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InterviewSolution
This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 2351. |
In an AP if the common difference (d) = - 4, and the seventh term (a7) is 4, then find the first term. |
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Answer» Given d = – 4 and a7 = 4 We know that nth term of AP is an = a + (n – 1)d a7 = a + (7 – 1)d [n = 7] 4 = a + 6(– 4) a = 4 + 24 = 28 First term of an AP = 28 |
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| 2352. |
Write a note on classification of data. |
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Detailed Answer : Classification is the process of arranging data into different groups or classes on the basis of some common characteristics. Data can be broadly classified : (a) On Qualitative basis – on the basis of some attributes which cannot be expressed in numerical terms. (b) On Quantitative basis – on the basis of physical measurement. (c) On Spatial basis – on the basis of location / area. (d) On Choronological basis – on the basis of time or time period. |
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| 2353. |
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow : Libraries1. Libraries are buildings filled with stacks of books and resources. Modern day libraries also consist of electronic resources. Libraries offer wealth of knowledge, resources, space and environment to discover the world of books and enjoy studying or just reading for pleasure. The benefits of libraries are countless as they play a vital role by providing access to information, knowledge and entertainment resources.2. Virtual libraries provide immediate access to a wide range of books and resources. Libraries provide materials in all formats such as books, periodicals, magazines, videos, audios and digital media. The resources are tailored to meet the needs of the learner community. The wide range of resources meets the needs of diverse users. Whether in an educational or public library, people benefit from the assistance of librarians and staff members. There is a head librarian in every library and a team of professional staff who help people with queries and recommend books as per their interest. Libraries are always catalogued by trained staff. They are catalogued to meet the needs of the community. The catalogue is also entered and stored in computers so that it becomes easy for the users to search. Libraries have a positive impact on the development of our society. They open a world of books and sources of information and knowledge to people for free.3. Libraries require a lot of staff and real estate to house various books and resources. It becomes really expensive to maintain libraries and the library staff. Since they are not seen as crucial, they are likely to bear budget cuts. Since a wide range of books and resources are to be maintained and updated in old libraries, the useful resources may be limited due to the time it takes to update. So, the libraries may not sometimes have access to the current information. Some limited edition books and journals from centuries ago may not be available in every library. People looking for such resources must visit traditional libraries for the same.4. Some argue that there is technology to read online and do research so what is the need to visit a library. Yet libraries have served the communities for centuries by providing original and quality resources. People who have the habit of visiting and using libraries understand the value and importance of libraries. In addition to it, there are people who love reading but cannot afford to buy many books. They can get easy access to valuable resources in libraries.On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any eight of the following questions :(a) What do modern libraries offer ?(b) What is the role played by the head librarian and other staff members ?(c) What is the use of making a catalogue ?(d) How do libraries help in the development of society ? (e) Why do libraries become expensive ?(f) Why sometimes do they not have access to current information ?(g) What are the uses of a traditional library ?(h) What can be the impact of online material on libraries ?(i) Who understands the value and importance of a library ? |
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Answer» (a) Modern libraries offer electronic resources. (b) The head librarian and other staff members help people with queries and recommend book as per their interest. (c) By making a catalogue it becomes easier for users to search books. (d) Libraries open a world of books and sources of information and knowledge to people for free. (e) Libraries become expensive as a lot of staff and real estate is required to house various books & resources (f) Sometimes, the libraries do not have access to current information because of the lack of time or the limited time. (g) Traditional libraries have limited edition books and journals from centuries ago which may not be available in every library (h) The impact of online material on libraries is that, the people might question the need to visit a library. (i) The value and importance of a library is well understood by people who have the habit of visiting and using the libraries. |
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| 2354. |
