Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

1. (c) Cardiovascular

2. (a) 45

3. (b) Brouha

4. (c) Rockport test

5. (a) 3

A dropped-ball (or drop-ball) is a method of restarting play in a game of association football. It is used when play has been stopped due to reasons other than normal gameplay, fouls, or misconduct.

The word personality is derived from the Latin word personal which means the mask. It is the outer edge of the self. We can also say that personality is the total sum of one's being and involves physical, mental, social, emotional and intellectual aspects of a Person.

Explosive strength.

Pitfalls of dieting are as follows: 

(a) The most common effect of dieting is hair loss.

(b) The person remains under stress and is not able to tackle it. 

(c) It can also lead to cognition impairment if continued for long duration 

(d) The worst part of dieting is that it can even damage the organs of the body.

(e) After dieting when you start eating your regular meal you gain weight very quickly and your physique is deformed.

Friction:

The Force acting along two surfaces in contact which opposes the motion of one body over the other is called the force of friction. It is very important in sports. Larger the area of contact between the surfaces, greater is the force of friction.

The friction is of three following types:

Static Friction: The opposing force that comes into play when one body tends to move over the surface but the actual motion has yet not started is called static friction.

Limiting Friction: Limiting friction is the maximum opposing force that comes into play when one body is just at the verge of moving over the surface of another body.

Kinetic Friction: Kinetic friction is the opposing force that comes into play when one body is actually moving over the surface of another body.

Factors affecting motor development:

a. Heredity: The motor development largely depends on the genetic factors. Many attributes like height, body weight, muscle mass etc. are acquired from parents.

b. Environment: Children are surrounded by home and school environment

c. Physical Activity: Regular physical activities always promote motor development. The activities should be planned according to the age.

d. Nutrition: Proper nutrition always leads to good motor development.

e. Immunization: Timely immunization of mother and child always facilitate better sensory motor development.

Prevention of Asthma

Mainly prevention is initiated by avoiding the triggers of asthma. Methods of its prevention are given ahead.

1. By using air conditioners

2. The windows of the air-conditioned houses are mainly closed and this reduces the entry of airborne pollens that can cause asthma.

3. Minimizing dust

4. Minimize dust in the house and at working places. For example by removing carpeting and installing hardwood can reduce the dust.

5. Clean regularly

6. Keep your home and work place clean. This reduces the dust. Use of mask while cleaning can also prevent asthma.

Yoga helps in curing back – pain by performing various asanas: 

• Tadasana – Tada means palm. Tadasana is the beginning and ending asana of Surya Namaskar. It improves strength of vertebral column and activates the nerves of the entire body thus relieving from back pain. 
• Vakrasana – Vakra means twisting. It is a simplified form of Ardhamatsyendrasana. It increases elasticity of spine and tones spinal nerves. It also relieves from stiffness of vertebrate thereby relieving from back pain. 
• Bhujangasana – It is similar to the position of cobra when it is about to attack its prey by raising its hood. It develops flexibility of spine and cures backache.

Asthma is a disease of lungs in which the air-way swells up and produces extra mucus. As a result the airway become blocked or narrowed causing difficulty in breathing. It can be due to genetic factor or allergy.

Asanas to cure back pain problems are:

(a) Tadasana

(b) Ardh matsyendrasana

(c) Vakrasana

(d) Shalabhasana

(e) Bhujangasana

Technique of Tadasana:

(a) Keep your legs, heels and toes together. 

(b) Fix eyes on focal point on the eye level. 

(c) Pull the kneecaps up. Keep them firm and stand erect. 

(d) Extend your arms, palms and fingers upwards. Keep the elbows straight. 

(e) Keep your chest up, neck erect and head straight. 

(f) Raise the heels and come up on your toes. 

(g) Look in front and breathe normally. 

(h) Practice ,4-5 times.

Contraindications

Avoid under

(a) acute cardiac conditions.

(b) varicose veins

(c) vertigo

To measure flexibility of lower body, – the subject is advised to sit on front edge of chair. One foot is kept at the floor while the other leg is extended keeping knee straight, heel on the floor, and ankle bent at 90 degree. After placing one hand on top of the other with tips on the middle fingers even. Then the subject has to inhale. This is followed by exhaling and reach forward toward. The subject must keep his back straight and head up. The jerky and bouncy movements are to be avoided. Hold this posture for 2 seconds. With the help of a ruler, the distance is measured between the fingertips and the toes. Zero score is given if the fingertip touches the toes. If fingertips do not touch then the distance in-between fingertips and toes is measured and the score is negative. However, in the case of overlapping the distance is awarded positive.

