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The correct choice is (a) Jointed reinforced concrete pavement (JRCP)

For explanation I would say: JPCP’s are constructed with contraction joints which DIRECT the natural cracking of the pavement. These pavements do not use any reinforcing steel. JRCP’s are constructed with both contraction joints and reinforcing steel to control the cracking of the pavement. High temperatures and moisture STRESSES within the pavement CREATES cracking, which the reinforcing steel holds tightly together.

The CORRECT choice is (c) 2.40 cu m

To EXPLAIN I WOULD say: Stone aggregate = 0.6*4 = 2.40 cu m.

Right answer is (b) sub-BASE course

Explanation: When building a three layer flexible pavement, the subbase layer is not used and the base course is placed directly on the natural subgrade.

A flexible pavement’s surface layer is constructed of hot-mix asphalt (HMA).Un stabilized aggregates are TYPICALLY used for the base course; however, the base course could also be stabilized with asphalt, Foamed Bitumen, Portland cement, or another STABILIZING agent. The sub base is generally constructed from local AGGREGATE material, while the top of the subgrade is OFTEN stabilized with cement or lime.

Correct CHOICE is (b) False

To explain: CONCRETE is strong in compression but weak in tension. For some purposes it needs to be reinforced with STEEL rods. Reinforced concrete buildings can be made to LINK all the parts together, the foundations, walls, floors and ROOFS, but concrete construction does not make buildings earthquake-proof.

The correct option is (a) True

Best explanation: It consists of raking the joints to a depth of 10 mm to 20 mm and filling it with RICHER mortar mixes. In case of lime mortar pointing mix used is 1:2 and in case of cement mortar pointing mix used is 1:3. Pointing is ideally suited for stone MASONRY because stones are having ATTRACTIVE colours and GOOD resistance to penetration by water.

Right option is (a) True

To ELABORATE: This POINTING is also a modification of FLUSH pointing in which groove is FORMED at its mid height, by a pointing tool. It gives GOOD appearance.

Correct CHOICE is (a) True

Easy EXPLANATION: However, due to none of these, cracks may yet ensue by the too fast drying of the work, caused through the laying of plaster on dry WALLS which suck from the composition the MOISTURE required to enable it to set, by the application of external heat or the heat of the sun, by the laying of a coat upon ONE which has not properly set, the cracking in this case being caused by unequal contraction, or by the use of too small a proportion of sand.

The correct answer is (b) True

Best explanation: The Republic of INDIA has the second LARGEST road system in the world with 4,689,842 kilometres (2,914,133 mi) of road (2013). The PEOPLE’s Republic of China is third with 3,583,715 kilometres (2,226,817 mi) of road (2007). The FEDERATIVE Republic of Brazil has the fourth largest road system in the world with 1,751,868 kilometres (1,088,560 mi) (2002).

Right option is (c) Carpet area

Easy explanation: For office BUILDING carpet area is the lettable area or useable area and for RESIDENTIAL building carpet area is the LIVEABLE area and should exclude the kitchen, pantry, stores and similar other room which are not USED for living PURPOSE.

The correct choice is (a) True

For explanation I WOULD say: Required thicknesses of each layer of a flexible pavement vary widely depending on the materials used, magnitude, number of repetitions of TRAFFIC LOADS, ENVIRONMENTAL conditions, and the desired service life of the pavement. Factors such as these are taken into consideration during the design process so that the pavement will last for the designed life without excessive DISTRESSES.

Right option is (b) 2.75 cu m

Best explanation: For 2.5 cm c.c. floor for 100 sq m of area the quantity of CEMENT concrete = 100*.025 = 2.5 cu m. Adding 10% extra for unevenness of BASE concrete, the quantity comes to 2.5+.25 = 2.75 cu m.

The correct choice is (a) True

To elaborate: The QUANTITY of CEMENT concrete calculated by MULTIPLYING the area of FLOOR by the thickness.

Correct option is (c) base course

Best explanation: If there is a sub-base course, the base course is constructed directly about this layer. Otherwise, it is built directly on top of the subgrade. Typical base course thickness ranges from 4 to 6 inches and is governed by underlying layer properties.

Heavy LOADS are continuously applied to pavement surfaces, and the base layer absorbs the MAJORITY of these stresses. GENERALLY, the base course is constructed with an untreated crushed aggregate such as crushed stone, slag, or gravel. The base course material will have stability under the CONSTRUCTION traffic and good drainage characteristics.

The CORRECT OPTION is (d) 2mm Chromium PLATED brass WASTE coupling

The best explanation: 32mm Chromium plated brass waste coupling.

Right option is (a) True

To explain I would SAY: All pipes and fittings SHALL be approved by the Owner / Consultants prior to installation. Cast Iron SOIL waste pipes & specials shall be of approved quality and shall conform to IS 1729. These pipes shall be USED for soil waste, VENTS and anti-sliphonage. Asbestos cement pipes and specials shall be approved make and shall conform to IS1626. These pipes shall be used wherever they are exposed and non-vertically.

