Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in .

Staffing is a procedure of filling vacancies and keeping them filled. It focuses on meeting the human resource requirements of an organisation. 

The importance of staffing can be explained through the following points: 

i. Finds competent personnel - Staffing helps in finding and choosing the right personnel required for various positions in any organisation. 

ii. Improves efficiency - Staffing ensures that right people are placed at the right jobs. This improves the overall efficiency and performance of an organisation. 

iii. Facilitates organisational growth - By ensuring the appointment of efficient and competent personnel for various jobs, staffing guarantees the survival and growth of any organisation in the long run. 

iv. Effective function - Staffing deals with human factor of the organisation as it involves recruiting and training of the right people for the right jobs. As human beings are the most essential element of an organisation, staffing forms one of the most effective and important functions. 

v. Ensures optimum utilisation of human resources - Through proper manpower planning, staffing helps in avoiding over-utilisation or underutilisation of manpower. 

vi. Provides job satisfaction to individuals - Compensation and fair rewards given to the recruited individuals gives them job satisfaction, thereby ensuring their retention in the organisation for a long time period

Factors of business environment are always changing.

(A) Meaning : Right person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing, Staffing is the process involved in attracting, identifying, assessing, recruiting, placing, evaluating and directing employees. It is recruitment, selection, development, training and compensation of employees. It is very challenging for the organisation to focus on best utilisation of workforce by using their talents and skills, retaining them and arranging training and t development programme.

(B) Importance : 

The importance of staffing is given as follows:

(1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc.

(2) Effective utilization of Human Resources : A well organised staffing department discovers the talented, skilful, experienced and qualified staff. Proper care is taken at every stage of recruitment, selection, placement, etc. It ensures smooth functioning of all the managerial areas of the organisation.

(3) Builds relationship : A sound staffing policy creates a team spirit among the employees. Due to team spirit, a sense of belongingness among the employees is developed. This in turn leads to better communication and coordination of managerial efforts in an organisation. A smooth human relation is the key to better flow of co-ordination in an organisation.

(4) Helps Human Resource Development: Skilled and experienced employee is an asset of a business organisation. Staffing function of management is mainly concerned with human factor of production. Efforts are made to utilise the human resources more efficiently.

(5) Helps in effective use of technology and other resources : Staffing function trains employees to use latest technology, capital, material, and method of work more effectively. This brings competitive strength to the organisation. It also helps in improving standard of work and productively in terms of quality and quantity.

(6) Improve efficiency : Regular training and development programmes provide to employees to improve their performance levels. Through proper selection the organisation gets talented and quality employees.

(7) Long term effect : Sub-functions of staffing, namely, proper selection, training, development, motivation, etc. help to achieve long-term benefits such as increase in productivity and efficiency, loyalty of customers and employees, etc.

(8) Essential contribution : The selection of employees should be based on the ability of the prospective candidates to meet the future challenges. Selection is based on the ability of the prospective employee so that organisation can meet the future challenges wisely. Therefore, in staff selection, the selectors should take into account the contribution of the employees in their future roles.

(9) Provides job satisfaction : A good staffing policy creates job satisfaction in the minds of the employees. For instance, proper placement of the individuals according to their knowledge, experience and aptitude, timely promotions, training etc. give job satisfaction. Fair remuneration and job security are the factors which are important in providing job satisfaction.

(10) Maintains harmony: Proper staffing policy helps to develop good labour relations. The performances of employees are regularly appraised and promotions are made on merits. Due to this, employees develop positive attitude towards the management which, in turn, helps to bring about peace and harmony in the organisation.

Importance : 

The importance of staffing is given as follows:

(1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc

(2) Effective utilization of Human Resources : A well organised staffing department discovers the talented, skilful, experienced and qualified staff. Proper care is taken at every stage of recruitment, selection, placement, etc. It ensures smooth functioning of all the managerial areas of the organisation.

(3) Builds relationship : A sound staffing policy creates a team spirit among the employees. Due to team spirit, a sense of belongingness among the employees is developed. This in turn leads to better communication and coordination of managerial efforts in an organisation. A smooth human relation is the key to better flow of co-ordination in an organisation.