Ageing is becoming older.The accumulation of changes in a human being over time, encompassing physical, psychological and social changes.

Rock poet 1 mile test was developed by Brouha, used to measure cardiovascular fitness.

Flexibility is the range of motion of body’s joint.

Stroke volume increases, blood pressure increases, increased no. of functioning capillaries

Psychological counseling antidepressants

Ability of heart, blood cells and lungs to supply oxygen- rich blood to working muscle tissues and ability of the muscles to use oxygen to produce energy for movement.

Range of motion of body’s joint

• Measurement of Skin Fold at Triceps – taken vertically on back of arm and in the center of top of shoulder point( Acromial process) and elbow (Olecranon process), using a vertical pinch. Arm should be relaxed with palm of hand facing forward. 
• Measurement of Skin Fold at Calf – the subject is advised to place the foot on chair at approx 90 degrees. Then a vertical pinch parallel to long axis of leg is given. At the largest circumference of calf and on medial surface of calf skin fold measurement is taken.

Macro nutrients are the Class of chemical compounds which humans consume in the largest quantities to gain bulk of energy.

Intramural tournaments is the Recreational sports within walls of the institution

Physical Activity is defined as any bodily movement, produced by skeletal muscles, requiring energy expenditure.

Food Supplement means Nutrients that is added to the diet to nourish body that are not getting in the regular diet. Food supplement include Vitamins, minerals, Fibers, Fatty Acids or Amino acids among other substances. They can be In the form of powder or tablet.

Weight Training means, those exercise that are designed to strengthen specific muscles by causing them to overcome a fixed resistance in the form of Barbells, Dumbles.

(i) Knock Knees: When a person stands erect with his feet close together, then there should be a gap between the knees. If there is no gap, the knees touch or overlap. This deformity is called knock knees. This is caused due to the weakness of muscles and ligaments of the knee region, 

(ii) Flat Foot: This refers to loss of arch in the foot which results in flattening of the arch. It is mainly caused by being overweight and prolonged standing. This does not interfere with normal functions of the foot. 

(iii) Round Shoulders: If ears and shoulders are not in line, then an individual is likely to have round shoulders. The body leans forward, which creates round shoulders and shoulders look like round in shape. Sometimes, it is because of weakness in muscle or shortening of pectoral (Chest) muscles.

Lordosis: Lordosis or hollow back is a common defect. This state may occur as a compensatory adjustment to the deviations in the spine above the lumber region. The long spinal muscles of the lower part of spine become shorter and the abdominal muscles become longer and thrust forward. 

Kyphosis: It is an abnormal increase in flexion of the spine, i.e. outer curvature of spine with round shoulders, head dropping forward, resulting in a hump towards the back. It is mainly caused due to wrong habit of standing

1. Improve the posture and range of motion:- Weight training helps to developcorrect posture and extension, contraction of muscles leading to increase rangeof movement. 

2. Increase muscles strength, bone density and endurance:- Resistance training can improve bone density and muscles mass. Due to the more muscles mass, the tolerance power is increased and improves endurance of the system. 

3. Protection against the injury:- Weight training, improves physical activity, system of the body and reduces risk of injury. 

4. Promote health blood pressure and Cholesterol level:- Physical exercise with the resistance training decreases bad cholesterol level and increases good cholesterol. It also improves blood circulation, which is turn maintains a healthy blood pressure. 

5. Improves immune system function:- With the proper digestion, release of enzymes, Absorption of nutrients, release of toxic substances and healthy functioning of body Organs, the immune system functioning is improved and the body become capable of fighting against diseases and infections. 

6. Improves Psycho-social well being:- A child with the well shaped healthy body with more potential to work is better accepted by society. A well maintained healthy physique makes a child more confident or raise his/her self esteem.

Bowleg (or genu varum) is a condition where the legs are bowed outwards in the standing position. The bowing usually occurs at or around the knee, so that on standing with the feet together, the knees are far apart.

Common postural deformities: There are number of deformities which are either acquired or congenital. Each deformity demand proper attention and specific treatment for correcting the same 

Common deformities are:

(i) Knock Knee 

(ii) Flat Foot 

(iii) Round shoulders 

(iv) Lordosis 

(v) Kyphosis 

(vi) Bow legs 

(vii) Scoliosis

(i) Bowleg is a condition where the legs are bowed outwards in the standing position. The bowing usually occurs at or around the knee, so that on standing with the feet together, the knees are apart. 

(ii) Flat feet is an informal reference to a medical condition in which the arch of the foot collapses, with the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or nearcomplete contact with the ground. 

(iii) Lordosis is an inward curvature of a portion of the vertebral column. Here, the vertebral column is curved backward and the individual leans backward while standing. 

