462 + Interview Questions in DIRECTING IN GENERAL AWARENESS Page 7 InterviewSolution

301.	Give two examples of semantic barriers.
Answer» (i) Symbols with dirfferent meanings. (ii) Badly expressed message.

Discussion

302.	Give two examples of non-monetary incetives.
Answer» (i) Bonus. (ii) Profit sharing

Discussion

303.

Distinguish between ‘monetary’ and ‘non-monetary’ incentives.

Answer»

Difference between Monetary and Non-monetary Incentives

Basis of Difference	Monetary Incentives	Non-monetary Incentives
1. Measurement	These cannot be measured in terms of money.	These can be measured in terms of money.
2. Suitability	These are effective in case of managers.	These are highly effective in case of workers.
3. Level of Satisfaction	These help in satisfying lower level needs (food, clothing and shelter).	These help in satisfying higher level needs (esteem, status and selfactualisation).

Discussion

304.	Give two examples of non-monetary incentives.
Answer» (i) Recognition, (ii) Assignment of challenging job.

Discussion

305.	One of the incentives is concerned with designing jobs that include greater variety of work content and require higher level of knowledge. Identify the incentive highlighted in the given statement.
Answer» Correct Answer - Job Enrichment Job enrichment is a method of motivating employees where a job is designed to have interesting and challenging tasks which can require more skill and can increase pay.

Discussion

306.	How co-partnership/stock option can act as a source of motivation?
Answer» Co-partnership/Stock Option: Under this incentive scheme, employees are offered shares at a price which is lower than the market price. This practice helps in creating a feeling of ownership among employees and motivates them to give their maximum contribution towards organisational growth.

Discussion

307.	In what two ways the term supervisor can be understood?
Answer» Firstly, it can be understood as an element of directing. Secondly, as a function performed by supervisor in the organizational hierarchy.

Discussion

308.	Define ‘supervision’.
Answer» Supervision means overseeing the subordinates at work. It is an important function of every manager.

Discussion

309.	Modern Finance Limited provides loans for purchasing vehicles of different types. It has branches in almost every large city of India. A branch located in a city of Northern India was not working properly. In order to improve its working, Kamal, an MBA, was sent to the branch as the Branch Manager. There were three employees in the office administration along with two class IV employees. Kamal found that the three employees were not adequately motivated. In order to motivate them properly, Kamal analysed their personal profiles. The profiles were as follows: Ashok, the senior-most employee, was quite creative and might be called as genius to some extent. He always wanted praise. For good work, he used to take credit but for bad work, he used to blame others. Bimal, the next in seniority, was more concerned of his family members than his work. He was more interested in social interactions and friendly environment at the workplace. Chetan, the third employee, was very curious of opportunities that could improve his earnings. (a) Can all the employees be motivated effectively by using the same incentives? if not, why ? (b) Name the theory which helps to identify the needs of employees to be satisfied. (c) Identify the promisnent needs of each of the three employees which should be taken into consideration in motivating them.
Answer» (a) All employees cannot be motivated effectively by using the same incentives because employees' the needs differ and incentives are meant for satisfying needs. Therefore, incentives should be offered according to the needs of individual employees. (b) Maslow's need Hierarchy Theory. (c) Prominent needs are as follows: (i) Ashok-Esteem need. (ii) Bimal-Social need. (iii) Chetan-Physiological need.

309.

Modern Finance Limited provides loans for purchasing vehicles of different types. It has branches in almost every large city of India. A branch located in a city of Northern India was not working properly. In order to improve its working, Kamal, an MBA, was sent to the branch as the Branch Manager. There were three employees in the office administration along with two class IV employees. Kamal found that the three employees were not adequately motivated. In order to motivate them properly, Kamal analysed their personal profiles. The profiles were as follows: Ashok, the senior-most employee, was quite creative and might be called as genius to some extent. He always wanted praise. For good work, he used to take credit but for bad work, he used to blame others. Bimal, the next in seniority, was more concerned of his family members than his work. He was more interested in social interactions and friendly environment at the workplace. Chetan, the third employee, was very curious of opportunities that could improve his earnings. (a) Can all the employees be motivated effectively by using the same incentives? if not, why ? (b) Name the theory which helps to identify the needs of employees to be satisfied. (c) Identify the promisnent needs of each of the three employees which should be taken into consideration in motivating them.