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :1. His heavy bat was a major talking point whenever Sachin Tendulkar battled injuries in his over-twodecade-long career but the iconic cricketer said he was never convinced about giving it up for a lighter one as his timing got affected every time he tried the change. In his autobiography `Playing It My Way', Tendulkar wrote that he was asked several times to try a lighter bat but it never worked for him.2. "I used a pretty heavy bat and I was sometimes encouraged to move to a lighter one. Again, I did try but I never felt comfortable, as my whole bat swing depended on that weight. When I was hitting a drive, I needed the weight to generate the power. It was all to do with the timing," he explains. The alltime leading scorer in the game also offered an interesting take on how to hold the bat. "To me the bat should be an extension of your arm, and if you've reached the stage where it's become an extension of your arm, why do you need to change ? What mattered to me most when I was batting was feeling comfortable. As long as I felt comfortable, it didn't matter where I was playing or who I was playing against. If you make technical adjustments, such as moving to a lighter bat, to cope with different conditions, there's a risk of making yourself feel uncomfortable and of thinking too much about your technique," he says.3. Tendulkar has advised budding batsmen against too much experimentation, saying, "the bat should be an extension of your arm" and there is no need for a change in technique if "you have reached that stage". "People have often commented on my own grip, which is very low down on the handle. It all goes back to when I started playing cricket when I was eleven, with my brother Ajit, who is ten years older. As I didn't have a bat of my own, I had to use Ajit's full-size bat and the only way I could cope with the weight at that age was to hold the bat right at the bottom of the handle," Tendulkar writes. "Some coaches suggested changing my grip, and I did experiment, but it never felt right. I had got used to feeling the end of the handle pressing against the inside of my forearm and if I gripped the bat further up I didn't have that, and batting just didn't feel natural. "That's not to say that my technique didn't change at all, though. Throughout my career, I was always looking to improve and constantly tried new things to cope with different situations."4. Tendulkar said one must try to read the bowler's mind rather than thinking too much about "your own batting". "I've always felt that I've batted best when my mind has been at the bowler's end of the pitch, not at my end. In fact, for both batsmen and bowlers, I've always believed that cricket is played best when your mind is at the opposite end and that problems occur when your mind is stuck at your own end. "For example, if a bowler is thinking too much about bowling no-balls, he's not going to be able to bowl what he wants to bowl. Instead, his mind should be at the batsman's end, focusing on where he's going to pitch the ball, which way he's going to swing it and so on. As a batsman, if I'm not consciously worrying about my footwork or my backlift or my wrist-work, then I know that I'm in the right space, because my mind needs to be at the opposite end, figuring out what the bowler is trying to do. There's no time to think about both ends at the same time," he says.On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any four of the following questions in 30 – 40 words each :(a) What could be the problems facing a cricketer in making technical adjustments?(b) What advice did Tendulkar give to budding batsmen ? (c) Why did he start using a heavy bat ?(d) Why did the advice given by coaches not work for him ?(e) Why is it important to read a bowler's mind ? |
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Answer» (a) In making technical adjustments, a cricketer might feel uncomfortable or might give too much stress over technique. (b) Tendulkar advised to budding batsmen that too much experimentation should not be done and techniques should not be changed if one is uncomfortable. (c) He started using a heavy bat because his timing got affected everytime he tried to change. (d) The advice given by coaches that he should change the grip didn’t work for him because it didn’t feel right and natural to him. (e) It is important to read a bowler’s mind because a batsman can play best when his mind is at the opposite end. |
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| 2355. |
Complete the paragraph given below by filling in the blanks with the help of options that follow : For centuries lemon has been used for (a) ................. healing properties. It acts (b) ............... a blood purifier (c) .............. helps the body to get rid (d) .............. toxins. (a) (i) its (ii) his (iii) their (iv) it’s (b) (i) in (ii) as (iii) for (iv) with (c) (i) and (ii) but (iii) because (iv) as (d) (i) on (ii) up (iii) in (iv) of |
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Answer» (a) (iv) it’s (b) (ii) as (c) (i) and (d) (iv) of |
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| 2356. |
Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks by choosing the most appropriate option from the ones given below. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank numbers. Do not copy the whole passage. We are often discouraged (a) .............. others not to dream. People say dreamers are (b) ................ in their own world and don’t do anything worthwhile. They are (c) .............. but to a certain extent only. A person, who only dreams and (d) .............. not do anything to fulfill them, will be called a failure in life. (a) (i) for (ii) in (iii) by (iv) from (b) (i) lose (ii) loss (iii) lost (iv) loose (c) (i) write (ii) right (iii) rite (iv) wright (d) (i) does (ii) did (iii) done (iv) do |
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Answer» (a) (iii) by (b) (iii) lost (c) (ii) right (d) (i) does |
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| 2357. |
Background is an attribute of :(i) <BODY> tag(ii) <FONT> tag(iii) <IMG> tag(iv) <A> tag |
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Answer» Background is an attribute of <BODY> tag |
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| 2358. |
Name and explain the role of a selectable marker in the vector shown. |
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Answer» The selectable markers are ampR (resistance to ampicillin) and tetR (resistance to tetracycline). Selectable markers help to select the host cells which contain the vector (transformants) and eliminating non-transformants. If a foreign DNA ligates at the BamHI site of tetracycline resistance gene in the vector pBR322, the recombinant plasmid loses the tetracycline resistance due to insertion of DNA. It can still be selected out from non-recombinant. |
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| 2359. |
Mention the area labelled in the vector responsible for controlling the copy number of the inserted gene. |
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Answer» Origin of replication ‘ori’ controls copy number of inserted gene. |
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| 2360. |
The range of one branch of sin-1x, other than the principal value of branch. |
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Answer» The principal value branch of y = cos-1x is 0, π So one branch of cos -1x other than the principal branch is 2π, 3π. Range of a function is the maximum and minimum value of a function. Hence the range of sin-1 x remains same for any branch. As it is a periodic function , so the maximum and minimum value will occur again and again at different branches. |
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| 2361. |
Name any two figures that have both line symmetry and rotational symmetry. |
| Answer» Circle and Square. | |
| 2362. |
An aeroplane can carry a maximum of 250 passengers. A profit of Rs 500 is made on each first class ticket and a profit of Rs 350 of each economy class ticket. The airline reserves atleast 25 seats for first class. However, atleast 3 times as many passengers prefer to travel by economy class than first class. Form an L.P.P to determine how many tickets of each type must be added in order to maximize profit for the airlines. |
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Answer» Let the number of first class tickets sold = x Number of economy class tickets sold = y Objective function is maximize profit Z = 500x + 350y Subject to constraints are x ≥ 25 y ≥ 3x x + y ≤ 250 x, y ≥ 0 |
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| 2363. |
Prove that the inverse of a square matrix, if it exists, is unique. |
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Answer» Let A be a square matrix. If possible let B and C are its two inverses. As B is the inverse of A AB = BA = I …(1) As C is the inverse of A AC = CA = I …(2) B = BI = B(AC) = (BA)C = IC = C B = C Hence the inverse of A is unique. |
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| 2364. |
Prove that f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 3x – 100 is increasing on R. |
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Answer» f(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 3x – 100 f'(x) = 3x2 – 6x + 3 = 3(x2 – 2x + 1) = 3 (x – 1)2 For all values of x ∈ R, f'(x) ≥ 0, so f(x) is increasing on R. |
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| 2365. |
Let * be a binary operation on N given by a * b = HCF (a, b) a, b, ∈N. Write the value of 22 * 4. |
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Answer» Given a * b = HCF (a, b), a, b∈N |
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| 2366. |
Let R be the relation defined on set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} by R = {(a, b) : |a – b| is even}. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Also show that all the elements of the subset {2, 4, 6} are related to each other and all the elements of the subset {1, 3, 5} are related to each other, but no element of the subset {2, 4} is related to an element of the subset {1, 3, 5}. |