The correct option is (c) best Indian make WATER Closet pan of 127mm (i.e. 05″) size with “P” or “S” trap in WHITE glazed earthenware

Easy EXPLANATION: Best Indian make Water Closet pan of 630mm (i.e. 25″) size with “P” or “S” trap in white glazed earthenware.

The correct choice is (C) 24

Easiest explanation: 100 SQ m total dry volume of materials = 2.75+50% = 2.75+1.375 = 4.125 CU m. Therefore, cement = (4.125) / (1+2+4) = .59 cu m = .60 cu m (18 bags). For neat cement surface finishing additional 0.2 cu m (6 bags) of cement will be required.

Right choice is (b) 1 tonne

For explanation: The average speed for a BULLOCK cart may be taken as 3.20 km( 2 UNITS) per hour and ¾ hour may be allowed for loading and unloading. TAKING 8 hours WORKING per day, the number of trips per day can be calculated.

Right choice is (d) 0.43 cu m

The explanation: DIVIDE 3 by the sum of the numerals of the PROPORTION of materials which gives the QUANTITY of CEMENT in cu m. For brickwork in 1:6 cement mortar cement = 3/(1+6) = 0.43 cu m.

Correct answer is (a) True

The EXPLANATION is: Cement is the binding element in both concrete and mortar. It is made most commonly of limestone, clay, SHELLS, silica SAND and other materials.

Concrete is composed of cement, sand, and gravel or other fine and coarse aggregate. The addition of water activates the cement, which is the element RESPONSIBLE for binding the mix together to form one solid object.

Mortar is composed of cement and sand. When water is mixed in with this product, the cement is activated. Whereas concrete can stand alone, mortar is used to hold together BRICKS, stones or other such hardscape components.

Correct choice is (a) True

To explain I would say: To produce concrete from most cements (excluding asphalt), water is mixed with the dry powder and AGGREGATE, which PRODUCES a semi-liquid SLURRY that can be shaped, typically by pouring it into a form. The concrete solidifies and hardens through a CHEMICAL process called hydration. The water reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components together, CREATING a robust stone-like material.

The correct choice is (a) True

For explanation I would SAY: Lime plaster was a common building MATERIAL for wall SURFACES in a process known as lath and plaster, whereby a series of wooden strips on a studwork frame was covered with a semi-dry plaster that hardened into a SURFACE. The plaster used in most lath and plaster CONSTRUCTION was mainly lime plaster, with a cure time of about a month.

Right answer is (c) Plaster

To explain I would SAY: The most common types of plaster mainly contain either gypsum, lime, or cement, but all WORK in a similar way. The plaster is manufactured as a DRY powder and is mixed with water to form a stiff but workable PASTE immediately before it is applied to the surface. The reaction with water liberates HEAT through crystallization and the hydrated plaster then hardens.

Correct choice is (a) True

Best explanation: A very long example is the 113-mile (181.9 km) OVERSEAS Highway connecting many of the Florida KEYS with the CONTINENTAL United States.

Even on mainlands, some settlements have no roads connecting with the primary continental NETWORK, due to natural obstacles LIKE mountains or wetlands, remoteness, or general expense.

The correct option is (b) False

The explanation: In countries where traffic flows on the right, traffic signs are mostly on the right SIDE of the road, roundabouts and traffic circles go counter-clockwise/anti-clockwise, and pedestrians crossing a two-way road should watch out for traffic from the LEFT first. In countries where traffic flows on the left, the reverse is true.

About 33% of the world by POPULATION drive on the left and 67% keep right. By road distances, about 28% drive on the left, and 72% on the right, EVEN though originally most traffic drove on the left worldwide.

The CORRECT choice is (d) Plinth area

Easiest explanation: Plinth area is CALCULATED by taking the EXTERNAL dimensions of the building at the floor level excluding plinth offsets if any. Court-yard, OPEN AREAS, balconies and cantilever projections are not included in the plinth area.

Correct option is (a) True

The explanation: i) 12MM chromium plated tap with appropriate marks for COLD or hot water.

ii) 32 mm chromium plated brass waste coupling with RUBBER PLUG and chain.

iii) 12mm p.v.c. connector with wiped joints & 15MM chromium plated brass stop cock.

Right option is (b) 4 Beldars, 3 Mazdoors, 5 Masons and 1 Bhishti

Explanation: 4 cm thick cement concrete flooring of 40 sq m require-4 Beldars, 3 Mazdoors, 5 Masons and 1 Bhishti PER day for MIXING, LAYING and FINISHING.

The correct ANSWER is (c) Quantity survey

For explanation: These QUANTITIES are WORKED from the plan and drawing of the structure. Thus the quantity survey indicates the quantities of work to be done under each item which when priced per UNIT gives the amount of cost.