Answer»

(a) All employees cannot be motivated effectively by using the same incentives because employees' the needs differ and incentives are meant for satisfying needs. Therefore, incentives should be offered according to the needs of individual employees.

(b) Maslow's need Hierarchy Theory.

(c) Prominent needs are as follows:

(i) Ashok-Esteem need.

(ii) Bimal-Social need.

(iii) Chetan-Physiological need.

Discussion

310.	M/s Beta Ltd. deals in consumer goods. It employees 100 workers and 0 operative managers who give guidance and support to the workers while operating the machinery. The company has a policy of granting leave as per the requirement of the workers. Workers are generally granted leave on festivals and special occasions. Recently on Puja festival, it received a big order. Workers are keen to take Puja holidays while management is pressing hard for overtime. This matter was placed before the Personnel Manager who called the meeting of operative managers and workers to inform them about the changes in the incentive plan which states payment of double wages for working overtime and triple wages for working on holidays. Workers without any pressure voluntarily took limited holidays and were able to increase their earning by working overtime and on holidays. During Board of Directors meeting, Personnel Manager was asked to update the management for achieving higher output, meeting timely supplies without any confrontation with workers. Personnel Manager replied, "I just used a carrot with no sticks approach". By quoting the lines from above paragraph state any two elements of directing.
Answer» Supervision means guiding the efforts of employees and other resources to achieve desired results. Supervision: 'it employees 10 operating managers ......... support to the workers. Motivation means stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals. Motivation -'to pay double wages for working overtime and triple wages for working on holidays'.

310.

M/s Beta Ltd. deals in consumer goods. It employees 100 workers and 0 operative managers who give guidance and support to the workers while operating the machinery. The company has a policy of granting leave as per the requirement of the workers. Workers are generally granted leave on festivals and special occasions. Recently on Puja festival, it received a big order. Workers are keen to take Puja holidays while management is pressing hard for overtime. This matter was placed before the Personnel Manager who called the meeting of operative managers and workers to inform them about the changes in the incentive plan which states payment of double wages for working overtime and triple wages for working on holidays. Workers without any pressure voluntarily took limited holidays and were able to increase their earning by working overtime and on holidays. During Board of Directors meeting, Personnel Manager was asked to update the management for achieving higher output, meeting timely supplies without any confrontation with workers. Personnel Manager replied, "I just used a carrot with no sticks approach". By quoting the lines from above paragraph state any two elements of directing.

Answer»

Supervision means guiding the efforts of employees and other resources to achieve desired results.

Supervision: 'it employees 10 operating managers ......... support to the workers.

Motivation means stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals.

Motivation -'to pay double wages for working overtime and triple wages for working on holidays'.

Discussion

311.	How does co-partnership stock option motivate employees?
Answer» A feeling of ownership is created among employees which motivates them to contribute for the growth of the organization.

Discussion

312.	What do you mean by single chain communication network ?
Answer» It represents communication between superior and subordinate, through a single chain.

Discussion

313.	How does communication promote industrial peace ?
Answer» Mutual understanding and cooperation is promoted between the management and workers through two-way communication process.

Discussion

314.	Give any two measures to improve effectiveness of communication.
Answer» Two measures are : (i) Ensure proper feedback (ii) Be a good listener.

Discussion

315.	Define Direction.
Answer» In layman language, direction means to guide the workers, make them aware of the work, supervise them and to maintain their enthusiasm for the work.

Discussion

316.	Which needs are included in physiological needs?
Answer» The basic needs a human body seeks such as food water, clothing and shelter are known as physiological needs or primary needs.

Discussion

317.	Who implements the decision taken at the stages of planning and organising?
Answer» Direction i.e. the one who directs.

Discussion

318.	State the definition of direction as given by Koontz and O’Donnell.
Answer» Direction is the executive function of guiding and observing subordinates.

Discussion

319.	How does motivation increase efficiency of employees?
Answer» Motivated workers are encouraged to produce more. Motivation boosts their morale. Their productivity and efficiency also increase.