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Answer» A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} R = {(a, b) : |a – b| is even} R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (1, 3), (3, 1), (1, 5), (5, 1), (2, 4), (4, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3)} Reflexive: As |a – a| = 0 (an even number) (a, a) ∈ R So R is reflexive. Symmetric: (a, b) ∈ R |a – b| is even = |-(b – a)| is even = |b – a| is even = (b, a) ∈ R So R is symmetric. Transitive: (a, b) ∈ R, (b, c) ∈ R ⇒ |a – b| is even and |b – c| is even ⇒ |a – b| is even and (b – c) is even = (a – b + b – c) is even = (a – c) is even = |a – c| is even = (a, c) ∈ R So R is transitive. R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive, so R is an equivalence relation. as |1 – 3|, |3 – 1|, |3 – 5|, |5 – 3| and |1 – 5|, |5 – 1| are even numbers. Therefore all elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other. Also |2 – 4|, |4 – 2| is even. So all elements of {2, 4} are related to each other. |1 – 2|, |2 – 1|; |1 – 4|, |4 – 1|; |3 – 2|, |2 – 3|; |3 – 4|, |4 – 3|; |5 – 2|, |2 – 5|; |5 – 4|, |4 – 5| are not even. So no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}. |
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| 2367. |
Define economic activity. |
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Answer» Economic activities refer to the activities performed by different types of people to earn their living. |
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| 2368. |
Which of the following is a characteristic of statistics in plural sense:(a) numerical set of data (b) collected in a systematic manner(c) placed in relation to each other (d) all the above |
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Answer» Correct option (a) numerical set of data |
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| 2369. |
Explain briefly the following terms used in communication system: (i) Transducer (ii) Repeater (iii) Amplification |
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Answer» (i) Transducer: Any device which converts one form of energy into another. (ii) Repeater: It is a combination of a receiver and a transmitter. A repeater, picks up the signal from the transmitter, amplifies and retransmits it to receiver sometimes with a change in carrier frequency. (iii) Amplification: It is the process of increasing the amplitude of a signal using an electronic circuit. (i.e., amplifier). It is necessary to compensate for attenuation of signal in communication system. |
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| 2370. |
Block diagram of a receiver is shown in the figure:(a) Identity ‘X’ and ‘Y’. (b) Write their functions. |
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Answer» (a) Box ‘x’ represents IF stage (intermediate frequency stage) Box ‘y’ represents Amplifier. (b) Function of IF stage - It changes the electromagnetic wave of high frequency to a lower frequency for further detection in detector. Function of amplifier - The detected signal may not be strong enough to be made use of, then amplifier is required. Its function is to enhance the power of the signals upto a required level. |
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| 2371. |
Difference between the threshold voltage and the breakdown voltage for a diode. |
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Answer» Threshold voltage: The forward voltage at which the current through the PN junction starts increasing rapidly is known as knee voltage. It is also called as cut-in –voltage or threshold voltage. Breakdown voltage: The reverse voltage at which the PN junction breakdown occurs is called as breakdown voltage. The forward threshold voltage is where current conduction begins. Below this threshold current flow is negligible. For a silicon diode, voltage threshold for current conduction is about.5 volts. A commonly stated forward drop for the silicon diode is .7 volts. Forward voltage drop increases with a Log function, reaching about 1 volt at full rated current. In the reverse direction a diode doesn’t conduct much current. Minor leakage is present and varies as a function of temperature or light applied to the die.Germanium diodes have substantial reverse leakage current. They offer very low forward drop. Front to back ratio was measured when technicians checked them using analog ohm meters (back when germanium was more popular, ten to one front-to-back ratio was a passing value). Shotkey diodes are similar to germanium diodes. Both offer fast recovery time. Low voltage ratings limit the use of both. Reverse breakdown voltage is where avalanche breakdown causes a reverse biased diode to become conductive. Reverse voltage breakdown testing can be destructive. Avalanche rated diodes can be placed in series without adding an external compensated resistor divider. Fast and ultra fast diodes are usually avalanche rated. |
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| 2372. |
Find the output of following program.import numpy as npd=np.array([10,20,30,40,50,60,70])print(d[-4:]) |
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Answer» [40 50 60 70] |
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| 2373. |
Two elements A (atm. wt. 75) and B (atm wt. 16) combine to yield a compound. The percentage by weight of A in the compound was found to be 75.08. The formula of the compound is -(A) AB (B) AB2 (C) A2B (C) A2B3 |
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Answer» The formula of the compound is A2B3 |
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| 2374. |
Give reasons :Conductivity of CH3COOH decreases on dilution. |
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Answer» The number of ions per unit volume decreases. Detailed Answer : Conductivity varies with the change in the concentration of the electrolyte. The number of ions per unit volume decreases on dilution. So, conductivity decreases with decrease in concentration. Therefore, conductivity of CH3COOH decreases on dilution. |
