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The CORRECT option is (d) Two or more circles with a common CENTRE POINT are called CONCENTRIC

Easiest explanation: When a circle is fully contained within another circle, they can be either eccentric or concentric. If they share the same centre, they are called concentric (please refer figure a) or else, they are said to be eccentric (please refer figure B).

Correct answer is (c) Half

To explain I would SAY: The bisector of an ANGLE is a ray whose end point is the vertex of the angle and which DIVIDES the angle into two equal angles. For the figrure given belowBD line is the ANGULAR bisector dividing angle ABC in two equal parts.

The correct choice is (b) 14

To explain I would say: In lettering ‘A’ type, the height of the capital letter is DIVIDED into 14 parts while in lettering ‘B’ type it is divided into 10 parts. The height of LETTERS and NUMERALS for ENGINEERING drawing can be selected from 2.5, 3.5, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 20 mm ACCORDING to drawing size.

Correct option is (a) 2H

Explanation: Arrowheads RESEMBLES the EXTENT of dimensions. It should be sharply DEFINED and uniform throughout the drawing. Generally, 3 MM in length is used. For such precision small diameter pencils are used, hence 2H is used as arrowheads.

Right answer is (d) x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 = 1

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: LET (x, y) be the co-ordinates of any point on the locus traced out by the MOVING point P. Then we shall have

x = a cos θ or x/a = cos θ and y = b sin θ or, y/b = sin θ

x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = cos^2 θ + sin^2 θ or, x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1

which is the required equation to the locus of P.

Correct answer is (a) Inferior TROCHOID

To explain: Trochoid is a curve GENERATED by a point fixed to a circle, WITHIN or outside its circumference, as the circle ROLLS along a STRAIGHT line. The curve generated below shows us the inferior trochoid.

Correct option is (c) Main scale

Explanation: The scale on the larger, fixed portion of the calliper. It GIVES the most significant digits in the reading, while the vernier is the sliding portion giving the least significant digits in the reading. It can be further DIVIDED into sub-parts as internal JAWS, external jaws, locking SCREW etc.

The correct OPTION is (C) CENTRE line

To elaborate: Centre line is used to indicate the axes of cylindrical, conical or spherical objects.Also to show the centre of circle and arcs. LONG, thin chain line composed of alternate long and dot spaces approximately 1mm apart. Long dashes are about 9 to 12MM apart.

The correct choice is (b) Hyperbola

The best explanation: Hyperbola concept originated in Greek, can be defined as a set of points in a plane whose DISTANCES to two FIXED points in the plane have a constant difference. It is FORMED by the INTERSECTION of a plane with a right CIRCULAR cone. Equation of parabola: x^2/a^2 – y^2/b^2 = ±1.

The correct option is (b) UNIFORMITY in LETTERS as obtained in ONE stroke of the pencil

Best EXPLANATION: Single-Stroke lettering resembles uniformity in line thickness which can be obtained in one stroke. One stroke resembles the uniform lead diameter i.e. during lettering the thickness of letters should MATCH each other.

Right option is (b) 3x-2y=5

Explanation: Here the terms abscissa and ordinate are the coordinates of a POINT in a TWO- DIMENSIONAL rectangular Cartesian coordinate system where abscissa represents x-axis and ordinate as y-axis. So according to the given question the EQUATION is as follows: 3x-2y=5.

The correct answer is (b) The circle with diameter AB

Best EXPLANATION: The circle with diameter AB, EXCLUDING POINTS A and B will be the locus of point AB. This point P will always MAKE 90° angle with the circumference when the lines from two points of radius meet at P, also from circle postulate it is proved.

Correct OPTION is (d) 45

Easiest explanation: Given both the perpendiculars are EQUAL so according to postulate, equal side has equal angle opposite to it.

So, angle ADB = angle BDC, on equating both ANGLES as 7x+17 = 3(4x – 1)x=4, and angle BDC = 45.

The correct CHOICE is (C) Train suspension

Easiest explanation: FOUR-bar linkage, also called a four-bar, is the simplest MOVABLE closed chain linkage. It consists of four bodies, called bars or links, connected in a loop by four joints. Generally, the joints are configured so the links move in parallel planes, and the assembly is called a planar four-bar linkage.

Correct answer is (d) Superior EPITROCHOID

The best I can explain: An epitrochoid is a roulette traced by a point ATTACHED to a circle of radius r ROLLING around the outside of a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is at a DISTANCE d from the center of the exterior circle.

The correct OPTION is (c) X = a(α – sin α)

For explanation: CYCLOID is a curve generated by a point on the circumference of a circle which ROLLS along a straight line. It can be described by an EQUATION,

y = a(1 – cosα) or x = a(α – sin α).

Correct answer is (a) Catenary

Easy explanation: When a uniform and flexible chain HANGS from two PEGS, its weight is UNIFORMLY distributed along its length. The shape it takes is called a catenary. The catenary curve has a U-like shape, superficially similar in appearance to a parabola, but it is not a parabola. The catenary is also called the alysoid, chainette, or, PARTICULARLY in the materials sciences, funicular. This figure blow REPRESENTS a catenary and a parabola.