(4) Helps Human Resource Development: Skilled and experienced employee is an asset of a business organisation. Staffing function of management is mainly concerned with human factor of production. Efforts are made to utilise the human resources more efficiently.

(5) Helps in effective use of technology and other resources : Staffing function trains employees to use latest technology, capital, material, and method of work more effectively. This brings competitive strength to the organisation. It also helps in improving standard of work and productively in terms of quality and quantity.

(6) Improve efficiency : Regular training and development programmes provide to employees to improve their performance levels. Through proper selection the organisation gets talented and quality employees.

Importance : The importance of staffing is 

given as follows:

(1) Effective management function : Staffing is considered an effective managerial function as it deals with human resource. Employees appointed in the organisation through staffing function perform various activities in different areas of the organisation such as production, marketing, finance, etc.

(2) Effective utilization of Human Resources : A well organised staffing department discovers the talented, skilful, experienced and qualified staff. Proper care is taken at every stage of recruitment, selection, placement, etc. It ensures smooth functioning of all the managerial areas of the organisation.

(3) Builds relationship : A sound staffing policy creates a team spirit among the employees. Due to team spirit, a sense of belongingness among the employees is developed. This in turn leads to better communication and coordination of managerial efforts in an organisation. A smooth human relation is the key to better flow of co-ordination in an organisation.

(4) Helps Human Resource Development : Skilled and experienced employee is an asset of a business organisation. Staffing function of management is mainly concerned with human factor of production. Efforts are made to utilise the human resources more efficiently.

(5) Helps in effective use of technology and other resources : Staffing function trains employees to use latest technology, capital, material, and method of work more effectively. This brings competitive strength to the organisation. It also helps in improving standard of work and productively in terms of quality and quantity.

(6) Improve efficiency : Regular training and development programmes provide to employees to improve their performance levels. Through proper selection the organisation gets talented and quality employees.

Importance : The importance of Directing is as follows:

(1) Initiates action : Direction initiates action. It activates employees to put in their best efforts, to achieve the goals. Without effective direction, other managerial functions like planning, organising, staffing, co-ordinating and controlling become ineffective. Managers have to stimulate action by issuing instructions like what to do, how to do, etc. to the subordinates and by supervising them from time to time.

(2) Integrates efforts: At every level of the management there are subordinates under managers. The work assigned to these subordinates is interrelated. The directing function integrates the activities of the subordinates by guidance, supervision and counselling. It results in achievement of organisational goals.

(3) Means of motivation: Objectives of an organisation can be achieved only if the people working in it are properly motivated through monetary and non-monetary incentives. It boosts the morale of employees, contribute their maximum efforts and motivates them to give their best.

(4) Provides stability: Effective direction through supervision, motivation, leadership and communication provides stability and maintains balance in the organisation. This in turn results in the growth of the enterprise at faster rate. For long term survival of the organisation, stability in the organisation are necessary.

(5) Coping up with the changes : Effective direction facilitates changes in the organisation. It enables the enterprise to adopt advance technology, new methods of production, modern techniques of management, etc. It is a direction function which helps the superiors to motivate the subordinates to adapt to the new changes, new challenges, etc. Adapting to the environmental changes is necessary for the growth of the organisation.

Correct option is (b) professional bureaucracy

Staffing is concerned with humans.

Staffing function is a continuous activity. 

Explanation: 

Staffing is not a onetime process; rather, it continues throughout the life of an organisation. Staffing deals with the human aspect of an organisation and includes hiring and training of the employees. Thus, it is an ongoing process in any organisation.

Directing is initiated at the top level. 

Explanation: 

Directing is the process in which the top level management instructs, encourages and guides subordinates to achieve certain goals and objectives. Under the directing function, instruction flows from the top- to bottom-level management; that is, it starts from the managers and ends at the subordinate level. Hence, it can be said that directing is initiated at the top level.

Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the pre-determined performance.

Correct option is (a) how activities are coordinated and controlled

Staffing is concerned with human factor. 