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| 2375. |
Arrange the following in the decreasing order of their reducing character : HF, HCL, HBr, HI |
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Answer» Decreasing order of reducing character : HI>HBr>HCl>HF |
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| 2376. |
What is galvanic cell. |
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Answer» The Galvaniv cell consists of a zinc rod dipping in a solution of zinc sulphate, connected by a wire to a copper rod dipping in a copper sulphate (II) solution. Spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions generate electric current, with electrons passing from the zinc rod to the wire and from it to the copper rod, originating a current along the wire. |
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| 2377. |
What is galvanic cell ? discuss the construction and working of daniel cell ? |
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Answer» The Daniell cell consists of a zinc rod dipping in a solution of zinc sulphate, connected by a wire to a copper rod dipping in a copper sulphate (II) solution. Spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions generate electric current, with electrons passing from the zinc rod to the wire and from it to the copper rod, originating a current along the wire. Construction:- In the construction of Daniel cell many chemical and non-chemical materials are used. The materials are given below: (i) a strip of copper (ii) a strip of zinc (iii) a large beaker, bowl or other suitable container (iv) a porous vase (as discussed in the Introduction) (v) a plastic tube (vi) cotton (vii) Copper Sulfate (CuSO4) (viii) Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO4) (ix) Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) (x) Sodium Chloride (NaCl) if Potassium Nitrate is unavailable (xi) distilled water (xii) a voltmeter two cables with alligator clips |
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| 2378. |
What is the range of frequencies used for T.V. transmission? State two factors by which the range of TV signals can be increased. |
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Answer» Range: 76-88 MHz and 420-890 MHz Factors: by increasing height of transmitting antenna and using repeater stations. |
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| 2379. |
What are fossils? List any two ways in which fossils support biological evolution of an organism. |
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Answer» Fossils are the remains of pre-historic organisms in sedimentary rocks or other media.
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| 2380. |
What are the qualities of at the fourth stage? |
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Answer» The fourth stage of life is preferred by many people along this path, and it is the stage where the human being begins to discover himself. Sentimental life is strong in this phase, experiencing new feelings (positive and negative) of those who previously lacked. The attraction for the opposite sex takes an important part in this stage of the hand of the development of the sexual glands. As for the end of this stage, although it can be considered to take place at twenty years of age, it depends a lot on each individual and the environment where it has developed, for example: Lifestyle : in rural societies, this stage concludes earlier than in those inhabiting cosmopolitan cities. Gender : usually, women reach maturity (own stage 5, youth) earlier than men. |
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| 2381. |
How to score 90% marks in CBSE Board Exam 2018 in just one month study? |
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Answer» There is no superpower required to score more than 90% marks in CBSE board class 12th exam. But you have to follow the common path, they are: 1. Read NCERT book's important topic and make a strong grip over it. As nothing in boards comes out of it. You can also read and download class 12 NCERT books online. 2. Revise notes of each chapter so that it will help you in quick revision. At this time if you have not prepared notes then don't waste your time in preparing notes go for online notes. In mathematics section, revise important formulas and theorems. You can get Math formulas for class 12 here. 3. If you are done with the above aspects than its time to solve questions. First, solve CBSE class 12 sample papers issued by CBSE board officially. Then solve at least previous 6 years board question paper which will boost your confidence level. If you follow these steps with having good management of time then without any doubt you can score more than 90% in CBSE class 12 board examination. Scoring 90% marks in board exam in just a month of study is not a magic but it can be made by following these study strategies (Assumed that you have read NCERT Books thoroughly):
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| 2382. |
Transpiration and photosynthesis in plants is a compromise. Substantiate. |
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Answer» Transpiration creates transpiration pull for absorption and transport of plants.