Discussion

320.	Explain meaning of formal communication
Answer» Formal communication refers to interchange of information officially. The flow of communication is controlled and is a deliberate effort. This makes it possible for the information to reach the desired place without any hindrance, at a little cost and in a proper way.

Discussion

321.	How does motivation change the attitude of employees?
Answer» Workers often face several problems. When these problems are heard and solved, they experience a feeling of respect for staffing as well as organization, i.e. their attitude becomes positive.

Discussion

322.	What is communication.
Answer» Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more person.

Discussion

323.	Define leadership.
Answer» According to Louis Allen ”A leader is one who guides and directs other people. A leader gives the efforts of his followers a direction and purpose by influencing their behaviour”.

Discussion

324.	Define communication.
Answer» According to George Terry “Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons”.

Discussion

325.	Depict the following infomal communication networks through diagrams (i) Gossip Network (ii) Cluster Network
Answer» (i)Gossip Chain Network: In the gossip chain network, there is an individual who tells the message to all other members in the network directly. He is generally the central person who seeks out and transmit information to all that he has obtained. (ii)Cluster Network: A cluster is a set of nodes that communicate with each other and work toward a common goal. ... Nodes can be dynamically added to or removed from clusters at any time, simply by starting or stopping a Channel with a configuration and name that matches the other cluster members.

Discussion

326.	How does direction increases enthusiasm?
Answer» Direction brings changes in the attitude of employees towards the work. Their interest and enthusiasm in work increases.

Discussion

327.	To satisfy social, esteem and psychological needs which type of incentives are needed?
Answer» Correct Answer - Non - monetary incentives To satisfy the social and psychological needs, non-monetary incentives are needed. Various types of non-financial incentives are as follows: (i) Job security Generally, workers prefer security of job.

Discussion

328.	How does profit sharing help in motivating the employees of an organisation?
Answer» The primary motivation in using a profit sharing program is to reward employees with a cash bonus. ... When the company uses an escalating profit sharing percentage that employees can monitor, it helps to motivate the employees to work harder and bring the percentage up.

Discussion

329.	What does communication that take place independently at the formal line of authority known as?
Answer» Informal communication.

Discussion

330.	‘Courage, will power, judgment, flexibility, knowledge and integrity’. What is being indicated here?
Answer» Qualities of a good leader are indicated here. (according to Vicout Slim).

Discussion

331.	Explain how supervision facilitates control.
Answer» Facilitates Control: Under supervision, supervisor keeps a close eye on his subordinates. Wherever he finds any flaws in the work-in-progress, he rectifies them then and there itself. From time to time deviations are noted by comparing actual work performance and the desired work performance. Corrective measures are taken if the need is felt. In this manner, supervision assures control.

Discussion

332.	“The post of supervisor should be abolished in the hierarchy of managers.” Do you agree? Give any three reasons in support of your answer.
Answer» No, I do not agree with this statement. Following are the reasons of it: i. Facilitates Control: Under supervision, supervisor keeps a close eye on his subordinates. Wherever he finds any flaws in the work-in-progress, he rectifies them then and there itself. From time to time deviations are noted by comparing actual work performance and the desired work performance. Corrective measures are taken if the need is felt. In this manner, supervision assures control. ii. Optimum Utilisation of Resources: Under supervision, all the activities are closely monitored. In this situation, better utilisation of all the resources like human, material, machinery, etc. takes place. The problem is at once solved because the employees are always under a close watch. As a result, they start doing effective work in minimum possible time. iii. Maintenance of Discipline: Close eye and timely guidance of the employees teaches them a lesson of discipline. When special attention is given to the employees during their work and their every problem is solved at the first instance, this builds pressure on their mind to maintain discipline.

332.

“The post of supervisor should be abolished in the hierarchy of managers.” Do you agree? Give any three reasons in support of your answer.