Explanation: 

Staffing is all about managing the human element in any organisation. It involves various steps such as recruitment through various sources, right selection of candidates among the applicants and placement, orientation and training of employees.

Controlling measures the deviation of actual performance from the standard performance and helps in correction action. 

Explanation: 

Controlling is that function of management under which the set standards are compared with the actual performance and if any deviations are identified, then corrective actions are taken to control the same.

The function of management, which identifies and divides the work of the organisation – Organising. 

Explanation: 

The organising function helps in identifying activities and dividing them according to the defined plans. The actions are divided as per the objectives and this clear division of work is done so as to avoid any duplicity or overlapping of efforts.

A process where standard are set, actual performance is measured and corrective action is taken – Controlling 

Explanation: 

Under the controlling function of management, standards are set and the actual performance is compared with the planned performance. In case deviations are found, necessary corrective actions are taken to achieve the desired objectives.

The last function in managerial process is controlling. 

Explanation: 

The last function in the managerial process is controlling, as it evaluates and assesses the progress of the work done. It involves the setting of specific criteria or standards for work and then comparing the actual work with the set standards. It also helps in assessing the deviations from the set targets, thereby helping the organisation in taking the required corrective actions.

Correct option is (b) Reactive change

A function of management that ensures that actual activities match up to the planned activity- Controlling 

Explanation: 

Under the controlling function of management, the actual performance is compared with the planned performance. If deviations are found, then necessary corrective measures are taken to accomplish the set objectives.

An end function where performance is evaluated in accordance with the plan - Controlling 

Explanation: 

Controlling is the last function of in the management process where the performance of the organisation is measured and compared with the planned performance; in case there are any deviations, corrective actions are taken.

Physical, financial and human resources to develop productive relationship is an organizing function. 

Explanation: 

Organising function involves identifying and bringing together all the resources that help in the production process. Human efforts along with other resources are brought together and coordinated under this function. The aim of this function is to help people in working together and implementing the plans for the successful attainment of objectives.

Correct option is (b) development,

Correct option is (b) match the job in question

A management function which decides in advance as to what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is do it - Planning 

Explanation: 

Planning is a psychological process of thinking and deciding in advance what is to be done, how is to be done, when is to be done and by whom it is to be done. It is a mental activity in which the manager decides the goals to be achieved and the actions through which those goals are to be achieved.

A function of management that brings physical, financial and human resources together for better productivity − Organising

Explanation: 

Organising includes identifying the activities that are to be performed and bringing them together to achieve organisational goals. As each task requires resources as well as human efforts for it to get accomplished, the organising function enables coordination and integration of human efforts as well as physical and financial resources for the efficient working of the management.

A function directly related to human beings - Directing 

Explanation: 

The function of directing is directly related to the human factor of an organisation. Under this function, instructions, guidance, etc., are given to the employees along with taking care of their feelings and emotions. In this way, this function directly deals with human beings.

Correct option is (b) job analysis,

Correct answer is (d) Leukaemia

A function where recruitment, selection, training, development etc. is done for the people - Staffing 

Explanation: 

According to Theo Haimann, staffing involves recruitment, selection, development, training and compensation of subordinate managers. All these activities are done in an organisation from time to time to manage the staff efficiently. Through these activities, motivation of employees’ increases; this further leads to the betterment of the organisation.

Correct answer is (c) Leucocytosis

Correct answer is (b) Leukopenia

Correct option is (c) Cost control

1. Plasma is a straw coloured, slightly alkaline viscous fluid part of the blood, having 90-92% water and 8-10% soluble proteins. 

2. Serum albumin, serum globulin, heparin, fibrinogen and prothrombin are the plasma proteins which form 7% of the plasma.

3. Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol are the nutrients dissolved in plasma. 

4. Nitrogenous wastes (urea, uric acid, . ammonia and creatinine) and respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) is present in plasma. 

5. Enzymes and hormones too are transported Ada plasma. 

6. Inorganic minerals are also present in plasma such as bicarbonates, chlorides, phosphates and sulphates of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium.