Plants need water for photosynthesis and it can be limited by availability of water, which can be swiftly depleted by transpiration. The humidity of rainforest is due to cycling of water. The evolution of C4 photosynthetic pathway helps in maximizing the availability of CO2 while minimizing water loss. |
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| 2383. |
Describe the nodule formation in leguminous plants. |
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Answer» Nodule formation in leguminous plants takes place due to interaction between Rhizobium and roots of the leguminous plants. Rhizobia multiply and colonise the surroundings of roots and get attached to epidermal and root hair cells, the root hair curl and bacteria invade the root hair. An infection thread is produced carrying the bacteria into the cortex of the root, where they initiate the nodule formation. The bacteria are then released from the thread into the cells which leads to the differentiation of specialized nitrogen fixing cells. The nodule thus formed, establishes a direct vascular connection with the host for exchange of nutrients. The nodule contains nitrogenase and leg haemoglobin which helps in nitrogen fixation. The nitrogenase enzyme catalyses the conversion of atmospheric N2 to ammonia. The nitrogenase is highly sensitive to O2. Therefore, the nodules have an O2 scavenger leg haemoglobin. |
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| 2384. |
(a) What is respiratory quotient (RQ)?(b) the respiratory pathway in plants is called amphibolic pathway. Why ?Mention the RQ values for carbohydrates, fats and proteins during aerobic respiration. |
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Answer» (a) The ratio of volume of CO2 evolved to the volume of O2 consumed during respiration. OR RQ = Volume of CO2 evolved / Volume of O2 consumed RQ of carbohydrates-1, fats less than 1 and proteins is less than 1 (b) Because respiratory pathway involves both anabolism and catabolism |
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| 2385. |
Name the hormones which are responsible for the following functions:(a) Stimulates the resorption of water and electrolytes in kidneys.(b) Maintains sleep wake cycle.(c) Regulates the blood calcium level.(d) Provide immunity.(e) Supports pregnancy |
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Answer» (a) ADH or vasopressin (b) Melatonin (c) Calcitonin (d) Thymosin (e) Progesterone |
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| 2386. |
French colonization of Vietnam was based on which two ideas? |
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Answer» Economic exploitation and the Civilizing Mission. |
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| 2387. |
Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject :To go to school on a summer morning __________ (drive / drives) away the joy of the boy. He __________ (spend/ spends) the day in misery and __________ (sit / sits) in the cage. |
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Answer» drives, spends, sits. |
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| 2388. |
Where should students go for aesthetic development? |
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Answer» Students must step out into the outside world. |
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| 2389. |
What kind of co- curricular activities have become points of focus today? |
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Answer» Co-curricular activities that take place outside the classroom but reinforce or supplement classroom curriculum |
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| 2390. |
What is rancidity? Mention any two ways by which rancidity can be prevented. |
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Answer» Rancidity: It is defined as chemical decomposition of oils and fats. In another words it is the spoiling of food materials difficult to consumed. It can be prevented by following methods: (i) While Packing food materials air should be by Nitrogen. (ii) The food materials should be placed at very low temperature. (iii)Addition of antioxidants also prevents rancidity process. |
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| 2391. |
Read the extract given below and briefly answer the questions that follow each:The little old house was out with a little new shed,In front at the edge of the road where the traffic sped,A roadside stand that too pathetically pled.. 1. Why had a new shed been put up?2. Which traffic is referred to here?3. Why is the stand’s existence said to be ‘pathetic?4. '..That too pathetically pled' .Name the figure of speech used. |
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Answer» 1. to make a living out of the city money. 2. the cars and other vehicles speeding towards city 3. Because their expectations are never fulfilled as the rich men are not considerate about them/ Because their very purpose is destroyed as city money does not flow into their hands 4. Personification |
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| 2392. |
What will give children a better insight into industry? |
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Answer» Visiting industries will give a better insight into industries |
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| 2393. |
Pick out the words/phrases from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following:i. untrue (Para 1)ii. cooperative effort (Para 3) |
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Answer» Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following: i. Hoax ii. Coordination |