(iv) Kyposis, also called hunchback, is a common condition of a curvature of the upper spine, It can be either due to the result of degenerative diseases, or developmental problems. 

(v) Knock knee is a condition where the legs are bowed inwards in the standing position. The bowing usually occurs at or around the knee, so that on standing with the knees together, the feet are far apart.

Flexibility is the range of motion in a joint or group of joints, or the ability to move joints effectively. Flexibility is related to muscles strength. Flexibility can be improved with stretching exercises.

Flatfeet is an informal reference to a medical condition in which the arch of the foot collapse, with the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. In some individuals the arch never develops in one foot -or both feet.

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person's spine is curved from side to side, shaped like an “s” or “c”, and may also be rotated. To adults it can be very painful. It is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. On an x-ray, viewed from the rear, the spine of an individual with a typical scoliosis may lookmmore like an “s” or a “c” than a straight line. it is typically classified as congenital (caused by vertebral anomalies present at birth), idiopathic (sub-classified as infantile, juvenile, adolescent, or adult according to when onset occurred) or as neuromuscular, having develop[ed as  secondary symptom of another condition, such as spina bifida, cerebral palsy, spinal muscular atrophy or due to physical trauma.

Knock knee is a condition where the legs are bowed inwards in the standing position. The bowing usually occurs at or around the knee, so that on standing with the knees together, the feet are far apart.

a. Flexion 

b. Extension 

c. Abduction 

d. Adduction

a. Bhujangasana 

b. Trikonasana 

c.Paschimmottanasana 

d. Ardhmatsyendrasana

The answer is: (c) 4 3 1 2

Knock knee: It means a knee bent inwards. It is a condition in which the lower legs are positioned at an outward angle and the knees touch each other while the ankles are separated. It is mostly caused by irregular growth of the lower leg bones and weak ligaments. It may occur in early age when parents haste, to make tire child walk, or in old age, due to general weakness. 

Remedial measures: 

(a) Walking on an outward inclining surface. 

(b) Applying pressure on the outer edge of the feet intentionally. (sit cross-Ieged) 

(c) Padmasana is recommended. 

(d ) Extra care should be taken while walking, standing and in other weight-bearing positions. 

(c) Some corrective exercises under the guidance of a physiotherapist can help in preventing knock knee.

Physical benefits of exercise: A physically active lifestyle helps you generate more energy, controls your weight, manages stress and boosts your immune system. It provides psychological and emotional benefits, contributing to your sense of competence and well-being. It offers protection against heart diseases, diabetes, high blood pressure, depression and anxiety. 

Physiological benefits of exercise: Participation in games and sports provides sufficient exercise to human body. General physical fitness programmes help you keep physiologically fit even in the old age. Regular participation improves the shape and strength of muscles as well as the growth and development of bones. It improves circulatory, respiratory, digestive and excretory systems and helps in greater muscular coordination. Therefore one should do exercise regularly and properly to get physiological benefits of exercise throughout one's life.

Planning procedure of sports day: Planning is an important method to achieve all the details of a particular event. Planning procedure involves advance planning about an event which is going to happen in the institution. A meeting will be held with the principal of the institute regarding sports day. What all events will be included such as march past, mass drill, aerobic dances and athletic races will be discussed. HOD physical education will be responsible for the entire programme. He/She must lead his/her team as one single unit. Expected help from other resource persons can also be taken, after that distribution of work to other staff as per their capacity. Practice schedule of various classes will be planned only after taking permission from higher authorities. Duty list will be finalised so that each person involved is clear about his/her role on sports day. Various event incharges will submit their requirement so that timely purchase can be done. Final date will be decided along with the chief guest.

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Planning is a process of development of a strategy to achieve desired objectives, to solve problems and to facilitate action. With the help of appropriate planning in the field of games and sports, even some hitherto unachievable tasks can be achieved.

Nutrition is the science of foods which deals with the dynamic process in which the food constituent is digested, nutrients are absorbed and distributed to the tissues for utilization and wastes are disposed off from the body. Food is a mixture of various substances which are essential for life whereas nutrition is a dynamic process in which body is made healthy by consumption of food. The various components in food are

Nutritive components 

• Proteins – It contains nitrogenous compounds which helps in repairing the tissues and body building. Its sources are 

Animals – meat, fish, egg, milk, cheese. 

Plants – pulses, nuts, beans, oil seed.

• Carbohydrates – provide energy to the body. Its main sources are- Starch-wheat, rice, potatoes, etc 

Sugar- honey, sugarcane, milk, etc. 