Right option is (c) T-square

The explanation: A T-shaped RULER used in engineering drawing, consisting of a short CROSSPIECE, which slides along the edge of the drawing board, and a long HORIZONTAL piece: used for drawing horizontal LINES and to support set squares when drawing vertical and INCLINED lines.

Right choice is (d) 200

Explanation: The furlong was the distance a team of OXEN COULD plough without resting. This was standardized to be exactly 40 rods (1 rod = 51/2 YARDS) or one-eighth of a mile or 660 feet GIVEN by U.S unit system.Accurately one furlong = 201.168 meters.

Correct option is (a) 120

The BEST I can EXPLAIN: Sum of the interior angles of a regular polygon = (n – 2)*180, n= no. of sides

Of a regular hexagon = (6 – 2)*180 = 720

Each interior angles of a regular polygon = sum of interior angle/no. of sides

= 720/6 = 120.

Correct CHOICE is (c) 1/3162

For explanation I WOULD say: Area of the field = 25,000m^2

Area of field on the map = 5CM*5cm = 25cm^2

1cm^2 = 25000/25 = 1000m^2

1 cm = 31.62 m

Now REPRESENTATIVE Fraction = 1cm /31.62m = 1/3162.

Right OPTION is (b) 1/200

Easy EXPLANATION: Since volume is given, formula will TURN as

R.F = (drawing volume/original volume)^3

R.F = (216 cm^3 / 1728 * (100)^3 cm^3)^3

= 1/200.

Right answer is (d) Boring

For explanation I would say: Mostly used in construction and ALSO for converging or DIVERGING light since radiation often needs to be concentrated at one point (e.g. radio telescopes, pay TV DISHES, solar radiation collectors) also to be transmitted from a single point into a wide parallel beam (e.g. headlight reflectors). Boring USES single point cutting tools which are STRAIGHT vertical shaped.

The correct answer is (a) AX + XB

For explanation I would SAY: The part of a line that connects two POINTS. It has definite end points. Adding the word “segment” is important, because a line normally extends in both directions without end.The figure shows a line segment AB with point C. Point C can divide the line segment in any RATIO.

The correct choice is (c) 40

Easy EXPLANATION: It is not possible to construct an ANGLE that is not a MULTIPLE of 15. Angle 40 is not a multiple of 15 while 120 is multiple of 15. Angle 37.5 is formed by angular bisector of angle 75 which is again a multiple of 15. Angle 33.75 is formed by bisecting angle 135 two times, is also a multiple of 15.

Correct option is (C) Laser beam

To explain: A line segment is a part of a line that is bounded by two distinct end points, and contains every point on the line between its endpoints. A ray is a line with ONE end GOES FOREVER in the other direction. Here option Laser beam is ray and others are line segment.

Correct option is (a) e < 1

The best explanation: Eccentricity can be defined as a PARAMETER ASSOCIATED with EVERY conic section. It can be thought of a measure of how much the conic section deviates from being circular.When (e < 1Ellipse), (e = 1Parabola), (e > 1Hyperbola), (e = ∞straight line), (e = 0Circle).

Right option is (d) When TWO lines are INTERSECTED by a TRANSVERSAL and the CORRESPONDING angles are congruent, the lines are parallel

The best explanation: ∠A, ∠F, ∠G, ∠D are exterior angles. ∠B, ∠E, ∠H, ∠C are interior angles. ∠B and ∠E, ∠H and ∠C are consecutive interior angles. ∠A and ∠G, ∠F and ∠D are alternate exterior angles. ∠E and ∠C, ∠H and ∠B are alternate interior angles. ∠A and ∠E, ∠C and ∠G ∠D and ∠H, ∠F and ∠B are corresponding angles.

Correct choice is (d) Concentric circle

The explanation: Two or more circles with same centre and different RADII, are TERMED as concentric circle. Inscribed circle is the largest possible circle drawn inside a polygon, each side of the polygon must be tangent to the circle, while a circle CONTAINING a polygon in its interior touching all VERTICES of a plane figure is called circumscribed circle.

Correct choice is (b) Reducing scale

To elaborate: Dimensions of large objects MUST be reduced to accommodate on standard drawing SHEETS. It is not any physical instrument but a ratio taken between ACTUAL and drawing objects, the drawing is drawn small and this ratio is TERMED as reducing scale. Don’t get CONFUSED as reducing-scale is also used by surveyors for reducing chains and links to acres and roods.

The correct choice is (a) 75 degree

For EXPLANATION: Inclined LETTERS are Single-stroke letters which lean to the RIGHT MAKING a slope of 75 degree with the horizontal as PER the guidance of Indian Standards.Also known as Italic lettering. Not recommended for beginners until you have mastered in vertical lettering. Inclined and vertical lettering should never appear on the same drawing.

The correct choice is (d) ECCENTRICITY

Explanation: Eccentricity can be DEFINED as a parameter ASSOCIATED with every conic SECTION. It can be thought of as a measure of how much the conic section deviates from being circular. Options like ANGLE, centre and sector are there in a circle except the eccentricity.

