sodium is a metal. Metals are atoms in a sea of electrons. These electrons can move and conduct electricity. The atoms in the metal are actually cations or positivity charged. The sea of electrons is a large molecular orbital where the negative charges balance the positive charge of the atoms but allow electrons to flow between atoms or conduct electricity.

Sodium chloride is a salt. In the solid state the valance electron of sodium has moved to the chloride atom where It remains in the atomic orbitals of chlorine. Thus the electrons can’t flow. The crystal is made up of rigid electrostatic bonds.

However if the solid is melted, the cations and anions can move and carry a charge. So a molten salt will conduct electricity.

Ans :- Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.

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A chemicalbondformed between twoionswith opposite charges.Ionic bondsform when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom. Thesebondscan form between a pair of atoms or between molecules and are the type ofbondfound in salts.

down a group metallic character increases and across a period metallic character decreases

Metallic characterdecreases as you moveacrossaperiod inthe periodic table from left to right. This occurs as atoms more readily accept electrons to fill a valence shell than lose them to remove the unfilled shell.Metallic characterincreases as you move down an element groupinthe periodic table.

option (c) is correct.

Hint:H , D nd T are isotopes of hydrogen with mass- 1u ,2u ,3u respectively.