Answer»

No, I do not agree with this statement. Following are the reasons of it:

i. Facilitates Control: Under supervision, supervisor keeps a close eye on his subordinates. Wherever he finds any flaws in the work-in-progress, he rectifies them then and there itself. From time to time deviations are noted by comparing actual work performance and the desired work performance. Corrective measures are taken if the need is felt. In this manner, supervision assures control.

ii. Optimum Utilisation of Resources: Under supervision, all the activities are closely monitored. In this situation, better utilisation of all the resources like human, material, machinery, etc. takes place. The problem is at once solved because the employees are always under a close watch. As a result, they start doing effective work in minimum possible time.

iii. Maintenance of Discipline: Close eye and timely guidance of the employees teaches them a lesson of discipline. When special attention is given to the employees during their work and their every problem is solved at the first instance, this builds pressure on their mind to maintain discipline.

Discussion

333.	Write any one quality of as successful leader.
Answer» Honesty one quality of as successful leader.

Discussion

334.	What is meant by Leadership?
Answer» Meaning of Leadership: It is the ability to persuade others to work for specified goals. It is also viewed as a process of influencing the subordinates so that they contribute enthusiastically in the attainment of organisational goals.

334.

What is meant by Leadership?

Answer»

Meaning of Leadership: It is the ability to persuade others to work for specified goals. It is also viewed as a process of influencing the subordinates so that they contribute enthusiastically in the attainment of organisational goals.

Discussion

335.	'A good leader does not wait for opportunities but creates them.' Which quality of a good leader is highlighted by this statement.
Answer» The correct answer is Initiative.

335.

'A good leader does not wait for opportunities but creates them.' Which quality of a good leader is highlighted by this statement.

Answer»

The correct answer is Initiative.

Discussion

336.	What do you mean by Laissez Faire leadership and states its advantages.
Answer» It refers to a leadership style in which the leader gives his subordinates complete freedom to make decisions. The followers are given a high degree of independence to formulate their own objectives and ways to achieve them. This style is also known as 'Hand Style Leadership.' Advantages: (i) Trust in followers (ii) High level of motivation (iii) Unstressed leaders

336.

What do you mean by Laissez Faire leadership and states its advantages.

Answer»

It refers to a leadership style in which the leader gives his subordinates complete freedom to make decisions. The followers are given a high degree of independence to formulate their own objectives and ways to achieve them. This style is also known as 'Hand Style Leadership.'

Advantages:

(i) Trust in followers

(ii) High level of motivation

(iii) Unstressed leaders

Discussion

337.	What is the nature of flow of directing ?
Answer» Directing flows from top to bottom: Directing is first initiated at top level and flows to the bottom through organisational hierarchy. It means that every manager can direct his immediate subordinate and take instructions from his immediate boss.

Discussion

338.	What helps a manager to inroduce changes in an organisation ?
Answer» Directing helps a manager to inroduce changes in an organisation by guiding,initiating and motivating employees.

Discussion

339.	Workers of a factory often come to the Production Manager with grievances. The production manager finds himself overburdened with so many tasks. Advise a way to relieve the production manager.
Answer» The Production Manager should offer appropriate incentives to the workers in order to improve their performance and to change negative attitude of workers to positive. Financial Incentive such as Bonus, Profit sharing, Stock option and Non-financial Incentives such as Status, Job enrichment, Employee recognition, Employee Participaton and Employee Empowerent can be effectively used by the manager.

Discussion

340.	In an organisation employee always feel they are under stress. They take least initiative and fear to express their problems before the manager. What do you think is wrong with the manager ?
Answer» In my opinion, the manager lacks good and effective communication skills, which has resulted in creating fear amongest employees. Various personal barriers may be the cause of this, which are as follows : (i) Fear of challenge to authority A superior is likely to withhold or supress a message, if he perceives that it will adversely affect his authority. (ii) Lack of confidence of superior on his subordinates A superior, who does not have confidence in his subordinates is not likely to seek their advice and suggestions. (iii) Unwillingness to comuunicate A subordinate may not communicate with his superiors, if he perceives that it will affet his interests. (iv) Lack of proper incentives Employees may not take initiative to communicate in the absence of proper incentives.