The correct answer is (d) A SQUARE is a particular case of a rectangle only

The BEST I can explain: Square is a combination of the properties of a rectangle and a rhombus, i.e. with FOUR congruent SIDES SIMILAR to rhombus and with four right angles same as of rectangle. This can be understood from the figure below.

The correct answer is (a) One side

Easiest explanation: An equilateral TRIANGLE is one which has all three sides of the same length. For the figure given below, with centres P and Q and radius equal to PQ, draw arcs intersecting each other at R. After this draw LINES joining R with P and Q. The triangle obtained is the equilateral triangle.

Right choice is (b) Outline

The best I can explain: Outlines represents a general sketch indicating only the main FEATURES, ASPECT of SOMETHING under discussion. These are continuous thick, wide LINES used to represent VISIBLE edges and surface boundaries of objects.Also known as principal lines.

The correct choice is (a) Draw line BC=6 cm and an angle CBA=600. Cut off AB=3.5. Join AC, triangle ABC is the required triangle

To EXPLAIN I WOULD say: FIGURE below SHOWS the construction:-

Draw line BC=6 cm with a ruler and an angle CBA=600 with the compass. Cut off AB=3.5 by compass. Join AC, triangle ABC is the required triangle.

Right option is (d) Perpendicular BISECTOR

Explanation: According to locus postulate: The locus of a point equidistant from two FIXED points A and B in the same plane, is the perpendicular bisector of the line JOINING the two points.

Right choice is (c) Diagonal

Easiest explanation: Diagonal SCALES are used when very minute distances such as 0.1 mm etc. are to be accurately MEASURED or when measurements are required in THREE units; example- DM, cm and mm, or yard, foot and inch. While other options only GIVE measurement in single unit.

The correct option is (c) Measuring required accurate angle

To explain I WOULD say: Verniers are also extensively USED to CIRCULAR scales in variety of scientific instruments.

The below figure SHOWS typical arrangement of double direct verniers.

In Fig. the scale is graduated to 10 and value of n=10 on the vernier. 10 vernier divisions = 9 main scale divisions. Hence the least count is = d/n = 10/10 = 6′. The reading is 19 0 48′.

The correct option is (c) Representative fraction

Easiest explanation: Representative fractions are a UNIT-less relation between one “unit” on the map and however many “units” of the same type on the ground. When a 1 cm long line in a drawing SHEET represents 1 m length of the ACTUAL object on the ground, the R.F is equal to 1 cm/1 m = 1/100. These are of 3 types-full SCALE, reduced scale and ENLARGED scale.

Right choice is (c) CIRCLE

Easy explanation: The LOCUS of the swimmer will be a circle with light house as the CENTRE and the same DISTANCE between the light house and the swimmer as RADIUS (locus postulate of a circle).

The correct choice is (B) Straight line

To elaborate: Let A (2, -1) and B (3, 2) be the given points and (x, y) be the co-ordinates of a point P on the required locus. Then,

PA^2 = (x – 2)^2 + (y + 1)^2 and PB^2 = (x – 3)^2 + (y – 2)^2

By problem, PA = PB or, PA^2 = PB^2

or, (x – 2)^2 + (y + 1)^2 = (x – 3)^2 + (y – 2)^2or, x^2 – 4x + 4 + y^2 + 2y + 1 = x^2 – 6x + 9 + y^2 – 4y + 4

or, 2x + 6y = 8 or, x + 3Y = 4 ……… (1)

CLEARLY, equation (1) is a first degree equation in x and y; hence, the locus of P is a straight line whose equation is x + 3y = 4.

Correct choice is (b) ANGULAR bisector

Easiest explanation: ACCORDING to locus postulate: The locus of a point EQUIDISTANT from two fixed non-parallel straight lines AB and CD will be a straight line bisecting the angle between them.

Right choice is (c) Circle

The EXPLANATION: According to locus postulate: The locus of a POINT P moving in a lane about ANOTHER point in such a way that its DISTANCE from it is constant, is a circle of some radius.

The CORRECT choice is (a) Ellipse

To explain: A plane CURVE such that the sums of the distances of each POINT in its PERIPHERY from two fixed points, the foci, are equal. It is a conic section formed by the intersection of a right circular cone by a plane that cuts the axis and the surface of the cone.

Right option is (c) Hypocycloid

To EXPLAIN I would say: Hypocycloid is a special plane curve generated by the trace of a fixed point on a small CIRCLE that rolls within a larger circle. It is comparable to the cycloid but instead of the circle rolling along a LINE, it rolls within a circle. In the FIGURE below, the circle with radius b rolls inside the bigger circle THUS making the curves known as hypocycloid.

Correct answer is (d) ISO

Easiest explanation: ISO (INTERNATIONAL Organization for Standardization), this is a World WIDE organization that creates engineering STANDARDS, dimensions with approximately 100 participating countries. ANSI creates standards for North America, BIS for India, CDS for small company.