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| 2394. |
Why are most carbon compounds poor conductors of electricity ? |
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Answer» Carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity as they form covalent bond and thus so does not give rise to free electrons or ions in aqueous solution. |
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| 2395. |
Why are soft skills difficult to teach in the classroom? |
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Answer» Soft skills are developed only through practical exposure and opportunities to implement what they have learnt. |
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| 2396. |
Suggest three contraceptive methods to control the size of human population which is essential for the health and prosperity of a country. State the basic principle involved in each. |
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Answer» Three methods of contraception are : (i) Barrier method or mechanical method/ Condom/ Diaphragm- To prevent and ova. the meeting of sperms (ii) Chemical method/ Oral pills- Changes the hormonal balance of the female partners so that the eggs are not released. (iii) Surgical method- To block the vas deferens in males/ vasectomy, or the fallopian tube (oviduct) in females/ tubectomy, to prevent the transfer of sperms or egg and hence no fertilization takes place. (iv) IUCDs/ Loop or the copper-T placed in the uterus- To prevent pregnancy. |
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| 2397. |
A motorcycle rider without helmet met an accident and suffered a spinal cord injury. In this case which signals will get disrupted and why ? |
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Answer» In case of a spinal cord injury, signals for reflex action and involuntary action will get disrupted. Reflex actions are monitored and controlled through the spinal cord of nervous system and not by the brain. Infact, nerves from all over the body meet in a bundle in the spinal cord on their way to the brain. In case of any injury, to the spinal cord, the signals coming from the nerves as well as signal coming to the receptors will be disrupted. |
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| 2398. |
Define breathing. Explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings. |
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Answer» A physical process by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is given out is called breathing. Breathing in humans involves three steps : (i) Inspiration: When we breathe in, ribs move up and flatter-r the diaphragm due to which the chest cavity becomes larger. As a result, air is sucked into the lungs and fills the expanded alveoli. (ii) Gaseous exchange : Haemoglobin binds with the oxygen and carries it along the blood in the body. As blood passes through the tissues of the body, oxygen from the blood diffuses into the cell, whereas carbon dioxide which is produced during respiration diffuses into the blood and is carried to the lungs for expiration. (iii) Expiration : Ribs move down and diaphragm becomes dome-shaped decreasing the chest cavity. Thus, pushing the air out from lungs. |
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| 2399. |
Waste Disposal and Waste Management poses a major problem in present times. Generation of garbage and its disposal is a major threat and consequently leads to severe environmental issues. The problem is not with biodegradable and recycled wastes. We realise that the need is to reduce non-biodegradable wastes.(a) Why is there a great concern of managing non-biodegradable waste in comparison to biodegradable waste ? Explain.(b) As a member of eco club of your school, suggest any two ways that you will discuss with your fellow members to organise for a “Zero garbage day” once in a month in the school. |
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Answer» (a) In comparision to biodegradable waste non biodegradable waste pollute the soil and also underground water |
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| 2400. |
What are the different measures taken to ensure free and fair elections in India. |
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Answer» Different Measures taken to ensure Free and Fair Elections. The following are the different measures taken to ensure free and fair elections in India : (i) Every step is being taken so that the voters are able to cast their votes according to their preferences. (ii) Every effort is being made for the security and safety of the voters at the Election Booths. Sufficient policemen are posted near the Election Booths so that no illegal person could disrupt the election process. (iii) Every attempt is made to see that no inducement is given to voter to cast their votes in a particular way. (iv) It is also seen that no coercion is used in any way to force voters to vote for a particular candidate. (v) During the election campaigning, it is to be seen that the Ruling Party does not use the government machinery in its favour whatsoever. (vi) Rigging or using unfair means in elections should not be allowed in any way. Rigging is to elections what cheating is to examination. (vii) All efforts are made to see that nobody tries to use his muscle or money power. (viii) Over and above these measures, an institution of Election Commission has been created in India which is quite independent of the government control. It tries to conduct the elections in a free and fair manner. |
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