Correct answer is (a) NLMEB

Correct answer is (b) Thromboplastin → Prothrombinase → Prothrombin → Thrombin

1. The process of converting the liquid blood into a semisolid form is called blood clotting or coagulation.

2. The process of clotting may be initiated by contact of blood with any foreign surface (intrinsic process) or with damaged tissue (extrinsic process). 

3. Intrinsic and extrinsic processes involve interaction of various substances called clotting factors by a step wise or cascade mechanism. 

4. There are in all twelve clotting factors numbered as I to XII (factor VI is not in active use). 

5. Interaction of these factors in a cascade manner leads to formation of enzyme, Thromboplastin which helps in the formation of enzyme prothrombinase. 

6. Prothrombinase inactivates heparin and also converts inactive prothrombin into active thrombin. 

7. Thrombin converts soluble blood protein- fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. Fibrin forms a mesh in which platelets and other blood cells are trapped to form the clot.

8. These reactions occur in 2 to 8 minutes. Therefore, clotting time is said to be 2 to 8 minutes.

The Anterior sucker helps in feeding, while both the suckers, help in attachment and locomotion.

An average adult has about 4 to 6 litres of blood, which is red coloured fluid connective tissue derived from embryonic mesoderm.

Prothrombin and fibrinogen.

There is 55% of plasma in the blood and it contains 90 to 92% water.

Total number of members = 15

Here, the position of secretary, vice secretary and director are fixed but there is no condition of clockwise and anti clockwise.

Hence, total number of sitting ways according to condition = 2!

Now, we can change the position of 12 members only.

Hence, total number sitting ways of 12 members = 12!

Hence, total number of ways 15 member sit according to given condition = 12! × 2!

Correct option  (b)

Explanation:

Use 1  +  ∑n

= 1 + ∑20 = 1 + 20.21/2 = 211

Correct option  (c) 204

Explanation:

1² + 2² + 3² +................+ 8²  

= 8(8 + 1)(16 + 1)/6 = 204

Let sec⁻¹(2/√3)=y, then sec=2/√3=(π/6)
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sec⁻¹ is [0,π​]−{π/2}  and (π/6)=2/√3.
Therefore, the principal value of sec⁻¹(2/√3) is π/6.

cosec^–1(cosec x) = x

Provided x ∈ \([\frac{-\pi}2,\frac{\pi}2]\) - {0}

∴ we can write cosec^–1cosec\((\frac{\pi}4)\) = \(\frac{\pi}4.\)

(b) π/2

We know that sec^-1 x + cosec^-1 x = π/2

sec^-1 (2/3) + cosec^-1 (2/3) = π/2

Let tan^-1(-√3)=y, then tany=-√3=-tanπ/3=tan(-π/3)

We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan⁻¹ is (-π/2,π/2) and  tan(-π/3)=-√3

Therefore, the principal value of tan^-1(-√3) is -π/3.

(D) is the correct answer.

We know that the principal value branch of cos^-1x is [0, π].

Also, we know that the period of cosθ is 2π.

Now, let θ \(\in\) [2π, 3π]

And cos(2π – θ) = cos θ

Thus, 2π – θ \(\in\) [0, π].

Therefore, [2π, 3π] corresponds to the principal value branch for cos^-1x.

(c) [0. π]

As we know that the principal value branch cos^-1 x is [0, π].

To find: value of x 

Formula Used: \(2sin^{-1}x=sin^{-1}(2x\sqrt{1-x^2})\)

Given: \(cos(2sin^{-1}x)=\frac{1}{9}\)

LHS = cos(2sin^-1 x) 

Let θ = sin^-1 x 

So, x = sin θ … (1) 

LHS = cos(2θ) 

= 1 – 2sin²θ 

Substituting in the given equation,

\(1-2sin^2\theta=\frac{1}{9}\)

\(2sin^2\theta=\frac{8}{9}\)

\(sin^2\theta=\frac{4}{9}\)

Substituting in (1),

\(x^2=\frac{4}{9}\)

\(x=\pm\frac{2}{3}\)

Therefore,\(x=\pm\frac{2}{3}\) are the required values of x.