Discussion

341.	What does the level of ability to do certain work of a person depends on?
Answer» On education and training.

Discussion

342.	What does the willingness to do the certain work of a person depends on?
Answer» On motivation.

Discussion

343.	Food, clothing and shelter are the examples of which type of needs?
Answer» Physiological needs.

Discussion

344.	What do you mean by leadership style? List any two.
Answer» Meaning: It refers to the methods with the help of which a manager establishes his influence on his subordinates. Types of Leadership Styles: i. Autocratic Leadership Style ii. Democratic Leadership Style.

344.

What do you mean by leadership style? List any two.

Answer»

Meaning: It refers to the methods with the help of which a manager establishes his influence on his subordinates.

Types of Leadership Styles:

i. Autocratic Leadership Style

ii. Democratic Leadership Style.

Discussion

345.	Give the list of elements of direction.
Answer» Elements of Directing: Supervision Motivation Leadership Communication

345.

Give the list of elements of direction.

Answer»

Elements of Directing:

Supervision
Motivation
Leadership
Communication

Discussion

346.	What are the modem means of communication?
Answer» Messeges over telephone, fax, internet, mobile phone, SMS, telex, etc.

Discussion

347.	What is the effect of distrust and fear on communication?
Answer» Every messege of communication is perceieved with doubt.

Discussion

348.	Which need is considered to be the most preferred need according to Maslow’s hierarchy?
Answer» Food, clothing and shelter i.e. physiological need.

Discussion

349.	What do you mean by profit-sharing?
Answer» When workers get a definite proportion of profit in the form of money other than their salary, it is called profit-sharing.

Discussion

350.	What is meant by ‘Profit Sharing’?
Answer» It refers to providing share in profit of the organisation to the employees besides their regular remuneration.

Discussion

Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Give two examples of semantic barriers.

Give two examples of non-monetary incetives.

Distinguish between ‘monetary’ and ‘non-monetary’ incentives.

Give two examples of non-monetary incentives.

One of the incentives is concerned with designing jobs that include greater variety of work content and require higher level of knowledge. Identify the incentive highlighted in the given statement.

How co-partnership/stock option can act as a source of motivation?

In what two ways the term supervisor can be understood?

Define ‘supervision’.

How does co-partnership stock option motivate employees?

What do you mean by single chain communication network ?

How does communication promote industrial peace ?

Give any two measures to improve effectiveness of communication.

Define Direction.

Which needs are included in physiological needs?

Who implements the decision taken at the stages of planning and organising?

State the definition of direction as given by Koontz and O’Donnell.

How does motivation increase efficiency of employees?

Explain meaning of formal communication

How does motivation change the attitude of employees?

What is communication.

Define leadership.

Define communication.

Depict the following infomal communication networks through diagrams (i) Gossip Network (ii) Cluster Network

How does direction increases enthusiasm?

To satisfy social, esteem and psychological needs which type of incentives are needed?

How does profit sharing help in motivating the employees of an organisation?

What does communication that take place independently at the formal line of authority known as?

‘Courage, will power, judgment, flexibility, knowledge and integrity’. What is being indicated here?

Explain how supervision facilitates control.

“The post of supervisor should be abolished in the hierarchy of managers.” Do you agree? Give any three reasons in support of your answer.

Write any one quality of as successful leader.

What is meant by Leadership?

'A good leader does not wait for opportunities but creates them.' Which quality of a good leader is highlighted by this statement.

What do you mean by Laissez Faire leadership and states its advantages.

What is the nature of flow of directing ?

What helps a manager to inroduce changes in an organisation ?

Workers of a factory often come to the Production Manager with grievances. The production manager finds himself overburdened with so many tasks. Advise a way to relieve the production manager.

In an organisation employee always feel they are under stress. They take least initiative and fear to express their problems before the manager. What do you think is wrong with the manager ?

What does the level of ability to do certain work of a person depends on?

What does the willingness to do the certain work of a person depends on?

Food, clothing and shelter are the examples of which type of needs?

What do you mean by leadership style? List any two.

Give the list of elements of direction.

What are the modem means of communication?

What is the effect of distrust and fear on communication?

Which need is considered to be the most preferred need according to Maslow’s hierarchy?

What do you mean by profit-sharing?

What is meant by ‘Profit Sharing’?