The correct option is (d) 5 Beldars and 4 Mazdoors

Best explanation: Excavation in FOUNDATION, trenches, etc. in ordinary SOIL INCLUDING disposal up to 30 m(100’) and LIFT of 1.5 m (5’).

Right option is (B) False

The best I can explain: Laths are about an inch wide, and are made in THREE THICKNESSES; single (\(\frac{1}{8}\) to \(\frac{3}{16}\) inch THICK), LATH and a half (\(\frac{1}{4}\) inch thick), and double (\(\frac{3}{8}\)–\(\frac{1}{2}\) inch thick).

Right option is (a) gypsum

The explanation is: CaSO4•2H2O + heat → CaSO4•0.5H2O + 1.5H2O (released as steam).

When the dry plaster powder is mixed with WATER, it re-forms into gypsum. The setting of UNMODIFIED plaster starts about 10 MINUTES after mixing and is complete in about 45 minutes; but not fully set for 72 hour. If plaster or gypsum is heated above 266 °F (130 °C), hemihydrate is formed, which will also re-form as gypsum if mixed with water.

The correct option is (a) True

To EXPLAIN: The PLANNERS should AIM to achieve a TARGET of 75% of the plinth area. The carpet area of residential building may be 50% to 65% of the plinth area of building with a target of 65%.

The correct answer is (a) True

Best explanation: 1^1⁄2’’ THICK of size of 6’-9”*3’-9” per day. Quantity of wood per shutter -0.075 CU m, i.e., 2.66 cu ft.

Right option is (C) RS. 72000/-

Easy EXPLANATION: Cube rate estimate is most accurate as compared to the PLINTH area estimate as the height of the BUILDING is also compared.

Correct choice is (a) True

To explain I would say: The REASON for its popularity is due to its availability and the economy. RIGID pavements MUST be DESIGNED to endure frequently repeated traffic loadings. The typical designed service life of a rigid pavement is between 30 and 40 years, lasting about twice as LONG as a flexible pavement.

Right option is (c) bottom of P trap W.C

Best explanation: A vent is open at top and bottom, to facilitate exit of foul gases. It is carried at least ONE meter higher than the roof level. Rain WATER pipe: it is a pipe which carries only the rain water. Anti-siphonage pipe: it is pipe which is installed in the house DRAINAGE to preserve the water seal of TRAPS.

The correct answer is (B) False

For explanation I would say: LAYING cement CONCRETE – 2 beldars, 3 mazdoors, ¾ Bhishti and ¼ mason can do 2.83 cu m(100 cu ft) per day.

The correct answer is (B) Horizontal circulation area

For EXPLANATION: It is required for the horizontal MOVEMENT of the users of building. This may be 10% to 15% of the plinth area of the building.

Right CHOICE is (b) False

For explanation I would say: Rigid pavements are GENERALLY USED in CONSTRUCTING airports and major HIGHWAYS, such as those in the interstate highway system.

Correct choice is (a) True

Best explanation: If REQUIRED, concrete shall be used for packing. The ends of the PIPES shall be kept closed to keep DIRT, MUD and foreign materials, out. Adequate provision shall be made to prevent floating of pipe in the event of flooding of trenches. The body of the pipe for its entire length shall rest on an even bed in the trench and places shall be excavated to receive the collar for the PURPOSE of jointing.

Right ANSWER is (a) 1:3 to 1:6

The explanation: White cement MIXED with colour PIGMENT of the desired proportion may ALSO be used, but for STRENGTH it is better if ordinary Portland cement is mixed with white cement in the proportion of 1:1 to 1:3 and then to add colour pigment to have the desired colour.

The CORRECT option is (a) True

The BEST explanation: Its purpose is to replace conventional GYPSUM plasters in cases where the temperature can get too HIGH for gypsum plaster to stay on the wall. HEAT resistant plaster should be used in cases where the wall is likely to exceed temperatures of 50 °C.

Correct option is (d) CLAY

For explanation I would say: Clay plaster has been used since antiquity.Settlers in the AMERICAN colonies used clay plaster on the interiors of their houses: “Interior PLASTERING in the form of clay antedated even the building of houses of frame, and must have been visible in the INSIDE of wattle filling in those earliest frame houses in which …wainscot had not been indulged.

Right answer is (a) True

The explanation is: In addition, at every change of alignment gradient or diameter there shall be a manhole or INSPECTION chamber. The distance between manhole or inspection chamber and gully chamber shall not exceed 6 metres unless desired otherwise. Manhole shall be CONSTRUCTED so as to be watertight under test. The BENDING at the sides shall be carried out in such a manner as to PROVIDE no lodgement for any splashings in case of accidental FLASHING of the chamber.

The correct choice is (b) portland cement

For explanation I would say: It is normally applied to masonry interiors and EXTERIORS to achieve a smooth SURFACE. Interior surfaces sometimes receive a final layer of gypsum plaster. Walls constructed with stock BRICKS are normally plastered while face brick walls are not plastered. Various cement-based plasters are ALSO used as proprietary spray fireproofing products.