Cellulose -fruits and vegetables 

• Fats – It provides more calories, produces heat and potential energy, provides protection to vital organs such as heart, kidney and intestine. Sources -

Animals – milk, butter, cheese, egg 

Vegetables – ground nut, mustard, sunflower, coconut 

• Vitamins – these are complex organic compounds which act as catalyst in various body processes. Vitamin B and C are water soluble and Vitamin A, D and K are fat soluble. 
• Minerals – They are minute quantities of chemicals, vital for smooth running of the body. 

Non-Nutritive components 

• Fiber or roughage – It is the dietary fibers help to clean out the digestive track and bowel and prevents infection and diseases. Examples are fruits and grains. 
• Artificial sweeteners – It is the best substitute of sugar less calorie and carbohydrates. 
• Water-prevents dehydration, helps in the removal of byproducts of cell metabolism. 
• Color Compounds – It makes food more attractive and presentable. 
• Flavor Compounds – It develops better taste of the food. 
• Plant Compounds – They have non nutritive values and also contain colors and flavors.

1. Always swim or surf at places patrolled by surf life-savers or lifeguards.
2. Swim between the red and yellow flags. They mark the safest area to swim.
3. Always swim under supervision or with a friend.
4. Read and obey the signs.
5. Don't swim directly after a meal.
6. Don't swim under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
7. If you are unsure of surf conditions, ask a life-saver or lifeguard.
8. Never run and dive in the water. Even if you have checked before, conditions can change.
9. If you get into trouble in the water, don't panic. Raise arm for help, float and wait for assistance.
10. Float with a current or undertow. Stay calm. Don't try to swim against it. Signal for help and wait for assistance.

Changes due to ageing:

1 Joint flexibility decreases

2 A bridge body mars

3 Body composition

4 Neuro sensing decreases

5 Decrease in Neuromuscular functions.

6 Weak respiratory functions.

7 Increases blood circulation.

8 Diminishes cardiovascular efficiency.

9 Loss of endurance, strength and muscle mass.

External motivation:

This motivation is from the outside surroundings :

1. Knowledge of the Goal – Learner must be made knowledge of result mentally ready towards the achievement of the goal.

2. Knowledge of Result: It helps the person to know about his progress from time to time.

3. Awards / Rewards - Rewards / Awards can be given in the form of Cash, Job or social recognition.

4. Punishment – It can be given in the form of fear, rejection, pain or losing social status etc.

Active participation.

Audio-visual aids.

Competition and co-operation

Teacher – Taught relationship.

Latest equipment and social environment.

Purposeful teaching.

1. A Time Out is an interruption of game requested by coach. It lasts not more than one minute. It can be taken one time in I, II and III quarter; except two times can be taken in IV quarter. 

2. A disqualifying Foul is personal foul of a player, with or without the ball. It has been deliberately committed against opponent. This is a serious foul in which opponent gets two free-throws along with side pass from centre-line. 

3. A rebound in basketball is the act of successfully gaining possession of the ball after a missed goal or free throw. 

4. A Closely Guarded Player: A player is considered closely guarded when a defender is guarding that player within six feet in the front court.

Five Duties of the Captain in Hockey Team are: 

• Captain must wear a distinctive arm-band or similar distinguishing article on an upper arm or shoulder or over the upper part of a sock. 

• Captain is responsible for the behaviour of all players on their team. 

• To ensure that substitutions of players on their team are carried out correctly. 

• Understanding different game strategies and latest rules and regulation helps to make plays on the field.

• Work hard to develop the relationships between the players and coach(es).

1. The procedure followed to replace a player by a substitute are: 

1. A player may only be substituted during a stoppage in play and with the permission of the referee. 

2. The player to be substituted (outgoing player) must have left the field of play before the substitute (incoming player) may enter the field of play. 

3. The incoming player may only enter the field at the half-way line. 

4. As the substituted player comes in play, the substitution is complete. 

2. Extra-time is the additional time given at the end of the match to compensate the time lost in injuries, in substitutions, in penalties, etc. or the match has drawn. Thus to give a conclusion to the match, extra-time is awarded.

1. When batter is out: 

1. When the third strike is caught by catcher. 

2. When the ball is caught by any player. 

3. When he/she bunts foul after second strike. 

2. Umpire calls a ball: 

For each legally pitched ball that— 

1. does not enter the strike zone. 

2. touches the ground before reaching home plate and does not swing. 

3. touches home plate and at which the batter does not swing. 

3. Umpire can suspend play: 

1. An umpire may suspend play when in his judgement, conditions justify such action. 

2. In case of injury. 

3. The umpire shall suspend play whenever a batter or pitcher, steps out of position for a legitimate reason.